共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
J Weintrop 《Journal of Government Information》1995,22(4):297-309
"The U.S. Bureau of the Census has published on CD-ROM format data for the smallest geographic reporting levels....Providing access to the maps that define the reporting areas used by the Bureau within a county is one aspect of service that is unique to census files STF1A, STF1B, and STF3A. The paper illustrates the way these reporting levels are defined in the Tract/BNA Maps and Block Maps. The steps taken by one library to develop a link between a geographic area of interest to a patron and the areas defined on these maps are described. These steps include preserving and housing the maps in a way that makes them easy to use and preparing an index to the information contained on the maps using dBASE registered trademark software and information taken from STF1A using Extract software." 相似文献
2.
Margaret M. Jobe 《Journal of Government Information》2004,30(1):66-80
This article traces the history of the enumeration of American Indians by the U.S. Census Bureau and its predecessors. It considers the social and political background of the census and the reasons that Native Americans were not counted by the census until 1890. It also examines the changes in the enumeration and definition of Native Americans—key concepts needed to provide effective reference service for users of Census Bureau data. 相似文献
3.
Sei-Ching Joanna Sin 《Library & information science research》2011,33(1):41-53
Information inequity is a central concern of the digital age. Many recognize the role of public libraries in bridging such inequities. Unfortunately, however, public libraries are often limited by the funding available to them. This study used a geographic information system (GIS), inequality measures, and multiple regressions to analyze statistics from the Public Libraries Survey (PLS) collected by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and from census tract data. It evaluated the levels of public library funding and services and tested how these resources vary with neighborhood income and urbanization levels. This is one of the few nationwide multivariate studies of neighborhood-level variations. The study revealed significant funding and service variations across the nation's 9000 library systems. Distributions of digital materials, full-time staff with a master's degree in library and information science, and library programs were especially disparate. Library systems in lower-income or rural neighborhoods were relatively less funded and offered fewer information resources. Interestingly, the only variable that was not significantly associated with neighborhood income was the number of public Internet terminals. This suggests that recent funding and research efforts may have made a difference. Similar funding efforts are encouraged for other types of library resources such as staff education and training. In light of the prevalent disparities in resource levels across neighborhoods, the study calls for a fundamental evaluation of the funding mechanisms for libraries. Also, information behavior research should investigate how this structural information inequity affects individuals’ information use decisions. 相似文献
4.
[目的/意义] 探究疫情防控期间的线上服务创新探索,可为高校图书馆线上服务的完善与不断创新提供参考。[方法/过程] 通过调研吉林省高校图书馆疫情防控期间线上服务的内容、形式、实践数据,总结当前高校图书馆区域性线上服务特点和问题,剖析高校图书馆线上服务现状。[结果/结论] 实践表明,高校图书馆在线上服务创新实践中具备较为专业的服务能力和快速的应对效率,展现了线上服务的巨大作用和效果,但在资源保障体系、服务平台、队伍建设等方面仍存在问题,需在推进智慧图书馆建设、提高数字资源保障力、建设线上服务平台、健全馆员队伍、推进服务转型等方面积极努力。 相似文献
5.
This paper describes the new and inexpensive technologies that have been developed at the U.S. Bureau of the Census in order to assist in data processing of census results in developing countries. The process of U.S. technical assistance in this field is described. The authors then consider differences and similarities in processing and producing census data. The article concludes with a discussion of the available technologies, including microcomputing software developed for the 1990 census round. 相似文献
6.
论文对中国国家数字图书馆虚拟参考咨询统计和问卷调查数据进行了梳理,在此基础上提出了一系列针对性措施,包括:尽快开通无线网,尽快开通异地办卡、充值付费和扣费、验证等网上虚拟参考服务,大幅增加网上阅读和文献提供的数量,添加OPAC视频和数据资源馆外访问视频演示,增加实时咨询网络"语音咨询"业务. 相似文献
7.
J C Mihm 《Journal of Government Information》1994,21(1):49-58
"The results and experiences of the 1990 [U.S.] census demonstrate that the American population has grown too diverse and dynamic to be accurately counted solely by the traditional 'headcount' approach, and that fundamental changes must be implemented for a successful census in 2000. In the past, each census was more accurate than the preceding one, in part because of increased spending. However, the accuracy of the 1990 census fell below that of the 1980 census, as census costs escalated significantly. The $2.6 billion the nation spent on the 1990 census represented a 65 percent increase in constant dollars over the cost of the 1980 census. Additional cost escalation with the 2000 census is probable unless needed reforms are implemented. Although it is too early to identify the precise design needed for a more cost-effective census in 2000, the General Accounting Office believes that a number of opportunities for reform are worthy of aggressive attention." 相似文献
8.
