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线粒体与细胞凋亡 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
杨丽娟 《通化师范学院学报》2005,26(2):60-61
细胞编程性死亡即细胞凋亡是健康个体中的一个正常过程．近年来发现细胞凋亡与线粒体的结构与功能有着密切的关系．线粒体氧化磷酸化过程中生成活性氧，使线粒体上PT孔道开放，削弱了线粒体膜两侧的质子梯度，导致ATP合成下降；同时向细胞液释放了与凋亡有关的活性物质，激活Caspases，引起细胞凋亡． 相似文献
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线粒体与细胞凋亡及临床疾病 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
线粒体是哺乳动物细胞内唯一含有核外遗传物质的细胞器，由于其自身的特征及其所处的环境，使线粒体DNA(mtDNA)较核DNA(nDNA)更易损伤或突变：通过线粒体外膜释放凋亡活性物质和通透性转换孔开放，可促进细胞凋亡；mtDNA的损伤和突变与人类衰老、神经退行性疾病、糖尿病及肿瘤等疾病的发生均有关系。 相似文献
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线粒体是哺乳动物细胞内唯一含有核外遗传物质的细胞器,由于其自身的特征及其所处的环境,使线粒体DNA(mtDNA)较核DNA(nDNA)更易损伤或突变;通过线粒体外膜释放凋亡活性物质和通透性转换孔开放,可促进细胞凋亡;mtDNA的损伤和突变与人类衰老、神经退行性疾病、糖尿病及肿瘤等疾病的发生均有关系. 相似文献
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亨廷顿舞蹈病（Huntington’s disease,HD）是一种致命的遗传性神经退行性疾病,它是由亨廷顿蛋白N-端的多聚谷氨酰胺延长造成的。该病表现为纹状体中的中型棘神经元（medium spiny neurons,MSN）逐渐丢失。HD的致病机理还不完全清楚,目前越来越多的研究结果显示线粒体在HD中发挥着重要作用。已有证据充分表明了HD细胞中线粒体的形态和结构发生了明显改变。此外,HD细胞中线粒体某些电子传递链复合物蛋白活性或蛋白表达水平的降低,以及突变亨廷顿蛋白对细胞核基因转录的影响进一步引起了线粒体功能障碍。除了线粒体形态和功能的改变,HD细胞线粒体的Ca2＋稳态也发生了紊乱,且线粒体的氧化压力水平显著升高,进而导致HD细胞线粒体基因组DNA损伤。由于线粒体在细胞凋亡过程发挥着重要作用,因此HD细胞中线粒体的这些变化揭示了线粒体异常参与了HD细胞特别是HD神经细胞的凋亡过程。本综述将集中探讨HD中线粒体的一系列异常变化,为阐明HD的发病机理和HD治疗提供一些启发。 相似文献
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李怡 佘文妍 徐笑然 刘艺欣 王新宇 田胜 李世毅 王淼 余超超 刘攀 黄天河 魏永长 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2023,(3):232-250
大部分化疗药物可以促进活性氧（ROS）产生,同时ROS可以诱导细胞凋亡。本研究构建了一种有机砷化合物N-(4-(1,3,2-dithiarsinan-2-yl)phenyl)acrylamide(AAZ2),其可通过促进ROS产生诱导胃癌线粒体依赖的细胞凋亡。具体机制为AAZ2通过靶向丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶1(PDK1)导致葡萄糖代谢改变和氧化应激,继而抑制PI3K/AKT/m TOR通路,最终激活半胱天冬酶（caspase）依赖的细胞凋亡。此外,体内实验也证实了AAZ2可以抑制胃癌移植瘤的生长。综上,在胃癌中,AAZ2可以通过靶向PDK1影响葡萄糖代谢及随后的氧化应激反应,抑制PI3K/AKT/m TOR信号通路,最终诱发线粒体依赖的细胞凋亡。 相似文献
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细胞凋亡是细胞在各种死亡信号刺激后发生的一系列大量激活的主动性细胞死亡过程.细胞凋亡的信号传导主要有两条途径:受体依赖途径(外部途径)和线粒体途径(内部途径),两条途径互相交叉;死亡受体、死亡配体和半胱氨酸蛋白酶等细胞凋亡因子在两条途径中起核心作用. 相似文献
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为探究异乌药内酯诱导细胞内活性氧的产生在介导线粒体凋亡途径中的作用及对肺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响,将A549细胞分为对照组（DMSO）、异乌药内酯处理组（15μmol/L）、抗氧化剂NAC组（3 mmol/L）和异乌药内酯联合NAC处理组（Isolinderalactone 15μmol/L+NAC 3 mmol/L）进行实验。采用CCK-8方法检测细胞活性,通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,DCFH-DA法检测A549细胞内活性氧水平变化,JC-1染色后流式细胞术检测细胞内线粒体膜电位,Western blot方法检测细胞内线粒体凋亡通路相关关键蛋白表达的变化。结果表明：异乌药内酯能抑制肺癌A549细胞生长并诱导细胞凋亡,促进ROS积累,线粒体膜显著去极化,上调促凋亡蛋白Bax表达水平而下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达水平。抗氧化剂NAC与异乌药内酯联合作用后,与异乌药内酯单独处理组相比,以上各方面的变化水平都呈现出不同程度的下降。异乌药内酯能通过诱导细胞内活性氧积累,激活线粒体凋亡途径从而促进A549细胞发生凋亡。 相似文献
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Hui PAN Bao-hui WANG Zhou-bin LI Xing-guo GONG Yong QIN Yan JIANG Wei-li HAN 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2019,(4):310-321
目的:通过细胞外过氧化氢(H_2O_2)的刺激建立单个人肺癌SPC-A-1细胞的氧化压力模型。创新点:氧自由基(ROS)涉及多种生物现象,包括有益和有害两个方面。ROS的定量检测和反应网络的评估结果令人期待。但ROS半衰期很短且反应过程很快,因此,我们通过多种手段克服了检测和评估的困难。方法:利用改进的微流控和成像技术测定ROS水平,构建氧反应网络。通过调控线粒体胞浆Ca2+水平、线粒体Ca2+摄取、细胞内ROS自扩增以及内在凋亡途径,确定线粒体在外源氧化压力模式中扮演的角色。结论:研究结果表明1 mmol/L H_2O_2引起细胞O_2·-水平的快速增加,从而导致细胞氧化能力增加和还原能力降低。此外,研究还证实了内质网中储存的Ca2+是H_2O_2诱导的线粒体Ca2+爆发的主要来源。外源氧化压力反应涉及细胞器间Ca2+信号的传递、ROS自身扩增、线粒体功能紊乱和半胱天冬酶依赖性凋亡途径。线粒体在外源性氧化应激影响细胞命运方面发挥着关键作用。 相似文献
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细胞凋亡是细胞接受某种信号或受到某种因素刺激后,为了维持内环境稳定而发生的一种主动性消亡过程,但是过度的细胞凋亡与多种疾病有关。运动性骨骼肌微损伤是运动过程中肌肉受到牵拉及肌组织内生理生化环境改变而造成的骨骼肌细胞超微结构的损伤。很多实验表明运动训练开始后骨骼肌内的生理生化环境都会导致骨骼肌细胞凋亡,而且细胞凋亡与运动性骨骼肌微损伤具有相同的时相性,显示凋亡可能是运动性骨骼肌微损伤的一个重要因素,从而探讨运动性骨骼肌微损伤的机制。 相似文献
