共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
目的:研究马齿苋提取物对力竭运动时延缓乳酸无氧代谢的作用及其可能的机制,旨在增加其抗疲劳作用研究的针对性,进而为实际运用提供可靠的实验依据.方法:让4组小鼠连续7天按一定剂量分别饮用蒸馏水和不同浓度的马齿苋水溶液,于第8天进行力竭游泳实验,分别测定小鼠骨骼肌组织的乳酸、肌糖原含量和LDH的活性.结果:Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组的肌糖原含量显著高于I组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而乳酸含量和LDH活性显著低于I组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05).结论:马齿苋提取物可显著抑制骨骼肌组织乳酸的产生,有助于延缓力竭运动的时间,其可能的机制是增强肌糖原的储备和肌乳酸的利用,降低骨骼肌LDH的活性,进而缓解因力竭运动引发的糖原耗竭、乳酸蓄积和能源障碍所致的细胞损伤. 相似文献
2.
目的:研究肌酸补剂对小鼠运动能力的影响及其机制.方法:昆明种雄性小鼠60只(15～17g),分为对照组(control group,CG)和肌酸补充组(3.0g/kg体重,creatine supplemented group,SG),每组30只.2周后,分别于运动前、定量负荷运动(负5%体重,游5min)后和力竭运动(负18%体重)后取材.石蜡切片HE染色统计肌纤维横截面积;测定血乳酸和肌乳酸、肝糖原和肌糖原及腓肠肌和血清中的肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶.结果:肌酸补充组小鼠游泳至力竭时间显著高于对照组(P<0.01);定量负荷运动后,肌酸补充组血乳酸和肌乳酸增加幅度显著低于对照组;运动后肌酸补充组血清CK和LDH含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);运动前肌酸补充组肝糖原含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01).结论:肌酸补剂能减少运动小鼠血液和肌肉中乳酸堆积,有助于保护肌细胞膜的完整性,肌酸补充还可增加糖原贮备,从而延长小鼠游泳至力竭时间. 相似文献
3.
蜂王浆对大鼠力竭运动能力影响的实验研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究目的：探讨服用蜂王浆的大鼠，作力竭运动时，减轻和防止自由基对机体组织的损伤和抗疲劳作用。研究方法：灌喂蜂王浆的大鼠为试验组与对照组比较，测试二组在力竭运动时体重、运动能力、线粒体丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、血浆PH值，血乳酸、血清总钙ATP的合成能力以及肝、肌糖原的变化。研究结果：实验组与对照组比较体重明显增加，运动能力显著提高，MDA降低明显，SOD活性显著增高，ATP和PH值相应提高，血乳酸和血清总钙较低，肝、肌糖原明显增多。蜂王浆作为一种有效的体能恢复剂在推广和利用上有广泛的前景。 相似文献
4.
血乳酸测定在运动训练中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着体育运动的发展,体育科学已逐渐渗入运动训练中,其中,血乳酸浓度的测定也越来越受到人们的重视。人们发现,运动后的血乳酸浓度不仅反映了运动员的机能状况,还由于血乳酸是糖无氧代谢的产物,血乳酸浓度的变化直接反映了体内糖酵解供能系统的能力,所以,血乳酸的测定可以为教练员安排训练强度提供客观依据.尤其在田径、游泳等周期性项目中更具有实用价值。乳酸在体内的代谢人体内,糖的分解代谢主要有有氧氧化、无氧酵解及磷酸戊糖旁路三种形式,其中与运动有关的是有氧氧化与无氧酵解(见图).糖的有氧氧化是指葡萄糖或糖原在正常有氧条件 相似文献
5.
目的:研究递增负荷运动后肌氧和血乳酸的恢复特点及特征性指标的关联性,探索恢复评价的有效指标与科学化手段.方法:14名赛艇轻量级运动员进行递增负荷运动试验,采用静止休息的方式恢复至安静状态.用近红外光谱术(NIRS)监测运动时及恢复期主动肌氧含量的变化,提取肌氧恢复幅度(H)、半恢复时(TR),计算肌氧半恢复速率(RHbO2).在运动停止后即刻及恢复期测定血乳酸,找出峰值(Blamax)及峰值出现的时间(t)、恢复至30min时的血乳酸浓度(Bla30),计算乳酸清除速率(RBla).结果:肌氧含量与血乳酸的变化与氧化代谢水平和恢复程度相适应.肌氧半恢复速率RHbO2和血乳酸清除速率RBla存在显著的正相关(r=0.791,P＜0.01),回归方程存在显著意义.结论:肌氧和血乳酸的变化在内在机制上存在必然的联系,可以反映机体的恢复水平和氧化代谢能力.将RHbO2取代传统指标RBla应用于代谢能力和恢复评价具有可行性;NIRS为训练监控的科学化发展提供了有效的检测手段. 相似文献
6.
