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1.
运用ISOMED 2000等速肌力系统对杭州绿城足球俱乐部18名运动员下肢膝关节肌力进行测试。为教练员进一步了解运动员主要专项肌群的实际能力和训练水平,同时出为足球运动员专项力量训练提供科学依据。结果表明:①足球运动员膝关节左右两侧屈肌发展不平衡,提示足球运动员需要加强膝关节屈肌的训练。②在角速度60°/s条件下足球运动员左侧膝关节屈肌峰力矩/伸肌峰力矩(H/Q)不合理,容易造成膝关节损伤,在力量训练中需要注意屈伸肌群合理发展。③足球运动员在下肢力量训练和其他专项训练中应该提高动作速度以提高肌群整体做功功率。  相似文献   

2.
目的:了解在常规力量训练基础附加核心力量训练及振动训练方法对国家女子篮球队18名运动员腰背、膝关节、踝关节等速肌力的影响。方法:采用Pneu VIBE振动训练台对国家女子篮球运动员进行振动刺激力量训练,振动频率为25~40 Hz,同时进行核心区肌力训练。经过12周系统的力量训练,应用IsoMed 2000等速测试训练仪器对女子篮球运动员腰腹、膝、踝关节屈伸肌群进行等速力量测试分析。结果:经过12周综合力量训练,女子篮球运动员腰背等速肌力明显上升,屈肌峰力矩(PT)增加了14.35%,背伸肌力量增加了15.65%,差异具有显著性。而下肢力量膝关节峰力矩、屈伸肌峰力矩比率(H/Q)无显著变化。踝关节研究发现,左踝背屈峰力矩训练后稍有减弱,跖屈肌峰力矩以及跖屈/背屈比无显著变化。结论:在常规力量训练中增加先进的核心区训练可有效增加女子篮球运动员腰腹肌力,而振动训练以提高踝、膝关节肌力的方法的有效性需要进一步研究。  相似文献   

3.
目的:分析功能性力量训练对男子自由式摔跤运动员膝关节等速肌力的影响。对象与方法:运用实验法,以16名广东省男子自由式摔跤队运动员为研究对象,随机分为对照组和实验组并将其分别进行为期8周的训练干预,其中对照组进行常规力量训练,实验组进行功能性力量训练,实验前后分别测试所有运动员的膝关节等速肌力,选取峰值力矩(PT)、异侧同名肌比值(PTR)和同侧屈伸肌比值(H/Q)指标比较分析功能性训练在提高男子自由式摔跤运动员下肢力量素质的影响。结果:实验组运动员经过功能性力量训练,等速肌力测试在角速度60°/s和240°/s状态下,下肢双侧屈肌PT和伸肌PT较实验前均有非常显著性提高(P<0.01),屈伸肌PTR及左右侧H/Q也均有非常显著性提高(P<0.01)。对照组运动员经过传统力量训练,等速肌力测试在角速度60°/s和240°/s状态下,下肢双侧屈肌和伸肌PT值较实验前均有显著性提高(P<0.01),但是左右侧H/Q及屈伸肌PTR均无显著性变化(P>0.05)。实验后在角速度60°/s状态下,实验组运动员膝关节两侧伸肌PT与对照组相比均无显著性差异(P>0.05),但是两侧屈肌PT值均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在角速度240°/s状态下实验组左侧伸肌PT值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),右侧伸肌PT值虽高于对照组,但是差异不显著(P>0.05),左右侧的屈肌PT值均非常显著高于对照组(P<0.01);实验组运动员的屈伸肌PTR及左右侧的H/Q均非常显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:功能性训练可以显著提高男子自由式摔跤运动员的下肢肌肉最大力量和快速力量素质,在最大力量训练效果方面与传统力量训练相比差异不大,但是在快速力量方面提高效果要更好;功能性力量训练能够有效提高自由式摔跤运动员的异侧同名肌比值和屈伸肌比值,对改善运动员两侧肌肉力量不对称和同侧屈伸肌力量不对称方面效果也比传统力量训练效果更好,对运动员膝关节肌群肌力的平衡有着重要作用。  相似文献   