Peter A. Bounpane 《Government Information Quarterly》1985,2(4):369-387
Planning for the 1990 census has been underway for some time and many important decisions must be made in the near future. In making these decisions, the Census Bureau will be guided by six criteria or goals, which are described in this article. The article also discusses current Census Bureau thinking in several specific areas: (1) automation, which is the key to completing the census in a timely manner; (2) basic methodology, which will likely be—possibly with modifications—the mail-out/mailback method used in the 1980 census; and (3) content, where the Census Bureau's challenge is to balance the needs for data against the need to keep questionnaire length reasonable. Other issues discussed are personnel management, outreach and publicity, and adjustment and coverage improvement. The article also describes the process the Census Bureau is using to get ideas to plan the census. 相似文献
9.
[目的/意义]新媒体环境下,以用户原创内容、互动分享关系、自组织活动和参与式服务设计为特点的移动图书馆社群化服务成为图书馆服务的新模式。从用户视角入手,探究移动图书馆社群化服务中用户参与的影响因素,进而构建移动图书馆社群化服务理论模型。[方法/过程]通过半结构化访谈方式对10名受访者进行调查,运用扎根理论方法对访谈资料进行分析和归纳以提炼影响用户参与的因素,并对因素间的作用路径进行分析。[结果/结论]最终归纳出影响用户参与的4个主范畴,即基础服务质量、社群化服务价值、用户社群化关系和参与式服务设计,并以此为基础构建影响因素与作用路径理论模型,帮助从用户角度深入了解移动图书馆社群化服务的构建方向,为移动图书馆未来在资源组织、服务更新等方面完善自身功能提供一定的借鉴。 相似文献
10.
Information behavior (IB) and public library usage studies seldom simultaneously analyze individual-level characteristics and community-level information service factors. Thus, it is uncertain whether changes in community-level factors, such as an increase in public library funding and service level, make a difference in an individual's library usage after differences in personal characteristics are accounted for. Applying the person-in-environment (PIE) framework designed to integrate individual agency and sociostructural factors in IB research, this study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the factors influencing a student's frequency of public library usage for schoolwork, leisure, and Internet access. It mapped and merged a nationally representative survey of 13,000 U.S. 12th graders with census tract data and public library statistics. The SEM findings indicate that school information environment, frequency of school library use, race/ethnicity, and home computer availability were among the top three factors affecting public library usage for schoolwork, leisure, and Internet access. More importantly, library service levels had a positive impact on students’ library usage in terms of frequency of use. Specifically, even after personal differences such as each student's socioeconomic status and achievement motivation were controlled for, higher service levels in the student's neighborhood public library contributed to more frequent library usage. The findings pinpoint the benefits for individual-level IB study to incorporate etic measures of community-level factors. The findings also suggest that continuous effort to fund high levels of public library services—particularly in disadvantaged areas—is worthwhile. Such efforts should be encouraged. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship》2013,18(1):3-14
This paper descibes the Career Resources Program at the Lippincott Library of the Wharton School. This Program emphasizes the coordination of efforts by the Library and the Wharton Career Placement Office in meeting the job hunting needs of business students. The primary services offered include database searching by librarians for information on companies coming to campus to recruit students for jobs, and a bibliogrpahic instruction sessions for students on how to find company and career information in the Library. We enhance the role of the Library on campus while providing a valuable service for students. 相似文献
12.
[目的/意义]美国公共图书馆开展游戏服务已历160余年,游戏已然成为实现图书馆改良社会、教育教化职能的有效手段和转型融入社区的重要工具.分析其发展模式及成败得失,对我国公共图书馆开展游戏服务有借鉴作用.[方法/过程]采用文献研究法,通过对1915年至今100余年来200余篇图书馆游戏相关学术文献的分析和梳理、总结美国公共图书馆游戏服务的发展脉络、服务模式和重要推手. [结果/结论]图书馆的自拓展努力,各级协会的引导,公司、基金会等平行机构的合作,教育机构的智力支持,社会力量的参与等合力是美国公共图书馆游戏服务开展的重要支撑体系. 相似文献
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14.
[目的/意义] 图书馆深度知识服务对科技管理、科研团队、创新领军人才起到重要支撑作用。根据需求来源分析提出面向科研布局的领域态势分析服务的方法体系和常用工具,可以厘清服务思路,有针对性地进行服务拓展。[方法/过程] 以工作流程为主线,分别从数据输入、数据清理和数据输出3个阶段梳理领域态势分析服务方法体系和适用工具,分析比较各自的特点。其中数据输入方法包含定向检索法和内容调研法,数据清理方法包含人工清理法和自动匹配法,数据输出方法包含时空分布法、主题探测法、人才发现法和机制探索法。通过两个案例深入解析实际工作过程中如何灵活运用基本方法。[结果/结论] 面向科研战略布局的领域态势分析服务方法,可以为高校图书馆开展相关服务提供方法指南和参考借鉴。 相似文献
15.
