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果胶酶是一类包含多种组分的复合酶。由于它有多种来源，所以可以分为多个种类。果胶酶主要应用于水果加工业和饲料工业。果胶酶在水果加工业中的应用主要有：水果中的胶状及可溶性果胶经果胶酶水解后，可降低果汁的黏度，有助于压榨并提高出汁率；果胶酶能破坏果汁中悬浮物的稳定性，使其凝聚沉淀，得到澄清果汁；用果胶酶处理超滤膜能提高果汁超滤的通量，缩短超滤时间；经果胶酶处理的果汁比较稳定，浓缩后不再发生混浊等等。在饲料工业中，果胶酶也是非常有用的。它与纤维素酶、半纤维素酶等配合使用，可降解植物细胞壁中果胶和纤维素等抗营养因子，促使淀粉、脂类、维生素和蛋白质等释放出来，从而提高了饲料的营养价值。果胶酶还能促进饲料在动物消化道内的消化吸收。 相似文献
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对海棠果的最佳榨汁工艺进行研究.经过试验确定最佳烫漂时间为4min,果胶酶酶解的最佳条件是:酶用量为0.04％、PH4.5、温度45℃、酶解时间120min,加2倍水榨汁,出汁率80.3％. 相似文献
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正酸酸甜甜的各种饮料是很多人的最爱。随着健康意识的提高,碳酸饮料不那么招人待见了,但果汁饮料很受欢迎。毕竟,"果"是好东西嘛!不过,市场上带"果"字的饮料也太多了,那么如何判断哪些"果"汁更有营养?哪些"果"汁其实跟水果毫无关系?"纯果汁""100%果汁"按照国家标准来说,"果汁(浆)及果汁饮料是用新鲜或冷藏水果加工制成的制品"。按形态分有澄清果汁(如苹果汁)和浑浊果汁(如橙汁); 相似文献
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黄酒米浆水的混凝澄清技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用硫酸亚铁为混凝剂混凝澄清黄酒米浆水，通过条件试验和正交实验，确定了最佳混凝工艺条件，在PH值为8．0，混凝剂FeSO4，加量为1.4mg/L，搅拌速度为60r/min，搅拌时间为5min时，澄清后透光率可达90．0％，可作为工业用水再利用。 相似文献
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通过实验探讨胰蛋白酶作为牛奶蛋白质水解的优化条件。结果表明：最适宜的酶解温度为45℃；最适加酶量为每500mL牛乳加0．05g胰蛋白酶；酶解时间为30min。在确定了牛奶水解度的优化条件以后，以水解牛乳为基料，根据母乳营养特点，对蛋白质比例、脂肪酸组成及其它营养成分进行调配，设计液态婴儿乳的配方为：每1000mL成品中，水解液330．4mL，乳清粉69．66g，精练植物油7．13g，糖添加的总量7．22g，复合维生素及微量元素的添加量分别为0．58g和0．385g，水667mL。 相似文献
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目的:研究磷酸川芎嗪冻干粉针稳定性.方法:采用稳定性加速试验及长期试验进行稳定性研究.结论:经加速试验6个月、长期试验36个月,样品性状、含量、有关物质、水分、pH值、澄清度均无明显变化,表明本品质量稳定. 相似文献
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以干枸杞为原料制备浓缩汁,添加果胶酶以提高出汁率、透光率和热稳定性.通过单因素试验确定果胶酶的最佳酶解条件为：添加量：0.05％,酶解温度：50℃,酶解时间：2h.将枸杞浓缩汁添加到冰淇淋中,测定冰淇淋的膨胀率、融化率、黏度和硬度,并对其进行感官鉴评.结果表明,枸杞浓缩汁可以改善冰淇淋的品质. 相似文献
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BackgroundSugars from sweet sorghum stalks can be used to produce ethanol and also to grow oleaginous yeasts. Instead of two separate processes, in this paper we propose a different route producing ethanol and microbial oil in two consecutive fermentation steps.ResultsThree yeasts were compared in the first ethanol producing step. In the second step four different oleaginous yeasts were tested. Sweet sorghum juice was first clarified and concentrated. High gravity ethanol fermentation was carried out with concentrated juice with 23.7 g/100 mL of total sugars and without added nutrients. Total sugars were 2.5 times more than the original clarified juice. One yeast gave the best overall response over the two other tested; relative high ethanol productivity, 1.44 g ethanol/L·h−1, and 90% of sugar consumption. Aeration by flask agitation produced superior results than static flasks for all yeasts. Microbial oil production was done employing the residual liquid left after ethanol separation. The pooled residual liquid from the ethanol distillation contained 7.08 g/mL of total carbohydrates, rich in reducing sugars. Trichosporon oleaginosus and Lipomyces starkeyi produced higher dry biomass, total sugar consumption and oil productivity than the other two oleaginous yeasts tested; with values around 25 g/L, 80%, and 0.55 g oil/L·h−1 respectively. However, the biomass oil content in all yeasts was relatively low in the range of 14 to 16%.ConclusionThe two step process is viable and could be considered an integral part of a consolidated biorefinery from sweet sorghum.How to cite: Rolz C, de León R, Mendizábal de Montenegro AL. Co-production of ethanol and biodiesel from sweet sorghum juice in two consecutive fermentation steps. Electron J Biotechnol 2019;41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.05.002. 相似文献