蜂王浆对大鼠力竭运动能力的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
探讨服用蜂王浆的大鼠，作力竭运动时，减轻和防止自由基对机体组织的损伤和抗疲劳作用。灌喂蜂王浆的大鼠为试验组与对照组比较，测试二组在力竭运动时体重、运动能力、线粒体丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、血浆pH值、血乳酸、血清总钙ATP的合成能力以及肝、肌糖原的变化。研究表明实验组的体重明显增加，运动能力显提高，MDA降低明显，SOD活性显增高，ATP和pH值相应提高，血乳酸和血清总钙较低，肝、肌糖原明显增多。蜂王浆作为一种有效的体能恢复剂有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
7.
通过对运动时线粒体是否缺氧和提高丙酮酸脱氢酶活性可降低肌乳酸的生成两方面,阐述运动时肌乳酸的产生机制。提出乳酸的生成可能是由于运动时丙酮酸的生成量大于线粒体的氧化磷酸能力,而不能简单认为是由于机体的缺氧造成的。 相似文献
8.
刺五加制剂抗疲劳的实验研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
为了探讨刺五加等中药的抗疲劳作用及其机制,我们观察了给予刺五加制剂的后的小鼠运动能力及其力竟性游泳运动前后血乳酸、股糖原、肝糖原含量和乳酸脱氢酶的活性。结果表明 五加等中药制剂具有增强运动能力,增加机体对运动的适应能力,并难增加肝糖原和肌糖原的贮备。 相似文献
9.
以血乳酸作为训练指标 ,是近十多年来在游泳训练中常采用的生化指标。它是根据运动时体内肌糖原无氧酵解的状况 ,控制和评价训练强度、结果的依据。研究表明 ,当血乳酸浓度超过４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时 ,由于体内以无氧代谢供能方式的比例急剧增加 ,造成血乳酸浓度急剧升高。随着运动强度的进一步加大 ,血乳酸浓度呈指数函数急剧上升。呈急剧上升前血乳酸值的４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ也称“拐点”。因此 ,将４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ这个临界值称为无氧代谢阈 ,简称“无氧阈”。用ＡＴ(ＡｎａｅｒｏｂｉｃＴｈｒｅｓｈｏｌｄ)表示。这个“拐点”出现得越晚表明运动员有… 相似文献
10.
肌乳酸跨膜运输 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
孟思进 《武汉体育学院学报》2001,35(6):50-53
乳酸生成后的代谢去向主要是氧化清除.乳酸可以生成部位通过组织间隙和血液穿梭到邻近的高氧化能力部位.乳酸跨膜运输是在一元羧化乳酸运输蛋白(MCT)协助下沿浓度梯度和PH进行的.通过训练,骨胳肌和心肌细胞的MCT1含量会增加,结果摄取乳酸增加,乳酸生成后从骨胳肌外流增加.更重要的是,线粒体膜也含有MCT,这有助于乳酸在此进行氧化. 相似文献
11.
Jamurtas AZ Goldfarb AH Chung SC Hegde S Marino C Fatouros IG 《Journal of sports sciences》2001,19(12):931-935
The aim of this study was to determine whether beta-endorphin infusion influences liver or muscle glycogen concentration during exercise. Thirty-two rats (Harlan Co., IN, USA) with a body mass of 265-290 g were assigned at random to four groups, each of eight rats: (1) beta-endorphin infusion for 90 min at rest; (2) beta-endorphin infusion for 90 min while running on a rodent treadmill at 22 m x min(-1) and 0% grade; (3) saline infusion (0.9% NaCl) for 90 min at rest; and (4) saline infusion for 90 min while running on a rodent treadmill at 22 m x min(-1) and 0% grade. Beta-endorphin infusion elevated plasma beta-endorphin concentration by 2.5-fold at rest compared with saline infusion at rest, and by two-fold after exercise compared with saline infusion after exercise. Beta-endorphin infusion attenuated exercise-induced glucose concentration but did not alter the fasting hepatic glycogen concentration at rest or after exercise compared with saline infusion. Fasting hepatic glycogen decreased significantly as a result of 90 min of exercise independent of treatment. Deep intermedius muscle glycogen concentration at rest was similar after 90 min of both beta-endorphin and saline infusion and decreased significantly as a result of 90 min of exercise independent of treatment. Our results suggest that liver and muscle glycogenolysis is not responsible for the differences in plasma glucose with beta-endorphin infusion during exercise. 相似文献
12.
