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皮划艇运动员膳食营养调查与评价 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
经连续五天称重法进行的膳食营养调查发现，我省皮划艇运动员（男性）以膳食中实际获得的营养素跟供给量标准比较，总热量与各营养素的摄入量除维生素Ａ不足（仅占标准的７８．１％）外，其余均超标；三大热能营养素的比例不尽合理（蛋白质２０６．９克，脂肪１７１．５克，碳水化物７０２克分别占总热量的１６％、２９．８％和５４．２％），脂肪量偏高，碳水化合物相对不足。建议在食谱中增加主食、减少脂肪，同时补充维生素Ａ，从而保证皮划艇运动员能得到合理的营养。 相似文献
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研究目的：膳食营养是保证青少年营养索的需要和维持体能的最重要的物质基础,对训练起重要的保证作用。本研究通过调查福建省少体校的膳食状况,探讨青少年运动员对营养知识的掌握、饮食习惯的现状和膳食营养状况,为指导运动员合理膳食营养及开展营养知识宣传教育提供依据。研究方法：以福建省少体校运动员为对象,共268人。采用膳食调查和营养知识和饮食习惯的问卷调查;采用食物称重法,称量并记录每个运动员所吃主副食的熟重、剩余重量．计算出所吃食物生重。用软件计算出各种营养素摄入量及食物构成。将计算结果与运动员每日膳食营养供给标准。食物摄入供给标准进行比较做出一合理评价。研究结果：男、女青少年运动员的能量摄入量均不足,且三欠能源物质比例摄取不合理,碳水化合物不足,中餐、晚餐的能量摄入比例超标比例较高,早餐不足。运动员各种矿物质、维生素摄入相对不足,Ca．Fe、VA,VC幂阿程度地缺乏。始论与建议：1、加强碳水化合物-谷类食物的摄入;2、加强高钙食物的摄入;3、多吃蔬菜和水果,补充维生素。 相似文献
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通过对备战第12届全运会期间上海U18青年女足运动员进行全面的膳食营养调查,分析上海青年女足运动员膳食营养状况及存在的问题,并提出合理化建议。调查发现:(1)上海青年女足运动员三大营养素供能比不合理,主要表现在碳水化合物摄入不足、蛋白质及脂肪摄入过多;(2)上海青年女足运动员维生素A及B族维生素摄入不足,体内B族维生素不足现象较普遍;(3)上海青年女足运动员矿物质及微量元素摄入尚可;(4)上海青年女足运动员膳食纤维摄入不足、胆固醇摄入过高;(5)上海青年女足运动员膳食结构存在不合理问题;(6)食堂在烹饪时间、烹饪步骤及食品品种选择方面还有进一步提高的空间。 相似文献
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研究目的：探讨青少年运动员对营养知识的掌握、饮食习惯的现状和膳食营养状况,为指导运动员合理膳食营养及开展营养知识宣传教育提供依据。研究方法：以浦东新区青少年运动员为对象,共302人。采用膳食调查和营养知识和饮食习惯的问卷调查。研究结果：男、女青少年运动员的能量摄入量均不足,且三大能源物质比例摄取不合理;结论与建议：1加强供能物质谷类食物的摄入2加强钙的摄入3多吃蔬菜和水果,补充维生素。 相似文献
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湖北省重竞技运动队男运动员膳食状况综合评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的了解湖北省重竞技队男运动员营养摄入状况,对进一步改善膳食结构,促进竞技水平的提高提出建议。方法采用24h回顾法与称重法结合,对湖北省四个重竞技项目的男运动员的每日膳食进行记录,再进行各营养素摄入水平的分析。结果四个运动队普遍存在着总能量、蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入不足的问题;除举重队外其他三个队的优质蛋白质的比例都偏低;四个队的维生素A、维生素B1摄入不足;四个队均存在畜肉类摄入过多,薯类、淀粉类、蔬菜、水果、水产类和奶制品摄入不足的问题。结论目前湖北省重竞技队男运动员膳食存在不合理现象,重竞技运动员应在控制膳食摄入水平的同时,注意合理营养、平衡膳食。 相似文献
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在备战十运会的过程中,对山东省优秀举重运动员的赛前膳食进行了调查,并且利用“运动员及大众膳食营养分析与管理系统软件”进行分析,发现赛前运动员膳食中的问题并且及时解决,为运动员赛前减控体重和调整赛前状态提供依据。结果表明:运动员存在膳食摄入结构不合理现象,碳水化合物摄入不足,蛋白质脂肪摄入过高,部分维生素、矿物质摄入不足。 相似文献
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为促进我国短道速滑队优秀运动员膳食营养水平,并为运动员提供合理、平衡膳食的指导依据,对备战第21届温哥华冬奥会的6名优秀短道速滑运动员进行了膳食营养调查和分析,结果表明：全体运动员均摄入低热能高脂肪食物以利于高原训练,三餐配比符合运动项目的特点,膳食营养基本能满足运动员的日常训练消耗。存在问题主要是运动员维生素A、B1摄入不足,锌摄入量普遍低于推荐值。不足的营养可通过加餐和营养补剂强化。 相似文献
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竞技体育由于其自身的特点,对运动员的膳食营养有着特殊的要求。合理、均衡的营养对与运动员的体能状况、健康水平、都有着积极的促进作用,而且在一定程度上决定着运动员的运动成绩和运动能力。为了解沈阳体育学院竞技体校优秀运动员的维生素摄入情况,采用称重法对沈阳体育学院竞技体校优秀运动员进行为期五天的膳食调查。研究发现,沈阳体育学院竞技体校优秀运动员的维生素摄入情况如下：维生素A：1144．97mglKE,维生素E：39．26mg,维生素B1：2．1mg,维生素B2：1．52mg,维生素c：85．98mg,烟酸：19．04mg。其中只有维生素E的摄入量达到了运动员合理营养推荐量,烟酸的摄入量呈边缘性缺乏状态．其余的均没有达到相应的推荐量。 相似文献
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目的:研究我国游泳项目优秀运动员的膳食结构、营养状况及存在问题,提出营养保障措施。方法:对19名运动员进行为期3天的膳食调查,以及高原初期和后期的生化指标的测定,数据通过运动员营养软件统计处理进行分析。结果:30%的运动员总热能摄入量仅占推荐量的80%以下,尤其女运动员偏差较大,三大热源质比例为碳水化合物占41%,脂肪占42%;蛋白质占17%,三餐热能摄入比例不合理,蔬菜摄入总体显示不足。血象指标分析显示,血红蛋白提高者占63%,红细胞数提高者占68%,红细胞压积提高者占63%。运动员训练前、后体重变化平均在0.4～0.8kg之间,控体重的运动员血象指标出现下降的倾向,运动员平均摄水量为3.5l/d。结论:高原训练中,运动员的膳食监测和营养补充是提高运动能力的重要保障。 相似文献
