共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
随着我国游泳运动的发展和提高,对青少年游泳运动员训练也提出了新的课题。如何正确掌握游泳技术,规范游泳基础训练,为培养出高水平的少儿游泳运动员打下扎实的基础。本文采用访问调查和文献资料收集方法,对少儿游泳运动员基础打腿训练方法、训练手段进行了研究和分析。论述了少儿游泳运动员的打腿训练方法及训练中应注意的问题提出自己的见解和教学训练体会。 相似文献
2.
为了进一步掌握侧踹腿技术的运动规律,提高动作质量,采用文献资料法、三维实验解析法和数理统计法,对我国六名优秀男子散打运动员和六名一般运动员侧踹腿技术进行了生物力学分析.旨在找出侧踹腿技术的差异性和共同特征,总结出高质量完成这一动作的运动规律和技术特点,为散打教学和训练提供定量的数据和理论参考. 相似文献
3.
张国庆 《山东体育学院学报》2009,25(11)
目的:寻找有效提高游泳运动员力量耐力的训练手段.方法:使用理化测试方法,将常规力量训练、游泳下肢打腿训练器训练与比赛强度进行比较,找出近似比赛强度的力量耐力训练方法.结果:游泳下肢打腿训练器训练可提高游泳运动员下肢训练强度和力量耐力水平,强化运动员专项体能,使专项强度负荷训练可以接近或达到比赛要求.结论:游泳下肢打腿训练器训练更接近游泳运动员专项训练,在实际训练中可提高运动员下肢力量耐力. 相似文献
4.
跳远前倾式离板和摆动腿的摆动对起跳的作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
孙竞波 《武汉体育学院学报》2004,38(2):95-97
当今世界跳远技术的主要特征和发展趋势是:在尽可能快的助跑中获得较大的腾起初速度和适宜的腾起角度。通过查阅大量文献、观摩优秀运动员比赛录像,结合训练实践,分析前倾式离板技术和摆动腿的摆动技术对跳远起跳过程中各环节的作用,提出了对前倾式离板和摆动腿的摆动进行专门训练的方法。 相似文献
5.
本文就我国优秀男子跳远运动员在起跳中摆腿技术有关的运动学参数进行定性、定量分析研究,探讨我国优秀男子跳远运动员起跳中摆动腿技术的运动学特征,旨在从中找到解决跳远技术教学、训练的突破口。研究对象:本研究所选择的对象是参加2004年5月20日在石家庄举行的全国田径锦标赛暨奥运会选拔赛男子跳远决赛前8名运动员,运动水平均为运动健将,平均成绩7.73m±0.208。最好成绩8.11m,最差成绩7.55m。研究方法:文献资料法、录像分析法、信息处理法。结果与分析:1.跳远起跳过程中摆动腿的作用在起跳离地瞬间,人体有前旋的转动动量,根据运动生理学… 相似文献
6.
运用文献资料、录像观察、运动力学实验及数理统计等方法,对徐州市10名专业散打运动员侧踹腿技术进行了运动力学分析,找出侧踹腿技术的差异性和共同特征,总结出高质量完成这一动作的运动规律和技术特点,旨在为散打教学和训练提供定量的数据和理论参考。 相似文献
7.
以武汉体育学院和湖北省体工大队8名优秀小级别男子散打运动员为研究对象,采用实验法以及数理统计法对其不同技术动作组合预见能力进行测试分析。研究显示:散打运动员在不同的预见能力条件下,实施接腿摔技术成绩有高度显著性差异,接后鞭腿成绩高于接前侧踹腿成绩;鞭腿作为主动进攻的技术使用应变为防守反击使用,鞭腿的使用尽量结合组合动作技术来运用,鞭腿、侧踹腿在进攻时要注意打击高度上的变化;不同高度腿法动作直接打击时,散打运动员水平距离变化差异具有高度显著性;拳法直接打击时,散打运动员水平距离变化差异具有显著性。研究认为:加强预见能力的训练可明显提高散打摔法的运用效果,对掌握散打技能有积极的促进作用。 相似文献
8.