4.
为了解我国高水平女子散打运动员不同赛前时期膝关节屈伸肌等动力量的水平与特征,选择上海体育学院女子散打运动员19名作为研究对象,选取整个赛前集训中一个周期的训练作为训练周期,按经典分期理论进行训练分期。等速肌力的测试采用CONTREX等动测试系统,以向心和离心60°/s的恒定角速度下进行右膝关节测试,同时测试0.2s快速屈伸时的最大伸肌力矩。研究结果:优秀女子散打运动员屈肌相对峰力矩值是(1.13±0.15)Nm/kg,伸肌相对峰力矩值为(2.11±0.33)Nm/kg,屈伸肌力矩比值是(53.0±4.0)%,比赛期达到最高值。健将级女子散打运动员的0.2s最大相对屈肌力矩为(1.053±0.207)Nm/kg,伸肌相对最大力矩健将级为(1.795±0.295)Nm/kg。结论:运动员水平越高,膝关节屈肌力量越高,屈伸肌力矩比值越大,不同赛期屈肌力量不同,比赛期达到最高。  相似文献   

5.
采用等速测试和平衡测试方法,对我国优秀自由式滑雪空中技巧女子运动员的髋关节、膝关节屈肌力和伸肌力以及4种站姿下的静态平衡能力特征进行研究。结果表明髋关节右侧屈伸肌力、屈伸肌力比、平均功率值稍大于左侧屈肌力量,膝关节伸肌左、右侧单位体重峰力矩和左、右侧平均功率4个指标数值均大于屈肌,在60°/s(慢速)和240°/s(快速)不同的测试速度下,单位体重屈伸峰力矩、屈伸平均功率、屈伸肌力、平均功率随着测试速度的增加出现了显著性差异;正常双脚站立的平衡性大于单脚站立的平衡性。建议合理控制体重及均衡的训练肌肉力量,在适度提高运动速度的情况下,加强下肢伸肌力量的训练,为运动员进行针对性的力量训练、训练后肌肉效果的评价、运动员选材提供科学依据及有价值的理论参考。  相似文献   

6.
优秀水球运动员膝关节肌群等速向心收缩力量特征研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
利用等速测试及康复系统对优秀水球运动员膝关节肌群进行等速向心收缩测试与分析,结果发现,峰力矩可作为评价水球运动员膝关节肌力大小的一个敏感指标,峰力矩值越大,肌肉做功能力越强,做功效率越高。水球运动员膝关节慢速肌力与快速肌力呈非常显著相关,其左右膝关节肌力相当平衡,快速屈伸肌比率大于慢速屈伸肌,屈肌的慢速力量较弱。  相似文献   

7.
对 12名青少年女子举重运动员进行了专项成绩测验和下肢髋、膝、踝 3个关节的等速屈伸肌力的测试。通过相关分析 ,探讨了青少年女子举重运动员下肢力量水平与专项成绩之间的关系。结果表明 ,举重专项成绩与髋关节伸肌力矩、膝关节伸肌力矩、踝关节跖屈肌力矩的大小有关  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨传统力量训练结合Stat.-Coord模式训练对陕西省跆拳道运动员膝、踝关节的力量及踝关节本体感受器感觉特征的影响。方法以陕西省跆拳道运动员16名为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,对照组8名运动员进行传统的肌肉力量训练,实验组8名运动员除进行传统的肌肉力量训练外,还采用ISDMED2000等速测试系统的Stat.-Coord模式训练进行力量训练。在实验前后分别在60°/s以及240°/s条件下测试2组运动员膝、踝关节的屈/伸肌群的向心/离心峰值力矩、平均功率、做功值以及实验前后踝关节的本体感觉,并对训练效果进行分析比较。结果两种力量训练方法对于受试运动员的膝关节屈伸肌群的向心力量均有显著地增加,实验组的力量训练模式对于提高其膝关节屈/伸肌群的离心力量具有显著性差异,对照组膝关节屈/伸肌群的离心力量有一定的提高,但是不具有显著差异;实验组的力量训练方法对于提高运动员踝关节跖/背屈的向心/离心力量具有显著效果,对照组虽有一定的提高,但是不具有显著性差异;实验前后实验组踝关节背屈和跖屈的回复角度差值之间有显著性差异。结论传统的训练方法对陕西省优秀跆拳道队员的膝关节屈伸肌群的向心力量有显著性的提高,对踝关节跖/背屈的向心力量有所提高,但是不具有显著性差异;传统力量训练结合Stat.-Coord模式训练对陕西省优秀跆拳道运动员膝关节屈/伸肌群的离心力量、踝关节的向心/离心力量以及踝关节本体感受能力的提高具有显著的效果。Stat.-Coord模式训练最大区别在于该模式增加了解决膝关节屈伸肌群离心力量训练手段不足、踝关节训练负荷不足以及关节活动范围不足的问题,并通过该模式的训练有效改善了膝关节屈伸肌群的离心力量,踝关节跖/背屈肌群的力量,以及踝关节本体感受器的敏感程度。  相似文献   

