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1.
以四川省艺术体操运动员为研究对象,对运动员备战全运会前的膳食进行调查,利用＂运动员及大众膳食营养分析与管理系统软件＂进行分析;发现赛前减控体重期的膳食问题,为运动员合理膳食和调整赛前状态提供依据。结果表明：运动员赛前减控体重期的膳食营养素摄入量偏低,每人每日总热量和多种营养素的摄入量均低于推荐值。 相似文献
2.
在备战十运会的过程中,对山东省优秀举重运动员的赛前膳食进行了调查,并且利用“运动员及大众膳食营养分析与管理系统软件”进行分析,发现赛前运动员膳食中的问题并且及时解决,为运动员赛前减控体重和调整赛前状态提供依据。结果表明:运动员存在膳食摄入结构不合理现象,碳水化合物摄入不足,蛋白质脂肪摄入过高,部分维生素、矿物质摄入不足。 相似文献
3.
运用文献资料法、访谈法、实验法、数理统计法等,对辽宁省女子摔跤运动员赛前分别采取快速降体重和慢速降体重前后身体机能状态进行监测,分析不同降体重方式下运动员身体机能状态的变化特点,旨在为女子摔跤运动员赛前合理降体重及实时监控运动员的机能状态提供参考. 相似文献
4.
根据运动员的体重,分级别进行比赛是柔道运动的项目特点。一般情况下,柔道运动员赛前都会以减体重的方式争取力量和身体能力上的优势,因此,赛前减体重是柔道运动员不可回避的问题,尤其是中小级别。由此引发的运动员身体机能的变化,对于赛前训练手段、方法及方案的制订都会产生直接影响。本文从中小级别柔道运动员赛前减体重与机能状态变化的角度出发,进行相关测试,探索赛前减体重对柔道运动员机 相似文献
5.
女子拳击运动员赛前控、降体重的现状调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
丁华 《沈阳体育学院学报》2005,24(4):68-70
对参加2003全国女子拳击锦标赛的114名运动员采用问卷调查法和实验法进行了赛前控、降体重的调查。赛前两周控、降体重的运动员占全部调查对象的43.86%,平均降体重5.57%。结果显示:运动员赛前两周降体重对运动成绩是有直接影响的,降体重多的运动员的运动成绩远远低于降体重少的及没降体重运动员的运动成绩。 相似文献
6.
上海市散打队运动员减体重期膳食营养状况的调查与评价 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了了解上海市散打队在赛前减体重期间的膳食营养状况，以指导运动员在减体重期间合理膳食及科学减体重提供依据，对上海市散打队15名队员在减体重期间的膳食状况进行了调查和分析。结果表明：降体重期间，运动员普遍存在膳食总热量摄入偏低，糖和蛋白质摄入不足，脂肪摄入过多，部分维生素和矿物质摄入不足，膳食制度不合理，三餐热能分配及加餐不合理的问题。 相似文献
7.
运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法等,对辽宁省男子自由式摔跤运动员赛前采取快速降体重和慢速降体重的身体成分与主观感觉进行监测,比较两种不同降体重方法对运动员身体成分和主观感觉的影响,以期为摔跤运动员在赛前科学降体重提供参考. 相似文献
8.
为了获得相对力量优势，拳击运动员赛前一般都要控制体重来参加尽可能小的级别比赛。采用文献资料法、专家访问法、数理统计法对青少年拳击运动员赛前控制体重法进行分析研究，针对青少年的生理特点制定一个合理的控制体重方法。结果表明：科学合理的赛前控制体重对提高竞技水平，以及运动成绩具有显著效果。 相似文献
9.
体重问题一直是影响中国柔道运动员创造优异成绩的一个重要因素。刘霞能够在雅典奥运会上勇夺-78kg级的银牌，与赛前科学、系统地控降体重的安排是分不开的。从刘霞备战奥运会的过程入手，分析刘霞赛前控降体重的具体措施：调整膳食结构、增加低强度有氧训练及改变训练结构。 相似文献
10.
赛前训练节奏对男子柔道运动员控降体重的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对柔道运动员赛前训练中对控降体重影响因素的研究，对赛前训练起控制作用的个人得意技、力量练习、耐力跑和实战练习进行训练节奏的合理调控，使4项主要训练手段在赛前不同训练时期达到最高峰，保证赛前降体重安全、准时，提高竞技状态。此项研究对柔道运动员赛前训练的贡献主要为：1)首次提出柔道运动员赛前波浪式降体重模式，1周内体重可以有波动，赛前不苛求运动员每日降体重；2)突破柔道运动员赛前降体重的常规，通过赛前训练节奏的调控，配合节食、控水等措施，达到运动员安全降重。 相似文献
11.
"八珍汤"加减味中药补剂对男子古典摔跤运动员体能恢复的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张宗国 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(6):62-65
7名男子古典摔跤运动员服用"八珍汤"加减味中药5周,观察其在完成定量负荷后机能变化。结果显示,服药后实验组VO2、VO2/kg和氧脉搏等指标与对照组相比明显降低,表明"八珍汤"加减味中药补剂具有提高机体有氧代谢能力和促进体能恢复的功效。 相似文献
12.