中华武术中桩功作为武术基础功法在武术基本功练习中必不可少,其锻炼效果有目共睹,文章通过对20名参加健美专业课学习的中北大学社会体育专业学生进行为期四个月的分组实验,在其他条件尽可能相同如教学内容、锻炼强度、锻炼次数、锻炼时间等的前提下,对武术桩功在健美运动中力量方面的作用以及效果进行研究,实验证明武术桩功在健美锻炼中能够有效提高肌肉力量,且肌肉围度变化不明显。 相似文献
13.
目的探讨耐力训练和补充L-Arg对大鼠心肌、肝脏eNOSmRNA表达的影响。采用RT-PCR法对大鼠心肌、肝脏eNOSmRNA的表达进行检测。实验结果心肌组织中,所有运动组eNOSmRNA的表达均较安静组显著下降(P<0.01);力竭组与其他各组相比较均有高度显著性差异(P<0.01),所有其他组相对表达量较力竭组相对表达量高。肝脏中,大小剂量力竭组和大剂量耐力训练组eNOSmRNA表达较安静对照组、耐力训练组、力竭组和小剂量耐力训练组均有显著下降(P<0.01)。结论耐力训练抑制心肌eNOSmRNA的表达;力竭运动提高其表达。耐力训练显著提高肝脏eNOSmRNA的表达(P<0.05);补充L-Arg抑制其表达,且抑制作用随L-Arg剂量的增加而相应增大。 相似文献
14.
牛磺酸和／或递增负荷训练对大鼠骨骼肌不同肌纤维线粒体Ca^2＋-ATP酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以大鼠力竭性运动为模型，观察了牛磺酸和／或递增负荷训练对大鼠力竭运动后即刻红、白肌线粒体Ca^2 -ATP酶活性的影响。结果显示：1)安静时白肌纤维线粒体Ca^2 -ATP酶活性较红肌的高；2)力竭运动使白肌纤维线粒体Ca^2 -ATP酶活性降低，红肌的则升高；3)5周递增负荷训练对白肌纤维线粒体Ca^2 -ATP酶活性影响较大，而对红肌的几乎没有什么影响；4)牛磺酸能使力竭运动后白肌和红肌张维线粒体Ca^2 -ATP酶活性升高，结合训练其作用更明显。结果提示：递增负荷训练中慢运动单位可能较少参与运动，所以该方法可能只对白肌起到积极的锻炼作用，牛磺酸和／或训练有保护白肌和红肌线粒体的功能和防止红肌线粒体功能损伤的作用。 相似文献
15.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):413-420
Abstract High-intensity intermittent exercise substantially increases muscle glucose transport, which is thought to be the rate-limiting step for glycogen synthesis. In the present study, we compared muscle glycogen supercompensation after high-intensity intermittent exercise with that observed after low-intensity continuous exercise in rats. Four- to five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats performed either low-intensity swimming (240 min of swimming exercise with a weight equivalent to 1% of their body mass; LOW) or high-intensity swimming (twenty 30-s swimming bouts with 30 s rest between bouts with a weight equivalent to 16% of their body mass; HIGH) to deplete muscle glycogen. After the glycogen-depleting exercise, rats were given a rodent chow diet plus 5% glucose solution for 6 h or 24 h. Immediately after the two types of exercise, glycogen concentration in rat epitrochlearis muscle was similarly depleted. After the 6-h and 24-h recovery periods, muscle glycogen concentrations in both the HIGH and LOW groups were restored well above the normally fed state. Furthermore, muscle glycogen accumulation in the HIGH group for the 6-h and 24-h recovery periods was not significantly different from that observed in the LOW group. The high-intensity intermittent swimming exercise also induced muscle glycogen supercompensation in well-trained rats that had performed 7 days of endurance swimming training (6 h per day). Our results indicate that high-intensity intermittent exercise as well as low-intensity continuous exercise could induce glycogen supercompensation in rat skeletal muscle. 相似文献
16.
Physiological determinants of climbing-specific finger endurance and sport rock climbing performance 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
MacLeod D Sutherland DL Buntin L Whitaker A Aitchison T Watt I Bradley J Grant S 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(12):1433-1443
The aim of the study was to examine several physiological responses to a climbing-specific task to identify determinants of endurance in sport rock climbing. Finger strength and endurance of intermediate rock climbers (n = 11) and non-climbers (n = 9) were compared using climbing-specific apparatus. After maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) trials, two isometric endurance tests were performed at 40% (s = 2.5%) MVC until volitional exhaustion (continuous contractions and intermittent contractions of 10 s, with 3 s rest between contractions). Changes in muscle blood oxygenation and muscle blood volume were recorded in the flexor digitorum superficialis using near infra-red spectroscopy. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Climbers had a higher mean MVC (climbers: 485 N, s = 65; non-climbers 375 N, s = 91) (P = 0.009). The group mean endurance test times were similar. The force-time integral, used as a measure of climbing-specific endurance, was greater for climbers in the intermittent test (climbers: 51,769 N x s, s = 12,229; non-climbers: 35,325 N x s, s = 9724) but not in the continuous test (climbers: 21,043 N x s, s = 4474; non-climbers: 15,816 N x s, s = 6263). Recovery of forearm oxygenation during rest phases (intermittent test) explained 41.1% of the variability in the force-time integral. Change in total haemoglobin was significantly greater in non-climbers (continuous test) than climbers (P = 0.023--40% test timepoint, P = 0.014--60% test timepoint). Pressor responses were similar between groups and not related to the force-time integral for either test. We conclude that muscle re-oxygenation during rest phases is a predictor of endurance performance. 相似文献
17.