9.
目的研究篮球运动员下肢膝关节肌力在疲劳状态下的变化,以便加强容易疲劳肌群的力量训练。方法研究选择高水平女篮11名运动员为受试者,采用等速肌力测试系统测定膝关节正常状态和疲劳状态下的屈伸肌力及做功情况。结果篮球运动员在运动中更容易导致屈肌产生疲劳,左侧下肢膝关节屈肌的总功力量存在明显差异性。结论篮球运动更容易引起膝关节屈肌产生疲劳,加强屈肌的肌肉力量训练对提高篮球运动员专项力量将有很大帮助。  相似文献   

10.
随着中国健美操竞技水平的提高,及新规则的改革与要求。健美操不仅需要提升难度,更需要动作质量的高度完成。复合动作需要运动员拥有更好的身体素质,对于下肢力量拥有极高的要求。方法:选取中国健美操运动员22名,选用IsoMed2000等速测试系统,采用60°/s、180°/s两种角速度,测试模式选择向心-向心测试模式,对其膝关节进行等速肌力的分析。结论 (1)在进行快速等速180°/速度测试时,国家健美操运动员的膝关节右侧屈肌力量显著高于左侧屈肌力量,表明当运动员进行快速运动时,双侧膝关节肌力不平衡;(2)当进行180°/速度测试时,竞技组健美操运动员右侧屈肌力量、H/Q强于左侧屈肌力量,表明在快速运动状态下,双侧膝关节肌力不平衡;(3)健美操运动员左右膝关节屈伸比H/Q均较低,需要对膝关节屈肌进行力量训练,主要是以快速力量为主,以提高H/Q的比值,来有效预防膝关节损伤。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscular strength in terms of knee extension and flexion, hip extension and flexion, and hip abduction and adduction among well-trained soccer players. Fourteen university soccer players participated in the study, who had previously been divided into two groups based on ability (Group A: above-average ability; Group B: average ability). Maximal isokinetic and concentric muscular strength was measured in knee extension/flexion, hip extension/flexion and hip abduction/adduction using an isokinetic dynamometer at 1.57 and 4.19 rad·s?1 (3.14 rad·s?1) in both the dominant and non-dominant leg. The CSAs of the thigh, gluteus muscles and iliopsoas muscles were calculated based on magnetic resonance imaging. There was no significant difference between the two groups in muscle CSA and isokinetic strength. Although there were some statistically significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg in terms of CSA and strength (P<0.05–0.01), these were small and negligible. Apart from a non-significant relationship between the CSAs of the adductor muscles and hip adductor strength (r<0.26, n.s.), the CSA of the other muscle groups correlated with maximal isokinetic strength (r=0.38–0.64, P<0.05). These results suggest that no difference in muscle characteristics (in terms of muscle CSA and strength) was apparent among well-trained soccer players, even between the dominant and non-dominant leg. There is also a case that the anatomical function of a single (or group of) muscle(s) may not be reflected by the strength—CSA relationship depending on the movements (such as hip adduction-adductor muscle CSA). Thus, further studies are required to develop methods to assess neuromuscular function in relation to muscle morphology among soccer players.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscular strength in terms of knee extension and flexion, hip extension and flexion, and hip abduction and adduction among well-trained soccer players. Fourteen university soccer players participated in the study, who had previously been divided into two groups based on ability (Group A: above-average ability; Group B: average ability). Maximal isokinetic and concentric muscular strength was measured in knee extension/flexion, hip extension/flexion and hip abduction/adduction using an isokinetic dynamometer at 1.57 and 4.19 rad x s(-1) (3.14 rad x s(-1)) in both the dominant and non-dominant leg. The CSAs of the thigh, gluteus muscles and iliopsoas muscles were calculated based on magnetic resonance imaging. There was no significant difference between the two groups in muscle CSA and isokinetic strength. Although there were some statistically significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg in terms of CSA and strength (P < 0.05-0.01), these were small and negligible. Apart from a non-significant relationship between the CSAs of the adductor muscles and hip adductor strength (r < 0.26, N.S.), the CSA of the other muscle groups correlated with maximal isokinetic strength (r = 0.38-0.64, P < 0.05). These results suggest that no difference in muscle characteristics (in terms of muscle CSA and strength) was apparent among well-trained soccer players, even between the dominant and non-dominant leg. There is also a case that the anatomical function of a single (or group of) muscle(s) may not be reflected by the strength-CSA relationship depending on the movements (such as hip adduction-adductor muscle CSA). Thus, further studies are required to develop methods to assess neuromuscular function in relation to muscle morphology among soccer players.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