国外城市公共图书馆服务体系建设及其启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
纽约、伦敦、东京三大城市公共图书馆服务体系建设在管理模式、资源配置、地域分布等方面表现出国外城市公共图书馆服务体系建设的特点。新时期我国城市公共图书馆服务体系建设应该借鉴国外的有益经验,在推行总分馆制、合理规划公共图书馆服务网点、完善城市图书馆资源配置及管理方式、增强公共图书馆分馆设置和服务效果等方面继续努力。 相似文献
16.
[目的/意义] 鉴于已有基于点击流的用户模型大多简单地采用页面类型序列代替行为序列,提出一种根据点击流访问页面序列到用户行为的映射方案,解决用户行为建模的问题。[方法/过程] 本文在分析网页URL参数、页面内容等特征的基础上,以81 759个电商用户会话为测试样本,提出并实现从页面到用户行为的映射方法,给出一种依据原始日志建立用户行为序列来描述会话的方案。[结果/结论] 分析反映出在会话层面上已有研究不易得到的行为特征,得到6类具备不同行为模式的会话:功能探索会话、卖家管理会话、营销推动会话、资料管理会话、商品浏览会话、检索依赖会话。基于点击流对用户会话建模,可以得出用户会话中行为序列特征,对实现准确营销与推荐具有重要价值。 相似文献
17.
[目的/意义] 针对嵌入课题组的科学数据服务策略进行研究,对国外科研数据服务的方法、内容等进行调研,研究在我国学科知识服务过程中,面向科研数据构建信息环境,研究面向科研数据服务的学科知识服务机制创新,从组织创新、能力创新等方面进行探讨。[方法/过程] 探索在科研数据服务中学科知识服务嵌入方式与模式,提出在科研数据环境下嵌入式学科服务发展思考与建议。[结果/结论] 探索在科研数据研究中学科化服务嵌入方式与服务模式,提出未来发展面向课题组的科学数据服务的新方向,以提升学科服务水平与能力。 相似文献
18.
[目的/意义]对国内政府开放数据服务水平进行评价,可为我国政府开放数据的客观评价与政策制定提供参考和依据,从而提高我国政府数据开放效益。[方法/过程]从微观层面的数据与用户视角出发,建立政府开放数据服务水平的评价指标体系,以武汉等8地政府开放数据平台上的"文化休闲"主题数据集为例,利用熵值法计算权重与政府开放数据服务水平综合评价值。[结果/结论]我国城市政府开放数据服务水平具有以下特征:政府开放数据服务水平与数据可利用性具有较高的关联性,且具有层次性;各地政府开放数据服务水平呈现出不一致性。 相似文献
19.
Katherine Bell Steven William Glover Colin Brodie Anne Roberts Colette Gleghorn 《Health information and libraries journal》2009,26(2):136-142
Background: Within NHS North West England there are 24 primary care trusts (PCTs), all with access to different types of library services. This study aims to evaluate the impact the type of library service has on online resource usage. Methodology: We conducted a large‐scale retrospective quantitative study across all PCT staff in NHS NW England using Athens sessions log data. We studied the Athens log usage of 30 381 staff, with 8273 active Athens accounts and 100 599 sessions from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2007. Results: In 2007, PCTs with outreach librarians achieved 43% penetration of staff with active Athens accounts compared with PCTs with their own library service (28.23%); PCTs with service level agreements (SLAs) with acute hospital library services (22.5%) and with no library service (19.68%). This pattern was also observed when we looked at the average number of Athens user sessions per person, and usage of Dialog Datastar databases and Proquest full text journal collections. Discussion: Our findings have shown a correlation of e‐resource usage and type of library service. Outreach librarians have proved to be an efficient model for promoting and driving up resources usage. PCTs with no library service have shown the lowest level of resource usage. 相似文献
20.
[目的/意义]通过对网络信息资源著作权风险中著作权人与网络服务提供者的博弈分析,在利益均衡的基础上提出著作权风险规避的策略。[方法/过程]运用委托代理理论的基本原理,分析著作权人与网络服务提供者的委托代理关系,构建信息不对称条件下著作权人为风险中性和风险规避时的委托代理模型,并进一步对两种情况下的各绩效指标进行探讨。[结果/结论]在委托代理机制下,著作权人与网络服务提供者在风险规避上的利益具有一致性;在两种不同情况下著作权人的激励程度、网络服务提供者的努力程度以及总的期望收益均有显著变化;著作权人的激励程度以及双方的最终收益与网络服务提供者的努力程度、努力成效、风险规避程度、项目完成能力等因素密切相关。基于此,可以通过健全奖惩激励机制、完善利益补偿机制、强化监督管理机制来规避网络信息资源著作权中的风险问题,实现委托代理双方收益的帕累托最优。 相似文献