目的：探讨重复冷热水交替浴（CWT）对羽毛球运动员运动后身体机能的影响。方法：将16名优秀男子羽毛球运动员随机分成CWT组和对照组（CON），每组8名。两组运动员均参与两周体能训练，每节训练课后分别采用CWT或静态休息作为整理活动，其间动态检测运动员的主观疲劳度、运动能力和代谢指标，评价运动员机能恢复情况。结果：在主观感觉上，CWT组在每周最后一节训练课后即刻、下一周周一上午训练前肌肉酸痛感和全身自感疲劳度均明显低于CON组（P＜0.05），两组运动员经过周末休息后肌肉酸痛和全身自感疲劳度均明显改善（P＜0.05）；在运动能力上，CWT组静蹲成绩在每周最后一节训练课后即刻明显优于CON组（P＜0.05），两周训练结束后即刻立定跳远成绩明显优于CON组（P＜0.05）；经过周末休息后，CWT组立定跳远与静蹲成绩没有显著性改变（P＞0.05）；在机体代谢水平上，随着两周大运动量训练，血清肌酸激酶（CK）浓度组间没有显著性差异（P＞0.05），而两周训练后，CWT组血清尿素氮（BUN）浓度明显低于CON组（P＜0.05）。结论：CWT能缓解羽毛球男子运动员连续运动后的肌肉酸痛感和全身自感疲劳度，能延缓立定跳远和静蹲能力的下降，可能降低体内蛋白分解水平。 相似文献
18.
运动对大鼠骨骼肌形态和代谢机能的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以大鼠为实验对象, 观察研究运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌形态及代谢机能的影响。16只健康、成年SD大鼠随机分为2组, 安静组 (n=8), 运动组 (n=8)。运动方案为跑台训练, 持续 8 周。研究发现, 运动组骨骼肌形态无异常变化, 肌纤维横截面积稍减小, 变化不显著。运动训练后, 骨骼肌及血清 IGF-I水平明显升高。此外,运动组琥珀酸脱氢酶活性有所下降, 而腓肠肌ATP酶活性明显升高。结论 (1) 运动训练有效调解了体内的蛋白质代谢平衡。(2) 运动训练可以改变骨骼肌及血清IGF-I水平, 并对其蛋白质代谢产生一定的作用。(3) 运动训练在一定程度上改变了骨骼肌代谢酶活性, 从而影响其代谢功能, 以满足不同类型运动的需要。 相似文献
19.
Jozo Grgic Bruno Lazinica Pavle Mikulic James W. Krieger Brad Jon Schoenfeld 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(8):983-993
Although the effects of short versus long inter-set rest intervals in resistance training on measures of muscle hypertrophy have been investigated in several studies, the findings are equivocal and the practical implications remain unclear. In an attempt to provide clarity on the topic, we performed a systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) electronic databases. Six studies were found to have met the inclusion criteria: (a) an experimental trial published in an English-language peer-reviewed journal; (b) the study compared the use of short (≤60?s) to long (>60?s) inter-set rest intervals in a traditional dynamic resistance exercise using both concentric and eccentric muscle actions, with the only difference in resistance training among groups being the inter-set rest interval duration; (c) at least one method of measuring changes in muscle mass was used in the study; (d) the study lasted for a minimum of four weeks, employed a training frequency of ≥2 resistance training days per week, and (e) used human participants without known chronic disease or injury. Current evidence indicates that both short and long inter-set rest intervals may be useful when training for achieving gains in muscle hypertrophy. Novel findings involving trained participants using measures sensitive to detect changes in muscle hypertrophy suggest a possible advantage for the use of long rest intervals to elicit hypertrophic effects. However, due to the paucity of studies with similar designs, further research is needed to provide a clear differentiation between these two approaches. 相似文献
20.
运动员血浆内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽基础水平的调查 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
用放射免疫测定法调查了７５名运动员的血浆内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽水平,发现运动员血浆内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽基础水平均高于普通青少年。运动员的这种心血管内分泌改变对增加心肌收缩性;调节冠状血管张力;改善心肌供血有重要的生理意义。 相似文献