Match-induced fatigue of knee muscle strength and agonist-antagonist strength-ratios may affect both performance and risk of injury in soccer players. Once explosive tasks are imperative in soccer as well as hamstring strain injuries occur during high-velocity moments, rapid force capacity of this muscle group is especially important. This study evaluated the effect of match-induced fatigue on knee muscle strength and strength-ratio parameters after a single professional soccer match. Male professional soccer players (n?=?16; 24.2?±?3.9 years) were tested before and after a soccer match (56.2?±?22.6?min of playing) for knee flexors (hamstring) and extensors (quadriceps) isometric peak torque (MVC) and rate of torque development (RTD) – as well as the hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio (H:Q) – at 30° of knee flexion. Knee injuries often occur at this joint angle, which is common in sprinting, pivoting, sidecutting, and jumping. Match-induced fatigue caused a left shift in the knee extensors torque-time curve with no significant change in both early (i.e. 0–50?ms) and late (i.e. 0–200?ms) RTD, and a right shift in the knee flexors torque-time curve with a decrease in early RTD (~16%, p?=?.029) and late RTD (~11%, p?=?.011). Knee extensors and knee flexors peak torque remained unchanged (p?>?.05). Early RTD H:Q decreased by~24% (p?=?.027), while late RTD H:Q and MVC H:Q remained unchanged (p?>?.05). In conclusion, match-induced fatigue impaired the ability to rapidly produce force at an angle where injuries are most susceptible to occur. Important information is missed if only the traditional H:Q is considered.  相似文献   

14.
青少年男子篮球运动员膝关节等速肌力特征研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过对36名二级青少年男子篮球运动员双侧膝关节进行等速测试,探析青少年篮球运动员膝关节向心屈伸肌群的生物力学特性,为运动训练、科学选材及临床康复等提供理论依据.方法:利用 Kinitech等速康复肌力测试系统,对青少年男子篮球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试.结果表明:青少年男子篮球运动员双侧膝关节屈伸峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势,且膝伸肌大于膝屈肌(P<0.05),峰力矩屈伸比(F/E)随给定测试速度的增加呈递增趋势;最大功率随测试速度的增大而增加,同一测试速度下屈、伸肌群最大功率无明显差异,左、右侧相比也无显著性差异(60°/s伸肌除外);屈伸肌群达峰力矩的角度(APT)表现为伸肌角度明显低于屈肌角度,随速度增加左右两侧膝关节达峰力矩的角度无显著差异;双侧膝关节屈伸肌群达峰力矩的时间(TPT)随测试速度的增加而减小,同一测试速度下伸肌达峰力矩的时间大于屈肌;右侧膝关节屈肌相对峰力矩(PT/BM)与下肢形态学指标表现出不同程度的正相关.本研究结论,青少年男子篮球运动员膝关节峰力矩变化规律与成年人相一致,但左右侧膝关节屈伸肌群做功能力发展不平衡,屈伸肌群运动达峰力矩角度、达峰力矩的时间存在显著差异.  相似文献   

