共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
试论青少年短跑运动员的放松训练 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过对我国青少年短跑运动员的放松问题的探讨,分析了我国短跑水平与亚洲和世界水平存在差距的主要原因,探讨了放松能力对促进短跑成绩提高的作用,研究了放松能力影响短跑成绩的机理,以及放松训练对青少年短跑运动员成绩的影响。 相似文献
2.
文章通过对我国短跑项目运动成绩的演变特征进行研究,并与世界优秀运动员成绩进行对比,在此基础上总结出现代短跑的专项技术特征,提出今后的一些发展对策,旨在认真总结经验,找出差距,为我国短跑运动成绩的提高提供依据。 相似文献
3.
张红萍 《体育科技文献通报》2012,20(9):41+45-41,45
通过对我校田径队12名男子短跑运动员的核心力量训练,提高运动员的核心力量,有效提高了短跑运动员的短跑成绩,从而为提高短跑运动员的技术水平和运动成绩的进一步研究打下基础,以及为我国青少年短跑运动的可持续发展进行有益的探索。短跑;核心力量;训练 相似文献
4.
短跑是田径项目的基础,受到广大中小体育教师的高度重视,在近年的世界大赛上,我国短跑项目出现了可喜的成绩。随着现代短跑竞技水平和体能训练的不断提高,高强度对抗的比赛中运动员在高速跑动中的放松技术显得至关重要,对短跑成绩的影响也显得尤为突出,高度协调的放松技术是现代优秀短跑运动员的重要技术特征。长期以来,短跑运动员只重视爆发力和速度的提高, 相似文献
5.
施芹 《徐州教育学院学报》1999,(4)
所谓速度就是指单位时间内所移动的距离,而在短跑之中速度又是由运动员的步长和步频决定的,步长和步频的长短与快慢同时又受运动员的运动技能和身体素质所限制。目前我国的短跑成绩落后,说明我国短跑运动员身体素质发展不够平衡,在技术动作上也存在着一定的问题,从而影响了运动成绩。一、身体素质欠佳,是影响短跑运动成绩提高的关键短跑的优异成绩,重要的取决于运动员的身体素质全面发展的水平。因而不断地提高运动员的身体素质是我国近代短跑训练的主要环节之一,而现在不少教练员忽视了运动员全面的身体素质的训练,由于身体素质水… 相似文献
6.
金云峰 《沈阳体育学院学报》1988,(1)
一、关于技术我国短跑运动员要加大跑的振幅。几年来观看我国短跑运动员的技术图片和通过外国运动员在我国比赛时对其技术的现场观察,我们都会发现同外国短跑运动员相比我国短跑运动员总是动作幅度小,跑时显得全身紧张僵硬。从技术角度来分析,就是我国短跑运动员的前摆动作放不开,速度慢,扒地动作不积极;后蹬伸展不充分。这样的技术,失去了有利的用力机会(时机),是我国短跑水平进一步提高的障碍。近几年来,世界短跑成绩提高很快,百米已达到了9″83的成绩。世界优秀短跑运动员跑的技术大致可以概括为:快速前 相似文献
7.
8.
论我国田径短跑技术的发展趋势 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
刘忠庆 《体育成人教育学刊》1999,(4)
现代短跑技术从 60年代发展至今已有三十多年 ,我国高校仍采用传统的短跑技术理论显然是不合适的 ,而塑胶跑道在各级大学生田径比赛中广泛使用 ,使传统的短跑技术理论更加无法应用 ,我们必须对短跑技术进行改革和发展 ,才能提高我国大学生短跑运动成绩。 相似文献
9.
近几年来,随着世界短跑水平不断提高,我国短跑成绩也有新的实践,正朝着新的水平发展。作为一名从事少年短跑训练的教练员来说,如何搞好基础训练,这直接关系到我国今后短跑成绩的进展的速度,也直接关系到我国能否尽快挤进世界短跑先进行列的关键之一。为了探索少年女子短跑运动员的基础训练。十多年来我学习“控制论”理论,并采取边学习、边实践,边总结的方法,进行 相似文献
10.
钟进聪 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(6):46-47,49
本文运用文献资料综合法和调查访问法,对短跑运动员步幅的大小和短跑运动成绩的影响进行了研究。分析短跑的技术对成绩的影响和如何解决步幅小的问题进行了阐明。从中发现我国短跑运动员的步幅还处于较落后的状态。原因是一方面部分教练员只能过直观分析认为我国男子100米运动员步频有余,步幅不足;另一方面是决定速度的两个因素没有充分认识。 相似文献
11.