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本文对陕西师范大学两个班学生进行了营养摄入与24小时能量消耗调查。结果发现,学生膳食结构不合理,动物性食物摄入过多,植物性食物摄入过少,蛋白质、脂肪摄入过量,纤维素摄入轻微的缺乏,钙摄入量不足,女生铁及维生素B12摄入不足。并存在零食摄入过多和三餐能量分配不合理的现象。女生能量摄入过多,男生基本处于平衡状态。建议改变膳食结构,多摄入蔬菜及豆制品,适量摄入动物内脏等食物。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary practices of soccer players of different ages. The diets of the members of four soccer teams (mean ages of 14.0, 15.0, 16.6 and 20.9 years, respectively) were examined. Our results show that the caloric intake per kilogram of body mass was significantly higher among the youngest players when compared with the adult players (P < 0.05). The contribution of carbohydrates to total energy intake was lower than that recommended for athletes. This contribution decreased with age from 47.4% of total energy intake for the 14-year-olds to 44.6% for the adult players. No significant differences in protein or total fat intake were detected among the teams examined. Overall, our results show that the nutritional intake of the soccer players was not optimal, and that this intake was poorer among the adult players than among the adolescents. On the basis of our results, we recommended that nutritional education should be given to soccer players at an early age and should continue throughout adolescence, not only with a view to improving performance but also to promoting more healthy dietary practices in the long term. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary practices of soccer players of different ages. The diets of the members of four soccer teams (mean ages of 14.0, 15.0, 16.6 and 20.9 years, respectively) were examined. Our results show that the caloric intake per kilogram of body mass was significantly higher among the youngest players when compared with the adult players (P 相似文献
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Physical training and competition in football markedly increase the need for macro- and micronutrient intake. This requirement can generally be met by dietary management without the need for dietary supplements. In fact, the efficacy of most supplements available on the market is unproven. In addition, players must be cautious of inadequate product labelling and supplement impurities that may cause a positive drug test. Nonetheless, a number of dietary supplements may beneficially affect football performance. A high endurance capacity is a prerequisite for optimal match performance, particularly if extra time is played. In this context, the potential of low-dose caffeine ingestion (2 - 5 mg . kg body mass(-1)) to enhance endurance performance is well established. However, in the case of football, care must be taken not to overdose because visual information processing might be impaired. Scoring and preventing goals as a rule requires production of high power output. Dietary creatine