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BackgroundFoods including probiotics are considered “functional foods.” As an alternative to dairy products, we investigated the behavior of Lactobacillus casei when exposed to low-pH fruit juice. Juices of fruits such as pineapple, raspberry, and orange were assessed. Free and microencapsulated forms of L. casei were compared, and the viability of the probiotic was evaluated under storage at 4°C for 28 d. Microbiological analyses were carried out to ensure a safe and healthy product for consumers who look for foods with probiotics from sources other than dairy.ResultsLow pH affected L. casei survival during storage depending on the type of fruit juice. In the case of pineapple juice, some microcapsules were broken, but microcapsules recovered at the end of the storage period had 100% viability (2.3 × 107 CFU/g spheres). In the case of orange juice, more than 91% viability (5.5 × 106 CFU/g spheres) was found. In raspberry juice, viability decreased rapidly, disappearing at the end of the storage period, which was caused by the absorption of high concentrations of anthocyanin inside microcapsules more than low pH.ConclusionLow pH affected the survival of L. casei under refrigeration; even when they were microencapsulated, acidic conditions impacted their viability. Although pH affects viability, its value is very sensitive and will depend on the type of fruit juice and its composition. Some fruit juices contain compounds used as substrates for Lactobacillus and other compounds with antimicrobial effects.How to cite: Olivares A, Soto C, Caballero E, et al. Survival of microencapsulated Lactobacillus casei (prepared by vibration technology) in fruit juice during cold storage. Electron J Biotechnol 2019;42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.10.002. 相似文献
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灌溉水矿化度对玛纳斯流域棉花生长影响的试验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
合理利用咸水资源对缓解干旱区绿洲农业用水矛盾有重要意义。本文于2010年和2011年在石河子大学节水灌溉试验站研究了矿化度为0.87、2、3、4、6、8g/L的咸水对土壤水盐动态和棉花生长及产量的影响。结果表明,咸水灌溉导致土壤剖面持续积盐,棉花叶面积指数减小,干物质积累减少、产量下降;灌溉水矿化度每提高1g/L,产量降低约391kg/hm2;土壤根系层(0～60cm)可溶性盐浓度每升高1g/L,产量降低约861kg/hm2。在灌溉水矿化度2g/L情况下,100cm土层盐分最大累积率2010年为113%,2011年为26%,呈下降趋势,棉花生长、干物质积累及产量受影响较小,可作为该区咸水利用调控参考阈值,指导农业生产。 相似文献
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Arjen M. Pit Ri?lle de Ruiter Anand Kumar Daniel Wijnperlé Michèl H. G. Duits Frieder Mugele 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(4)
We analyze a recently introduced approach for the sorting of aqueous drops with biological content immersed in oil, using a microfluidic chip that combines the functionality of electrowetting with the high throughput of two-phase flow microfluidics. In this electrostatic sorter, three co-planar electrodes covered by a thin dielectric layer are placed directly below the fluidic channel. Switching the potential of the central electrode creates an electrical guide that leads the drop to the desired outlet. The generated force, which deflects the drop, can be tuned via the voltage. The working principle is based on a contrast in conductivity between the drop and the continuous phase, which ensures successful operation even for drops of highly conductive biological media like phosphate buffered saline. Moreover, since the electric field does not penetrate the drop, its content is protected from electrical currents and Joule heating. A simple capacitive model allows quantitative prediction of the electrostatic forces exerted on drops. The maximum achievable sorting rate is determined by a competition between electrostatic and hydrodynamic forces. Sorting speeds up to 1200 per second are demonstrated for conductive drops of 160 pl in low viscosity oil. 相似文献
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农户绿色防控技术采纳的经济效应与环境效应评价——基于陕西省猕猴桃主产区的调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于陕西省猕猴桃主产区357户农户调查数据,建立联立方程模型实证分析农户绿色防控技术采纳的经济效应与环境效应。研究表明,绿色防控技术具有显著的经济与环境效应,但农户采纳不同绿色防控技术手段所能实现的经济与环境效应存在明显差异。其中,人工释放天敌技术与平衡施肥技术具有显著的经济与环境效应;果园生草技术与果实套袋技术具有显著的经济效应,但环境效应不显著;杀虫灯技术具有显著的环境效应,但经济效应不显著;生物农药技术的经济效应与环境效应均不显著;化学农药仍是促进猕猴桃产量增长的重要因素,但其增产效果远小于绿色防控技术;劳动投入、户主文化程度、家庭收入结构显著正向影响农户猕猴桃产量,户主农药认知水平与供应链组织模式显著负向影响农户化学农药施用量。为促进绿色防控技术的顺利推广,应着力解决绿色防控技术推广过程中存在的问题,设计匹配农业技术推广方案。 相似文献