In this study, we analyzed the correlations between hip flexion power; sprint performance, lumbar lordosis (LL) and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the psoas muscle (PM). Ten young adults performed two sprint tests and isokinetic tests to determine hip flexion power. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine LL and PM CSA. There were correlations between hip flexion power, sprint performance, and PM CSA, but LL showed no correlation with any parameter The impact of hip flexion power and LL on sprint stride pattern efficiency was considered. Hip flexion might not have a simple role in the passive knee replacement of the stride pattern; instead, it may be an active parameter. Other investigations are needed to determine the influence of pelvic architecture on sprint performance. 相似文献
12.
胡垚 《体育科技文献通报》2012,20(8):46+93-46,93
世界体育竞技水平不断发展的今天,短跑技术更新和短跑技术的发展是提高短跑运动成绩的重要因素。在现代短跑运动技术中的“后扒式”着地技术和“屈蹬式”短跑技术已成为现代短跑技术中的重要技术特征;“髋动力”学说;这三种主要的短跑技术在现代短跑技术中起着举足轻重的作用。 相似文献
13.
Hans C. von Lieres Und Wilkau Neil E. Bezodis Jean-Benoît Morin Gareth Irwin Scott Simpson Ian N. Bezodis 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(20):2359-2366
ABSTRACT Successful sprinting depends on covering a specific distance in the shortest time possible. Although external forces are key to sprinting, less consideration is given to the duration of force application, which influences the impulse generated. This study explored relationships between sprint performance measures and external kinetic and kinematic performance indicators. Data were collected from the initial acceleration, transition and maximal velocity phases of a sprint. Relationships were analysed between sprint performance measures and kinetic and kinematic variables. A commonality regression analysis was used to explore how independent variables contributed to multiple-regression models for the sprint phases. Propulsive forces play a key role in sprint performance during the initial acceleration (r = 0.95 ± 0.03) and transition phases (r = 0.74 ± 0.19), while braking duration plays an important role during the transition phase (r = ?0.72 ± 0.20). Contact time, vertical force and peak propulsive forces represented key determinants (r = ?0.64 ± 0.31, r = 0.57 ± 0.35 and r = 0.66 ± 0.30, respectively) of maximal velocity phase performance, with peak propulsive force providing the largest unique contribution to the regression model for step velocity. These results clarified the role of force and time variables on sprinting performance. 相似文献
14.
James J. Wild Ian N. Bezodis Jamie S. North Neil E. Bezodis 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(10):1327-1337
The initial steps of a sprint are important in team sports, such as rugby, where there is an inherent requirement to maximally accelerate over short distances. Current understanding of sprint acceleration technique is primarily based on data from track and field sprinters, although whether this information is transferable to athletes such as rugby players is unclear, due to differing ecological constraints. Sagittal plane video data were collected (240?Hz) and manually digitised to calculate the kinematics of professional rugby forwards (n?=?15) and backs (n?=?15), and sprinters (n?=?18; 100?m personal best range?=?9.96–11.33?s) during the first three steps of three maximal sprint accelerations. Using a between-group research design, differences between groups were determined using magnitude-based inferences, and within-group relationships between technique variables and initial sprint acceleration performance were established using correlation. Substantial between-group differences were observed in multiple variables. Only one variable, toe-off distance, differed between groups (d?=??0.42 to ?2.62) and also demonstrated meaningful relationships with sprint performance within all three groups (r?=??0.44 to ?0.58), whereby a stance foot position more posterior relative to the centre of mass at toe-off was associated with better sprint performance. While toe-off distance appears to be an important technical feature for sprint acceleration performance in both sprinters and rugby players, caution should be applied to the direct transfer of other kinematic information from sprinters to inform the technical development of acceleration in team sports athletes. 相似文献
15.
短跑运动员专项力量训练特征的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
短跑运动员的专项力量是取得优异成绩的重要因素,如何结合短跑的专项特点,研究其训练特征,选择正确有效的方法和手段,是短跑专项训练取得成效的重要环节之一.本文分析了短跑专项力量训练的特征和其内在因素的相互关系,以求达到理论研究和实践应用相结合的目的. 相似文献
16.
