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1.
舟山海岛地区成年人体质现状的调查分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
为了解和掌握舟山海岛地区成年人体质现状和变化规律 ,运用比较研究方法 ,对 2 5 75名海岛地区成年人的体质现状进行了调查 ,结果表明 ,海岛地区成年人体质的总体水平好于全国平均水平 ,但体质状况存在差异 ,成年女性的体质状况好于男性 ;城市非体力劳动者的体质状况好于农民和城市体力劳动者 ;男性体质状况随着年龄的增加呈现出明显下降的趋势。 相似文献
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王欢 《体育科技文献通报》2006,(1)
研究对象:2001年澳门成年人(20～59岁)体质调研的总样本量为3959。研究方法:采用2001年澳门成年人体质监测数据,利用t-test和x2检验统计方法分析不同锻炼人群的体质状况。数据处理运用SPSS10.0统计软件进行。研究结果与分析:1.澳门成年人的体育锻炼现状澳门成年男性平均有17.0% 相似文献
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体育锻炼对老年人自测健康和体质状况的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文的目的在于研究体育锻炼对老年人自测健康水平和体质状况的影响.研究结果显示:(1)老年人男性的生理健康、心理健康和自测健康总分显著高于女性.(2)60-69岁的老年人与70岁以上的老年人在体质得分上有非常显著的差异.(3)经常参加体育锻炼的老年人的生理健康、心理健康、社会健康以及健康总分和体质状况明显优于不锻炼者.(4)参加集体形式体育活动的老年人自测健康各因素和体质得分均高于以个人形式进行锻炼的老年人.(5)文化程度不同老年人的生理、心理和社会健康水平和体质状况也不同.文化程度越高,老年人的健康和体质状况就越好.(6)文化程度的高低是老年人参加体育锻炼的一个重要影响因素. 相似文献
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生活方式对辽宁省城、乡中学生体质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>不良的生活方式,如吸烟、酗酒、不健康的饮食习惯、缺乏体育锻炼等,会严重威胁人体健康。青少年的体质健康状况及心智发育水平,不仅关系到他们现阶段的学习与生活,对其成年后的身体健康状况、劳动能力也会 相似文献
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对湖南省湘西州7县市、7种职业共1614名20～69岁成年人的身体形态、机能、素质等指标进行测试及分析,了解各年龄段的体质现状,结果显示:依据《中国成年人体质测定标准》,湘西州成年男性居民合格级以上比例为87％,达到51岁以后体质状况各项指标下降趋势明显;女性居民合格级以上比例为94％,达到46岁以后体质状况各项指标下降明显;湘西州体质状况女性优于男性,男女各年龄阶段指标均出现两头小、中间大局面. 相似文献
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根据国家体育总局在1997年中国成年人体质监测公报中提供的数据。把其中关于成年男子体质的状况与成年女子的体质状况作为一个集合对展开同异反分析,发现1997年度中国成年男女体质差异较大,差异不确定度为0．342,同一度仅为0．644,成年女子体质相对成年男子来说相对较弱。 相似文献
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目的:探讨不同身体成分对成年人体质的影响,进一步提高成年人的健康意识。方法:分别采用《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防指南》和《国民体质测定标准手册(成年人部分)》对成年居民进行体质测试。结果:(1)成年男性的BMI均值高于女性BMI值,且均值都高于24kg/m2,处于超重或肥胖状态,女性的BMI值均随着年龄的增加而增加;(2)20-39岁年龄组中,53.8%的男性处于超重或肥胖状态;40-59岁年龄组中,高达72.1%的男性处于超重或肥胖状态;(3)正常体重组的体质综合评分最高,体重过重或过轻均会对身体机能和素质产生负面影响。 相似文献
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通过对2005年湖州市老年男性国民体质监测结果和全国同龄人监测结果进行比较，发现潮州市老年男性的体质状况较差．多项指标低于全国同龄平均水平。建议该人群多参加体育锻炼，以达到增强自身体质、增进健康的目的。 相似文献
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体育专业大学生吸烟状况及对危害健康认识的调查分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