15.
方法:利用CONTREX等速肌力测试与训练系统,以180°/s、120°/s、60°/s3种角速度对苏州市自行车训练队26名运动员右腿膝关节进行等速向心屈伸测试。目的:分析自行车运动员不同角速度下等速向心收缩与膝关节肌肌力的关系及肌力特征。结果:1、屈伸肌峰力矩随速度的增加呈减小趋势。2、到达峰力矩的时间随测试速度的增加而缩短。且男女运动员在180°/s与120°/s组间均无显著差异。3、膝关节相对平均功率伸肌均大于屈肌,120°/ts时,屈伸肌的相对平均功率最大。4、屈伸肌比在64.8%~70.6%内,有随速度增加而增加的趋势。结论:以60°/s的角速度训练肌肉最大力量效果更明显;爆发力在120°/s时训练效果最佳;屈/伸肌比值(H/Q)在正常范围内,但低于优秀运动员(优秀运动员可达80%以上)。  相似文献   

16.
Abstract

The aim of this study was to test the correlation between knee-to-hip flexion ratio during a single leg landing task and hip and knee strength, and ankle range of motion. Twenty-four male participants from a professional soccer team performed a continuous single leg jump-landing test during 10s, while lower limb kinematics data were collected using a motion analysis system. After biomechanical testing, maximal isometric hip (abduction, extension, external rotation), knee extension and flexion strength were measured. Maximum ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was assessed statically using the weight bearing lunge test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the associations between the predictor variables (knee and hip strength, and ankle ROM) and the main outcome measure (knee-to-hip flexion ratio). Correlation between knee-to-hip flexion ratio and hip abductors strength was significant (r = ?0.47; p = 0.019). No other significant correlations were observed among the variables (p > 0.05). These results demonstrated that a lower hip abductors strength in male soccer players was correlated with a high knee-to-hip flexion ratio during landing from a single leg jump, potentially increasing knee overload by decreasing energy absorption at the hip. The results provide a novel proposal for the functioning of hip muscles to control knee overload.  相似文献   

17.
目的:针对超重肥胖老年人进行循环训练运动干预设计,探讨循环训练对超重肥胖老年人下肢肌力及平衡能力的影响。方法:以34名老年女性为受试者,分为超重组和对照组,均坚持12周循环训练干预,比较干预前后两组受试者双侧下肢膝踝屈伸等速肌力、静动态平衡能力、计时"起立-行走"时间和Berg平衡量表得分情况。结果:运动干预12周后,两组下肢膝踝屈伸肌标准化峰值力矩、屈伸肌肌力比值和双侧肌力比值、静态与动态平衡能力、Berg平衡量表得分及计时"起立-行走"时间均有显著提高;且超重组的右膝伸肌标准化峰值力矩的提高程度明显高于对照组。结论:循环训练可以显著提高老年人的下肢肌力和平衡能力,且对提高超重肥胖老年人下肢伸肌肌力有更明显的改善效果,是预防老年人跌倒的有效运动方法。  相似文献   

18.
目的:通过对湖南师范大学9名北狮运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试,为揭示该项运动膝关节肌群收缩的生物力学特性提供实验依据。方法:采用BIODEX SYSTEM 3等速测试系统对湖南师范大学北狮运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试,测试指标为峰力矩、相对峰力矩、屈伸肌峰力矩比、平均功率及做功疲劳度。结果:1)北狮运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌峰力矩和相对峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势;2)狮头狮尾屈伸肌群峰力矩比值和做功疲劳度无显著性差异;3)狮头狮尾左右膝关节同一肌群峰力矩无显著性差异。结论:舞狮运动员膝关节肌群峰力矩变化随测试速度的增加而减少,平均功率呈现随运动速度的增加而增加,到达一定速度后随速度的增加而减少的特征。  相似文献   

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