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What are the most surprising, most impressive and most exciting matches in the history of the highest division of English football? Fans, clubs, critics and broadcasters often attempt to interpret and compare the outcomes of football matches. This can be useful as a means of building a reputation for and interest in a particular club, match or competition. However, such analysis is often subjective with fan bias, personal preference and the prize on offer influencing expectation and interpretation of the results. In this paper statistical measures are developed to identify the most surprising, most impressive and most exciting outcomes from an objective ex post point of view. To achieve this it is assumed that goal scoring in soccer can approximately be considered as a Poisson process. First, the most surprising outcomes are estimated as those with the lowest Poisson probability to occur. Second, the most impressive outcomes are identified by their so-called Skellam percentile position. This measure varies between 0 and 1 and has a close relationship with the p-value in statistical testing. Finally, the most exciting match is identified by measuring the variability in the win expectancy during a match. 相似文献
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浅谈少儿（趣味）田径运动对田径运动文化的传承作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
姜东 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2011,29(1):27-29
为了更好地在全世界发展田径运动,2000年国际田联和德国田联共同推出了＂少儿（趣味）田径＂这一田径运动的新形式,目前在欧美等发达国家的教育机构中已被广泛采用,成为当前最权威、最科学、最系统的少儿体育教育活动方案。我国于2008年开始进行试点逐步在全国小学推广这一田径运动新形式。全国首期开展此运动的是省市重点学校并已经达到近百所。本文将简要介绍少儿（趣味）田径项目并简要论述其对我国田径运动文化的传承起到的作用。 相似文献
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通过录像观察法,对2012年欧洲杯足球赛决赛阶段31场比赛76个进球的统计分析研究,结果表明：在进攻方式上,快速反击进球最多,定位球进球最少;快速反击第4时段进球最多.在进攻路线上,中路进攻进球最多,定位球进球最少;边路进攻的快速反击进球要明显多于阵地进攻.在进球前传球次数上,进球前1次传球进球最多,8次传球以后进球逐渐减少.在进球前获得球权方式上,中场抢断次数最多,其次是后场和前场抢断;前锋和中场队员进球最多的来自于中场抢断,后卫进球最多的来自于后场抢断. 相似文献
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文章对33名长拳运动员进行了运动损伤的调查分析。调查表明:长拳运动员具有发病率高、急性损伤多、四肢伤多、骨性伤多的特点。文章在调查的基础上,对损伤的性质、原因进行了分析,旨在探讨长拳运动员损伤发生的规律及防治对策。 相似文献
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冯奇荣 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2011,29(5):47-50
运用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法,对漳州市广场健身情况进行调查。研究发现：锻炼者以中老年人居多,而且女性多于男性;锻炼时间主要选择在早晨和晚上,在季节上则依次为夏季、秋季和春季,冬季较少;主要的锻炼地点是广场公园、体育场和小区周围空地;组织形式多是自发,动机多元化;锻炼项目多样,但主要以健身舞为主;大部分人未接受专门技术指导,锻炼处于一种盲从的状态。因此,一方面政府应重视全民健身运动,积极倡导并加大投入,做好健身场地设施规划、建设和管理工作。另一方面加强居民科学健身意识,合理组织居民健身。 相似文献
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速度耐力跑运动员乳酸耐受训练的理论与实践 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
万文君 《西安体育学院学报》2002,19(1):51-53
运用文献资料法 ,旨在讨论以提高机体乳酸缓冲能力和无氧酶活性为主要目标的乳酸耐受训练 ,以及以提高糖酵解供能能力和机体耐酸能力为主要目标的最大乳酸耐受训练。结果表明 ,通过乳酸耐受训练可以最大程度地动用无氧糖酵解供能系统 ,使之尽可能最多地消耗糖原以利用超量补偿原理增加糖原储量 ,尽可能最多地使用无氧酶以提高其含量与活性 ,尽可能多地生成乳酸以提高大脑皮质对酸性环境的耐受能力。同时还论述了应用这两种方法时在训练思路、训练强度、间歇时间安排上的主要差异 ,以及蕴于其中的理论基础。 相似文献
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Alan L. Smith Diane L. Gill Debra J. Crews Regina Hopewell Don W. Morgan 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):142-150
The purpose of this investigation was twofold: (a) to compare most and least economical runners on use of attentional strategies and (b) to determine whether the least economical runners within the subject sample could improve running economy (RE) with the use of an active associative (relaxation) attentional strategy. Subjects (N = 36) completed an initial assessment of attentional style and RE; then the 12 least economical runners ran in each of three laboratory sessions using control, passive associative, and active associative attentional strategies. Results showed that the most economical and least economical runners did not differ in associative style use. The most economical runners, however, reported less dissociation use and more use of relaxation than did the least economical runners. No significant physiological or psychological changes were associated with any of the three attentional strategy conditions. The findings are related to possible differences in how most and least economical runners use associative strategies. 相似文献
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棒、垒球运动员流畅心理状态的主要特征研究 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
结合我国运动员运动竞赛的亲身体验，重新翻译和检验《流畅状态量表》。通过对200名棒垒球运动员的调查，结果发现，棒垒球运动员流畅心理状态最主要的四个特征是：挑战一技能平衡、行动一意识融合、高度控制感和自我意识的丧失；运动员流畅心理状态主要特征与比赛成绩高度相关；棒垒球运动员流畅心理状态的结构特点为：流畅心理较低型占总人数的3396，优秀型和良好型共占总人数的6796；棒垒球运动员流畅心理状态具有一定的稳定性，流畅心理状态主要特征中心坐标95％置信区间值可作为运动员流畅心理水平的评价标准。 相似文献
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针对 2 0 0 1年广西少年儿童游泳比赛运动员技术犯规多的问题 ,采用现场记录、赛后走访调查、数理统计方法。对各单位参赛人数与犯规人数进行百分比统计 ,记录各项目的犯规情况并作分类 ,发现 2 0 0m个人混合泳犯规最多 ,其次是仰泳和蛙泳 ,而且犯规相对集中在 10岁、11～ 12岁年龄 ,从游泳比赛的技术分段统计分析 ,转身段犯规最多 ,占本次比赛技术犯规的 6 6 %。 相似文献