有证据表明，大学生的吸烟率在逐年上升，而体育专业学生的吸烟率明显高于非体育专业的学生。为了找到体育专业学生吸烟的真正原因以及更有效地预防学生吸烟的办法，作者对广西师大体育学院的学生进行了吸烟情况的调查。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of cigarette smoking on cardiac autonomic function in young adult smokers during dynamic exercise. Fourteen healthy young smokers (21.4 ± 3.4 years) performed peak and submaximal exercise protocols under control and smoking conditions. Resting and submaximal beat-to-beat R-R series were recorded and spectrally decomposed using the fast Fourier transformation. Smoking resulted in a significant decrease in work time, VO(2peak) and peak O(2) pulse (P < 0.05). Heart rate increased at rest and during submaximal exercise after smoking (P < 0.05). The raw high frequency and low frequency power were significantly reduced by smoking, both at rest and during exercise (P < 0.05). The low to high frequency ratio was higher after smoking (P < 0.05). The normalised low frequency power was also significantly increased by smoking, but only at rest (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that the tachycardic effect elicited by smoking is accompanied by acute changes in heart rate spectral components both at rest and during exercise. Therefore, the cardiac autonomic control is altered by smoking not only at rest, but also during exercise, resulting in reduced vagal modulation and increased sympathetic dominance. 相似文献
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浙江省大学生保健行为调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对浙江省 985名大学生 34项健康行为的指标进行调查发现 ,大多数大学生在珍惜健康和为健康投资上做得很不自觉 ,也很不理性 ,吸烟、酗酒、熬夜、节食、纵欲、缺乏体育锻炼、锻炼不科学等现象极为普遍。应引起体育与健康教育决策部门的注意。 相似文献
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of cigarette smoking on cardiac autonomic function in young adult smokers during dynamic exercise. Fourteen healthy young smokers (21.4 ± 3.4 years) performed peak and submaximal exercise protocols under control and smoking conditions. Resting and submaximal beat-to-beat R-R series were recorded and spectrally decomposed using the fast Fourier transformation. Smoking resulted in a significant decrease in work time, [Vdot]O2peak and peak O2 pulse (P < 0.05). Heart rate increased at rest and during submaximal exercise after smoking (P < 0.05). The raw high frequency and low frequency power were significantly reduced by smoking, both at rest and during exercise (P < 0.05). The low to high frequency ratio was higher after smoking (P < 0.05). The normalised low frequency power was also significantly increased by smoking, but only at rest (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that the tachycardic effect elicited by smoking is accompanied by acute changes in heart rate spectral components both at rest and during exercise. Therefore, the cardiac autonomic control is altered by smoking not only at rest, but also during exercise, resulting in reduced vagal modulation and increased sympathetic dominance. 相似文献
16.