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Homoharringtonine (HHT) has currently been used successfully in the treatment of acute and chronic myeloid leukemias and has been shown to induce apoptosis of different types of leukemic cells in vitro. Emerging evidence suggests that angiogenesis may play an important role in hematological malignancies, such as leukemia. How ever, whether HHT can relieve leukemia by anti-angiogenesis is still unknown. We investigated the anti-angiogenesis potential of HHT with the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV304) and leukemic cell line (K562) in vitro. Cellular proliferation was determined by MTT assay and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed by RT-PCR and VEGF protein production was detected by Western blot. Inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by HHT were discovered in ECV304 cells, and appeared in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Also, treatment with HHT caused down-regulation of VEGF mRNA expression in K562 cells in similar dose- and time-dependent manner and inhibition of VEGF protein production in K562 cells in response to the enhancing concentration of HHT. The results demonstrated that HHT could also induce apoptosis in endothelium and down-regulate VEGF expression in K562 cells. In conclusion, we believe HHT has anti-angiogenesis potential and speculate that HHT might exert its anti-leukemia effects via reduction of angiogenesis. 相似文献
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Homoharringtonine induces apoptosis of endothelium and down-regulates VEGF expression of K562 cells 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
INTRODUCTION Homoharringtonine (HHT) is a cephalotoxin alkaloid with anti-leukemic activity and had been used successfully in the treatment of acute and chronic myeloid leukemias (O払rien et al., 1995; 1999; Feldman et al., 1992). The principal mecha-nism of action by HHT is the inhibition of protein synthesis in a dose- and time-dependent manner by binding to ribosome and inhibiting polypeptide chain elongation (Tujebajeva et al., 1989; Zhou et al., 1995). HHT had been shown to indu… 相似文献
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杨立明 《孝感职业技术学院学报》2002,5(4):66-69
急性心肌缺血再灌注过程中存在心肌细胞凋亡;认识和研究急性心肌缺血再灌注过程中心肌细胞凋亡的诱发因素及其基因表达与调控对防治急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有显示其临床应用价值。 相似文献
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DNA-damage response network at the crossroads of cell-cycle checkpoints,cellular senescence and apoptosis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Schmitt E Paquet C Beauchemin M Bertrand R 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(6):377-397
Tissue homeostasis requires a carefully-orchestrated balance between cell proliferation, cellular senescence and cell death. Cells proliferate through a cell cycle that is tightly regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase activities. Cellular senescence is a safeguard program limiting the proliferative competence of cells in living organisms. Apoptosis eliminates unwanted cells by the coordinated activity of gene products that regulate and effect cell death. The intimate link between the cell cycle, cellular senescence, apoptosis regulation, cancer development and tumor responses to cancer treatment has become eminently apparent. Extensive research on tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes, the cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory genes has revealed how the DNA damage-sensing and -signaling pathways, referred to as the DNA-damage response network, are tied to cell proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, cellular senescence and apoptosis. DNA-damage responses are complex, involving ＂sensor＂ proteins that sense the damage, and transmit signals to ＂transducer＂ proteins, which, in turn, convey the signals to numerous ＂effector＂ proteins implicated in specific cellular pathways, including DNA repair mechanisms, cell-cycle checkpoints, cellular senescence and apoptosis. The Bcl-2 family of proteins stands among ＂the mos＂t crucial regula＂tors of apop＂tosis and performs vi＂tal func＂tions in deciding whether a cell will live or die after cancer chemotherapy and irradiation. In addition, several studies have now revealed that members of the Bcl-2 family also interface with the cell cycle, DNA repair/recombination and cellular senescence, effects that are generally distinct from their function in apoptosis. In this review, we report progress in understanding the molecular networks that regulate cell-cycle checkpoints, cellular senescence and apoptosis after DNA damage, and discuss the influence of some Bcl-2 family members on cell-cycle checkpoint regulation. 相似文献
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Fang YANG Wang-wang LIU Hui CHEN Jia ZHU Ai-hua HUANG Fei ZHOU Yi GAN Yan-hua ZHANG Li MA 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2020,21(1):64-76
目的:最近有研究表明卡非佐米(Carfilzominb,CFZ)能有效抑制肺腺癌细胞生长,但是其中的内在机制仍然需要进一步研究。本文针对CFZ抑制肺腺癌生长机制进行了系统研究。创新点:揭示了蛋白酶体抑制剂抗实体肿瘤的新机制,为这类药物用于实体肿瘤治疗提供了有利依据。同时Gadd45a可做为候选指标用于蛋白酶体抑制剂抗肿瘤疗效的预测。方法:应用流式细胞术检测CFZ对肺腺癌细胞周期和凋亡的影响;通过MTS比色法及平板克隆形成实验分析CFZ对肺腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用;使用蛋白质印迹法(western blot)和定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测相关基因表达水平的改变。结论:CFZ通过AKT/FOXO3a通路上调Gadd45a基因的表达,诱导肺腺癌细胞周期阻滞和凋亡,从而发挥抗肿瘤效应。 相似文献
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新型抗凋亡基因Survivin与肿瘤的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综述Survivin是一种新型凋亡抑制因子,主要通过抑制Caspase-3和Caspase-7的活性而阻断细胞凋亡过程。指出Survivin选择性地表达于胚胎发育组织和大多数肿瘤组织,而正常成人分化组织中不表达。认为Survivin参与了细胞周期调控,与肿瘤的发展和血管形成有关,可作为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。 相似文献
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目的 :研究新城疫病毒在体外抗胃癌细胞活性及其与细胞凋亡的关系。方法 :应用倒置显微镜观察细胞形态、MTT法测NDV在体外对BGC - 82 3的抑制和杀伤作用 ,同时用流式细胞术检测胃癌细胞凋亡情况及细胞分裂周期各时象的变化。结果 :NDV在体外可使BGC - 82 3胃癌细胞形成明显的细胞病变效应、细胞生长抑制及细胞凋亡 ,且细胞凋亡率与感染时间呈正相关。G2、S期细胞减少 ,增殖指数 (PI)降低 ,与阴性对照组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :NDV具有显著的抗BGC - 82 3胃癌细胞活性。 相似文献
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Xu Q Li ZX Peng HQ Sun ZW Cheng RL Ye ZM Li WX 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(4):247-255
This paper aims to investigate the effects of artesunate (ART) on growth and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma HOS cell line
in vitro and in vivo and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay. The induction of apoptosis was detected by light and transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry.
Western blot analysis was used to investigate the related mechanisms. Nude mice were further employed to investigate the antitumour
activity of ART in vivo. MTT assay results demonstrated that ART selectively inhibits the growth of HOS cells in a dose- and
time-dependent manner. Based on the findings of light and transmission electron microscopy, Hoechst 33258 staining, and fluorescein
isothiocyanate (FITC)-annexin V staining, the cytotoxicity of ART in HOS cells occurs through apoptosis. With ART treatment,
cytosolic cytochrome c was increased, Bax expression was gradually upregulated, Bcl-2 expression was downregulated, and caspase-9 and caspase-3
were activated. Thus, the intrinsic apoptotic pathway may be involved in ART-induced apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis by flow
cytometry indicated that ART may induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. In nude mice bearing HOS xenograft tumours, ART inhibited tumour growth and regulated the expressions of cleaved
caspase-3 and survivin, in agreement with in vitro observations. ART has a selective antitumour activity against human osteosarcoma
HOS cells, which may be related to its effects on induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway. The results suggest that
ART is a promising candidate for the treatment of osteosarcoma. 相似文献