Alberto Fílter Jesús Olivares Alfredo Santalla Fabio Y. Nakamura Irineu Loturco Bernardo Requena 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1320-1325
ABSTRACT The speed performance is involved not only in linear sprints, but also in a wide spectrum of multi-directional movements, such as curve sprinting. Curved sprint can be defined as sprint with gradual and continuous change of direction (COD). Although ~85% of the actions performed at maximum velocity in a professional soccer league are curvilinear sprints, there is not any specific test to assess this ability. This study aimed to analyse the reliability of a new curve sprint test, and compare its results with those obtained by soccer players in linear sprint. Forty experienced soccer players performed 3 attempts of curve sprint (using the penalty arc) to right and left side (17 m), and 3 linear sprints (17 m) in two different days. The ICCs (inter-session reliability) were 0.93 for sprint curve right side (CSRS) and 0.89 for sprint curve left side (CSLS), considered “acceptable”. The CVs (intra-session reliability) were 0.87% in CSRS and 1.15% in CSLS. The coefficient of determination (R2) between linear and curve sprinting was ~35%. The association between curve sides was “very large” (r = 0.878; p < 0.01). In summary, we showed that “curve sprint test” is highly reliable, and that curvilinear and linear sprints are different and independent actions. 相似文献
17.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):374-381
AbstractResisted sled towing is a popular and efficient training method to improve sprint performance in adults, however, has not been utilised in youth populations. The purpose therefore was to investigate the effect of resisted sled towing training on the kinematics and kinetics of maximal sprint velocity in youth of different maturation status. Pre- and post-intervention 30 metre sprint performance of 32 children, 18 pre-peak height velocity (PHV) and 14 mid-/post-PHV, were tested on a non-motorised treadmill. The 6-week intervention consisted of ～12 sessions for pre-PHV and 14 for mid-/post-PHV of resisted sled towing training with each sessions comprised of 8–10 sprints covering 15–30 metres with a load of 2.5, 5, 7.5 or 10% body mass. Pre-PHV participants did not improve sprint performance, while the mid-/post-PHV participants had significant (P < 0.05) reductions (percent change, effect size) in sprint time (?5.76, ?0.74), relative leg stiffness (?45.0, ?2.16) and relative vertical stiffness (?17.4, ?0.76) and a significant increase in average velocity (5.99, 0.76), average step rate (5.65, 0.53), average power (6.36, 0.31), peak horizontal force (9.70, 0.72), average relative vertical forces (3.45, 1.70) and vertical displacement (14.6, 1.46). It seems that sled towing may be a more suitable training method in mid-/post-PHV athletes to improve 30 metre sprint performance. 相似文献
18.
Matthew Springham Sean Williams Mark Waldron Anthony J. Strudwick Chris Mclellan Robert U. Newton 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(20):2279-2290
ABSTRACT This investigation examined the effect of prior workload on high-intensity football match performance. Player load variables were recorded using a global positioning system and converted into composite variables: rolling season accumulated load (AL), exponentially weighted moving average acute, chronic and acute:chronic workload ratio (A:C). Match-play high-intensity performance-per-minute: accelerations (ACC), sprints, high-speed running (HSR) and high metabolic load (HMLd) distances; and situational and contextual variables were recorded for all games. Partial least squares modelling, and backward stepwise selection determined the most parsimonious model for each performance variable. Quadratic relationships of small to moderate effect sizes were identified for sprint AL and sprint performance, HSR AL and HSR performance, acute HMLd and HMLd performance, acute sprint load and ACC performance and A:C sprint load and ACC performance. Match performance was typically greatest between the mean and +1SD. High chronic HMLd, and combined acceleration and deceleration (ACC+DEC) load exerted small beneficial effects on HMLd and HSR performance, whereas high acute load exerted trivial to moderate negative effects. High sprint A:C exerted a small beneficial effect on sprint performance and playing position exerted small effects on HSR and HMLd performance. Prior workload has trivial to moderate effects on high-intensity match performance in professional players. 相似文献
19.
许翀 《武汉体育学院学报》2017,51(10):93-100
短跑起跑阶段需要对外部信号集中注意并快速反应,以产生最佳运动表现。因此,本研究假设：狭窄外部注意焦点导向会对短跑选手的起跑表现产生有益影响。研究基于短跑起跑的三个动力学阶段（实际反应时阶段,蹬起跑器反应动作时阶段和加速跑阶段）,测试新手和精英短跑选手在一段10M的短跑起跑中,在3种注意焦点导向条件下（狭窄外部注意导向、狭窄内部注意导向、中性指导语）的起跑表现。研究结果显示：在狭窄外部注意导向条件中,实际反应时、反应动作时和起跑加速时均显著短于狭窄内部注意焦点导向条件中的时间。研究结果证实：（1）根据信号而启动的短距离快速移动项目中,狭窄外部注意焦点导向会产生有益影响。（2）不同的注意焦点导向会影响动作表现。 相似文献
20.
随着我国当前教育事业的不断发展,国家在我国当前的教育事业整体发展过程当中,越来越重视培养学生的身体素质。而当前很多院校在平时的课程中最重要的一门科目就是短跑,但是有很多高校的大学生在日常的体育课程参与过程当中,短跑成绩往往都会受到多方面因素的影响。故本文将就超等长力量结合阻力训练对高校大学生短跑成绩的影响开展相应的实验研究。 相似文献