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James R. Morrow Jr. Andrew S. Jackson William W. Hosler Janyce K. Kachurik 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):429-437
Various anthropometric, strength, and speed variables were obtained on 180 intercollegiate women volleyball players who participated in a regional round-robin tournament. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors underlying the motor performance of the women and then determine if there was any relationship between the factors and team success. Factor analysis of the measured variables showed that the variables could be dimensioned as body size, speed/fat, and strength. Multiple discriminant analysis showed that the teams were significantly different on the factors of strength and speed/fat. Team centroids were plotted in two-dimensional discriminant space, and this graphic representation showed that the stronger, faster, and leaner teams were the most successful in tournament play. The results showed that the basic factors of speed/fat and strength were related to team success. Multiple discriminant analysis helped to identify the two most important individual variables for team success. Upper body strength and fat weight were identified as most important in differentiating between players of the most and least successful teams. 相似文献
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素质教育的重要特征之一,就是要面向全体学生.通过对各类学生的了解认识,掌握其特点,有的放矢地进行引导教育和因材施教,使学生扬长避短获得最佳发展. 相似文献
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第17届世界杯足球赛进球特征分析 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
通过电视直播观察统计，对17届世界杯足球赛64场比赛共161个进球特征的研究与分析。结果表明，球门区正面20m区域是进球最佳区域；比赛60～90min时段是进球的高峰期；中路配合进攻成为最有效的进球方式；前锋队员进球最多；脚内侧射门进球率最高；左脚射门居多，且效果明显。 相似文献
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大学生有氧代谢运动与健康的实验研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
通过对大学生的有氧代谢运动的跟踪研究,结果证明。12min跑测验列入高校体育必修课考试项目,可以推动广大学生参加有氧代谢运动。提高心肺机能。与有关资料比较,浙工大96级学生的有氧代谢能力是好的。通过肺活量测定值的横向比较和肺活量指数的纵向对比实验。证明浙工大二年级(96级)学生的有氧代谢能力明显好于一年级阶段。随着体育必修课结束。大学生参加有氧代谢运动的人次明显减少。心肺机能水平随之显下降。因此。如何完善高校体育社团组织。引导大学生积极参加有氧代谢运动为主的健身运动．是高校体育的发展趋势。 相似文献
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李茂科 《徐州教育学院学报》2003,18(1):75-76
幼儿园幸福课程实验是满足幼儿终极需要的实验，教师在实验操作过程中，应把握幸福教育是为儿童一生幸福打基础的教育，幸福不等于快乐，幼儿幸福教育需要教师指导并与克服困难相联系。 相似文献
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武术教师是全国各高等体育院校武术专业人才的主要竞争岗位,然而事实却告诉我们,真正能胜任该职位的学生并非多数。因此,我们必须严谨地面对这个并不乐观的现状,深入到武术教学活动中,分析问题解决问题,并有针对性地对武术专业的学生进行能力培养。 相似文献
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Dan Southard 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):652-666
In two separate experiments, this study examined changes in motor pattern and performance accuracy when low-level throwers focused on internal variables, external variables, and/or velocity of throw. In Experiment 1 the task goal was to improve the throwing pattern. In Experiment 2 the task goal was to throw as accurately as possible at a target. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that increasing velocity was most effective for changing the throwing pattern, with external focus more effective than internal focus. The results of Experiment 2 indicated that external focus was the most accurate condition and increasing velocity was most effective for changing the throwing pattern. 相似文献
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Southard D 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(4):652-666
In two separate experiments, this study examined changes in motor pattern and performance accuracy when low-level throwers focused on internal variables, external variables, and/or velocity of throw. In Experiment 1 the task goal was to improve the throwing pattern. In Experiment 2 the task goal was to throw as accurately as possible at a target. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that increasing velocity was most effective for changing the throwing pattern, with external focus more effective than internal focus. The results of Experiment 2 indicated that external focus was the most accurate condition and increasing velocity was most effective for changing the throwing pattern. 相似文献
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对台湾宋江阵的传入途径、表演特色以及发展状况等问题进行了研究。研究结果表明：海峡两岸宋江阵同出一源，台湾宋江阵是由祖国大陆“传台”的，台湾宋江阵的繁荣正是两岸文化同源同根的一个铁证；台湾宋江阵的表演形式依宋江阵的大小，有36人阵、72人阵、108人阵等，现今的宋江阵以36人阵最多；宋江阵的道具除了兵器外，另有乐器及谢篮；宋江阵是台湾南部地区庙会最常见阵容最强大的表演队伍，尤以高雄县内门乡宋江阵最具代表性。宋江阵也开始走入台湾校园，逐步走上了庙会、旅游观光以及学校教育等三方面结合的发展之路。 相似文献
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略论我国社区体育的现代发展 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
社区体育是我国体育事业的重要组成部分，它作为开展全民健身运动的最有效途径受到人们的普遍重视。对社区体育的意义、特点及其在现代生活中的作用进行探讨，分析我国社区体育中存在的问题，探寻相关的解决办法与发展对策，在此基础上对我国社区体育的现代发展作出展望。 相似文献