Nicholas Peter Moutis 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):454-460
Abstract Thirty-six male college students were measured in six cardiovascular factors as recorded by the Cameron Heartometer. Seventeen of these subjects were smokers and 19 were non-smokers. The purpose of this investigation was to find what residual, as opposed to acute, effects, smoking has on young men. Each subject in both groups was measured in six cardiovascular factors, nine times successively, during his testing period. The smokers abstained from smoking on the day of testing. The residual effects of smoking in young men, if there be any, cannot be demonstrated in a statistically significant manner in certain cardiovascular factor measurements in the quiet state. 相似文献
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文章通过了解岳阳市中学生健康危险行为流行现状和特点,为控制和预防中学生健康危险行为提供依据。文章统一使用中国疾病预防控制中心提供的“中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷”和调查方法进行现场调查,采用Spss8．0软件进行统计分析。结果表明：在被调查学生中,曾尝试吸烟率为36．31％,吸烟年龄≤13岁的报告率为28．54％,目前吸烟率为13．76％。曾尝试饮酒率为48．11％,饮酒年龄≤13岁的报告率为30．06％,目前饮酒率为30．21％。上网率为40．59％。结论认为：随着年龄的增长,中学生的健康危险行为呈上升趋势,应针对不同性别、年龄、城乡特点提出相应的健康行为指导,增强学生自我保护意识。 相似文献
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研究目的 :了解太极拳训练疗法与普通运动疗法对踝关节骨折后僵硬的康复治疗效果的区别 ,进一步探讨采用中药熏洗配合太极拳训练对踝关节骨折后僵硬的康复治疗作用。研究方法 :将 40例踝关节骨折性质、程度、部位、复位方法及效果等基本相同的患者随机分为三组 ,采用中药熏洗配合太极拳训练作为其功能康复手段的为A组 ,共 1 4例 :太极拳训练作为康复手段的为B组 ,共 1 3例 ;普通运动康复的为C组 ,共 1 3例。经不同方法康复治疗 3个月后 ,采用关节测角器测得伤踝康复后的活动度 (主要为背伸与跖屈的角度 ) ,通过统计学t检验进行差异显著性比较。研究结果 :A组的效果优于B组 (P <0 .0 5) ,B组的效果优于C组 (P <0 .0 5) ,A组与C组差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :为了使踝关节骨折后的活动度得到充分恢复 ,关节不至僵化 ,中药熏洗配合太极拳训练同时进行是一种更好的康复疗法 相似文献
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大学生不健康行为调查研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于河 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(2):76-77
采用问卷调查、访谈等方法，对辽宁省部分高校大学生在饮酒、吸烟、饮食营养、网络使用等方面存在的不健康行为进行调查研究；结果发现，日常生活中的一些不良习惯严重影响大学生的健康。建议各高校采取有效措施进行干预。 相似文献
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The Acute Exercise-Induced Inflammatory Response: A Comparison of Young-Adult Smokers and Nonsmokers
Tegan E. Kastelein Cheyne E. Donges Amy E. Mendham Rob Duffield 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(1):15-25
Purpose: This study examined postexercise inflammatory and leukocyte responses in smokers and nonsmokers, as well as the effects of cigarette smoking on the acute postexercise inflammatory and leukocyte response in habitual smokers. Method: Eleven recreationally active male smokers and 11 nonsmokers matched for age and aerobic fitness were familiarized and underwent baseline fitness testing. Participants then completed 40 min of cycling at 50% peak aerobic workload. Smokers performed 2 randomized exercise sessions, including an acute postexercise smoking condition (2 cigarettes in 15 min of 12 mg tar and 1 mg nicotine) and a no-smoking condition, while nonsmokers performed 1 exercise session without smoking. Venous blood was obtained preexercise and postexercise for analysis of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist (ra), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and c-reactive protein (CRP). Results: No differences existed between groups for resting CRP (d = 0.25–0.46; p = .374–.617). Despite no baseline difference (d = 0.03–0.07; p = .141–.70), exercise-induced increases were observed for IL-1 ra in smokers (d = 0.50; p = .024–.033), which was not observed in the never-smoker group. No between-group difference was observed for IL-6 across all points (d = 0.09–0.5; p = .102–.728); however, all groups observed significant within-group change (d = 0.27–1.09; p = .001–.042). Further, TNF-α for smokers smoking was elevated above both smokers not smoking and nonsmokers at baseline and across the protocol (d = 1.20–1.80; d = 0.20–1.0; p = .001–.035). Additionally, a marked postexercise increase in leukocyte and neutrophil concentrations was evident in smokers smoking compared with nonsmokers and smokers not smoking as indicated by a moderate-to-large effect size (d = 0.72; d = 0.78). Conclusion: Consequently, male smokers exhibit an altered postexercise proinflammatory profile compared with age- and fitness-matched nonsmokers. 相似文献