supplementation (loading dose: 15 - 20 g . day(-1), 4 - 5 days; maintenance dose: 2 - 5 g g . day(-1)) has been found to increase muscle power output, especially during intermittent sprint exercises. Furthermore, creatine intake can augment muscle adaptations to resistance training. Team success and performance also depend on player availability, and thus injury prevention and health maintenance. Glucosamine or chondroitin may be useful in the treatment of joint pain and osteoarthritis, but there is no evidence to support the view that the administration of these supplements will be preventative. Ephedra-containing weight-loss cocktails should certainly be avoided due to reported adverse health effects and positive doping outcomes. Finally, the efficacy of antioxidant or vitamin C intake in excess of the normal recommended dietary dose is equivocal. Responses to dietary supplements can vary substantially between individuals, and therefore the ingestion of any supplement must be assessed in training before being used in competition. It is recommended that dietary supplements are only used based on the advice of a qualified sports nutrition professional. 相似文献
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现代五项运动中的游泳、击剑和跑射联项对运动员的体能要求很高,合理的营养补充对运动员体能的恢复和储备起着关键作用。本研究采用Senseware Armband便携式能量代谢仪记录4名重点运动员训练期能量消耗,同时称重法记录膳食摄入能量,探究重点运动员训练期能量消耗和膳食摄入特点,制定符合此运动员自身特点的个性化食谱。 相似文献
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Naoyuki Ebine Hoby Hasina Rafamantanantsoa Youichirou Nayuki Kunio Yamanaka Kouzou Tashima Takeshi Ono 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):391-397
To determine the daily energy requirements of professional soccer players during a competitive season, we measured total energy expenditure in seven players (age 22.1 - 1.9 years, height 1.75 - 0.05 m, mass 69.8 - 4.7 kg; mean - s ) using the doubly labelled water method. Energy intake was simultaneously estimated from 7 day self-report dietary records. Mean total energy expenditure and energy intake were 14.8 - 1.7 MJ · day -1 (3532 - 408 kcal· day -1 ) and 13.0 - 2.4 MJ · day -1 (3113 - 581 kcal· day -1 ), respectively. Although there was a significant difference between total energy expenditure and energy intake ( P ? 0.01), there was a strong relationship between the two ( r = 0.893, P ? 0.01). Basal metabolic rate and recommended energy allowance calculated from the Recommended Dietary Allowances for the Japanese were 7.0 - 0.3 MJ ·day -1 (1683 - 81 kcal· day -1 ) and 15.6 - 0.8 MJ · day -1 (3739 - 180 kcal· day -1 ), respectively. A physical activity level (total energy expenditure/ basal metabolic rate) of 2.11 - 0.30 indicated that, during the competitive season, professional soccer players undertake much routine physical activity, similar to that of competitive athletes during moderate training. Energy intake estimated using dietary records was under-reported, suggesting that its calculation from these data does not predict energy expenditure in soccer players. 相似文献