Frank I. Katch 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):993-999
Abstract A study was conducted to determine the minimum number of trials necessary to establish “true” underwater weight during body density measurements on 86 college females. Nine to 10 trials of underwater weight were recorded for each subject. The results showed a significant upward trend of a curved nature during successive trials of weighing. As subjects became accustomed to making a maximum expiration while submerged underwater, the amount of air expired increased progressively between trials 1 and 10. Thus underwater weight increased during consecutive trials which affected body density values by .001–.003 density units. Similar changes have been reported by others and attributed to physical training and conditioning programs. In 42% of the subjects highest underwater weights were observed during the first five trials. The magnitude of error associated with these trials was considerably higher than for the last several trials. This was due to an 85% reduction in within-individual variability (i.e., the variability of the average individual about her own mean). This represented a large increase in the consistency of the measurement. In order to obtain the most representative underwater weight for an individual 9 to 10 trials were necessary. The average value calculated from the last three trials was used to establish “true” underwater weight. 相似文献
13.
男子优秀摔跤运动员的踝关节肌力特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用分组等动测试方法,并紧密结合摔跤项目的运动实践,探讨摔跤运动员的踝关节肌力特征。结果表明,踝关节背屈肌力是优秀摔跤运动员训练中应注重发展的力量素质;踝关节的肌力特征,是以肌肉持续抵抗疲劳的能力为主。 相似文献
14.
身高标准体重指标与大学生身体成分的关系 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为探讨身高标准体重指标与身体成分的关系，以220名普通大学生（男女各110名）为实验对象，通过测量其身高、体重与身体成分，结果发现身高标准体重指标与身体成分之间相关性极低（P〉0．05），而体重指数（BMI）、体脂百分比和腰臀比（WHR）与身体成分有高度相关性（P〈0．01）。结论：（1）《大学生体质健康标准》中身高标准体重指标不能客观有效地评价身体成分；（2）建议在《大学生体质健康标准》中，评价身体成分的指标宜选体脂百分比、BMI和WHR，首选为体脂百分比。 相似文献
15.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):153-161
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy and reliability of whole-body volume, body density, and percent body fat calculated from body volume without the head (V NH), as assessed by hydrostatic weighing without head submersion and predicted head volume (pV H) based on head parameters, as compared with standard hydrostatic weighing. Participants comprised 29 males and 27 females aged 17–26 years. Head volume was predicted from anthropometric head parameters using a prediction equation. Underwater weights with/without head submersion were measured five times. The reliability of underwater weighing without head submersion was very good (intraclass correlation coefficient: males=0.998, females=0.998) as was that for traditional head submersion. The relationship between the sum of V NH and pV H and the whole-body volume measured by hydrostatic weighing was very high (males=0.998, females=0.999), and their values were very similar with an error range of 300–400 ml. Although percent body fat assessed from the sum of V NH and pV H showed a slight scatter of 2–3% from the identity line of percent body fat assessed by hydrostatic weighing, the relationships for both sexes were very strong (males=0.918, females=0.957). The errors (2 standard deviations) as determined by Bland-Altman plots between the two methods were ?3.2 to 2.6% in males and ?2.3 to 2.8% in females. There was no significant bias in percent body fat estimated by the two methods (hydrostatic weighing with/without head submersion), and the sum of V NH and pV H could validly estimate body composition, regardless of physical size. It is suggested that hydrostatic weighing without head submersion is a valid and convenient alternative technique. 相似文献
16.
Deborah B. Dowdy Kirk J. Cureton Harry P. Duval Harvey G. Ouzts 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):227-233
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic dance on physical work capacity, cardiovascular function and body composition of young middle-aged women. Maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O 2 max), heart rate during submaximal treadmill walking, resting heart rate and blood pressure, and body composition were determined before and after a 10-week aerobic dance conditioning program in 28 women (18 experimental and 10 control), aged 25 to 44 years. During the 10-week treatment period, the experimental subjects participated in 45 min of aerobic dance at 70–85% of the heart rate reserve, 3 days · week –1,whereas the control group did not participate in any regular strenuous physical activity. Changes in the experimental group were significantly greater than in the control group for [Vdot]O 2 max expressed in 1 · min –1 or relative to body weight or fat-free weight (5 to 7% vs. – 5 to – 8%), time on a continuous grade-incremented walking treadmill test (16% vs. 1%), heart rate during submaximal stages of the treadmill test (– 9% vs. 1%) and resting heart rate (– 8% vs. 2%). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure; body weight; percent fat, fat weight, and fat-free weight estimated using underwater weighing; sum of seven skinfolds; and sum of seven circumferences did not change significantly in either group. It was concluded that aerobic dance performed 30–45 min, 3 days · week –1 for 10 weeks significantly improves physical work capacity and cardiovascular function, but without dietary control, does not alter body composition in sedentary middle-aged women. 相似文献
17.
目的运动干预对学生身体形态及素质有重要影响,为了更准确地了解有氧运动的强度不同是否有不同的监控体重的效果。方法采用两种不同有氧强度的运动干预方案探讨对超重、肥胖女大学生身体形态、身体循环机能和身体素质的影响。结果和结论运动干预前后,超重、肥胖女大学生各身体形态指标均值均有显著性下降。运动干预后,BMI指标下降最为明显(P<0.05),肥胖组女生WHR指标受大强度运动干预影响较大(P<0.05)。不同运动强度对超重、肥胖女大学生身体循环机能的显著性影响仅体现在大强度运动对各组内女生舒张压指标的影响(P<0.05)和中等强度运动干预对肥胖组女生舒张压的影响(P<0.05),对超重、肥胖学生减脂降重有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
18.
Ron Maughan 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):663-664
The aims of this study were to assess the validity and reliability of body volume and percent body fat determined by sulphur hexafluoride dilution, using underwater weighing as the criterion method, and to determine the influence of the magnitude of body volume. Thirty-one healthy Japanese individuals aged 18-27 years (16 males: height 1.70 - 0.06 m, mass 64.8 - 7.7 kg; 15 females: height 1.60 - 0.05 m, mass 55.2 - 6.2 kg; mean - s) participated in the study. Sulphur hexafluoride dilution measures the concentration of sulphur hexafluoride gas in the chamber (BSF-200, Shimazu Corp.). Underwater weighing was performed five times using a weight scale (AD-6204, A&;D) after residual volume had been determined (System9, Minato Medical Corp.). There were no significant differences in the mean between two trials for body volume, body density or percent body fat determined by sulphur hexafluoride dilution. The intra-class correlation coefficient of these variables ranged from 0.985 to 0.999. The results suggest that sulphur hexafluoride dilution is a reliable method for assessing body composition. There was no significant difference in body volume or percent body fat between sulphur hexafluoride dilution (males: 61.3 - 7.6 litres, 18.4 - 6.7%; females: 52.8 - 6.9 litres, 21.0 - 8.9%) and underwater weighing (males: 60.6 - 7.0 litres, 15.6 - 3.5%; females: 53.0 - 6.5 litres, 23.7 - 6.1%) and there was a high correlation between the two ( r = 0.997, P ? 0.05). A Bland-Altman plot of the difference between percent body fat estimated by underwater weighing and sulphur hexafluoride dilution versus average percent body fat by the two methods showed no systematic difference (mean difference =- 0.12 - 6.6 kg). The upper and lower limits of agreement were 13.2% and-13.4%, respectively. Determination by sulphur hexafluoride dilution resulted in both over- and underestimations in body volume and the difference between the two body volumes (determined by underwater weighing and by sulphur hexafluoride dilution) was inversely proportional to the mean body volume by the two methods. This suggests that improvements need to be made to the device or to the technique to maintain a constant volume of sulphur hexafluoride in the chamber. 相似文献
19.
Validity and reliability of body composition assessed by the sulphur hexafluoride dilution method 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The aims of this study were to assess the validity and reliability of body volume and percent body fat determined by sulphur hexafluoride dilution, using underwater weighing as the criterion method, and to determine the influence of the magnitude of body volume. Thirty-one healthy Japanese individuals aged 18-27 years (16 males: height 1.70 +/- 0.06 m, mass 64.8 +/- 7.7 kg; 15 females: height 1.60 +/- 0.05 m, mass 55.2 +/- 6.2 kg; mean +/- s) participated in the study. Sulphur hexafluoride dilution measures the concentration of sulphur hexafluoride gas in the chamber (BSF-200, Shimazu Corp.). Underwater weighing was performed five times using a weight scale (AD-6204, A&D) after residual volume had been determined (System9, Minato Medical Corp.). There were no significant differences in the mean between two trials for body volume, body density or percent body fat determined by sulphur hexafluoride dilution. The intra-class correlation coefficient of these variables ranged from 0.985 to 0.999. The results suggest that sulphur hexafluoride dilution is a reliable method for assessing body composition. There was no significant difference in body volume or percent body fat between sulphur hexafluoride dilution (males: 61.3 +/- 7.6 litres, 18.4 +/- 6.7%; females: 52.8 +/- 6.9 litres, 21.0 +/- 8.9%) and underwater weighing (males: 60.6 +/- 7.0 litres, 15.6 +/- 3.5%; females: 53.0 +/- 6.5 litres, 23.7 +/- 6.1%) and there was a high correlation between the two (r = 0.997, P < 0.05). A Bland-Altman plot of the difference between percent body fat estimated by underwater weighing and sulphur hexafluoride dilution versus average percent body fat by the two methods showed no systematic difference (mean difference = -0.12 +/- 6.6 kg). The upper and lower limits of agreement were 13.2% and -13.4%, respectively. Determination by sulphur hexafluoride dilution resulted in both over- and underestimations in body volume and the difference between the two body volumes (determined by underwater weighing and by sulphur hexafluoride dilution) was inversely proportional to the mean body volume by the two methods. This suggests that improvements need to be made to the device or to the technique to maintain a constant volume of sulphur hexafluoride in the chamber. 相似文献