文章通过对2005年全国散打锦标赛六个代表队散手运动员的比赛录像的观察,对散手运动员在比赛中拳腿组合技术运用情况进行统计分析,阐述了拳腿组合技术在比赛中的重要性,并提出了拳腿组合技术的培养途径,为散手教练员指导训练提供了借鉴。 相似文献
9.
10.
我国优秀男子跳高运动员起跳前摆动腿支撑技术的三维运动学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
闫之朴 《山东体育学院学报》2005,21(3):89-92
采用两台SONY高速摄像机对当前我国优秀男子跳高运动员起跳前摆动腿支撑技术进行现场同步拍摄，运用爱捷运动录像反馈系统进行解析。结果表明：我国优秀男子跳高运动员在摆动腿着地瞬间，身体重心距摆动腿着地点的水平距离较大，在摆动腿缓冲阶段，部分被试摆动腿膝关节缓冲幅度过大，水平速度的损失较为严重；最后一步步长、步长／身高指数较小，与国外优秀运动员相比有显著性差异。 相似文献
11.
为了九运会夺金,根据有关测试数据分析,以力量训练与技术训练结合的办法,提高徐妍玮出发、转身能力,取得了预期效果. 相似文献
12.
女游泳运动员大负荷训练中的情绪和应对方式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过调查女游泳运动员 6周大负荷训练中的情绪和应对方式 ,了解她们在大负荷训练中的心理特点 ,为提高游泳运动员在大负荷训练中的心理承受能力提供依据。研究表明 ,女游泳运动员大负荷训练中的情绪变化受负荷总量变化的影响 ,优秀运动员在大负荷训练感受中肌体劳累 ,精神疲倦和自我怀疑百分数均高于普通运动员。在大负荷训练应对方式中 ,优秀运动员宣泄和回避的百分数低于普通运动员 ,自我激励 ,寻求他人支持 ,自我安慰 ,关注队友感受等维度的百分数高于普通运动员。提示在大负荷训练中 ,优秀运动员似乎更倾向采用积极应对方式。 相似文献
13.
Christopher Papic Peter Sinclair Che Fornusek Ross Sanders 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(4):378-389
Task-specific auditory training can improve sensorimotor processing times of the auditory reaction time (RT). The majority of competitive swimmers do not conduct habitual start training with the electronic horn used to commence a race. We examined the effect of four week dive training interventions on RT and block time (BT) of 10 male adolescent swimmers (age 14.0 ± 1.4 years): dive training with auditory components (speaker and electronic horn) (n = 5) and dive training without auditory components (n = 5). Auditory stimulus dive training significantly reduced swimming start RT, compared with dive training without auditory components (p < 0.01), with a group mean RT reduction of 13 ± 9 ms. Four of the five swimmers that received auditory stimulus training showed medium to large effect size reductions in RT (d = 0.74; 1.32; 1.40; 1.81). No significant changes to swimmers’ BTs were evident in either dive training intervention. The adolescent swimmers’ results were compared against six male elite swimmers (age 19.8 ± 1.0 years). The elite swimmers had significantly shorter BTs (p < 0.05) but no significant difference in RTs. Auditory stimulus dive training should be explored further as a mechanism for improving swimming start performance in elite swimmers who have pre-established optimal BTs. 相似文献
14.
Pacing strategies of elite swimmers have been consistently characterised from the average lap velocities. In the present study, we examined the racing strategies of 200 m world class-level swimmers with regard to their underwater and surface lap components. The finals and semi-finals of the 200 m races at the 2013 World Swimming Championships (Barcelona, Spain) were analysed by an innovative image-processing system (InThePool® 2.0). Free swimming velocities of elite swimmers typically decreased throughout the 200 m race laps (?0.12 m · s–1, 95% CI ?0.11 to ?0.14 m · s–1, P = 0.001, η2 = 0.81), whereas underwater velocities, which were faster than free swimming, were not meaningfully affected by the race progress (0.02 m · s–1, ?0.01 to 0.04 m · s–1, P = 0.01, η2 = 0.04). When swimming underwater, elite swimmers typically travelled less distance (?0.66 m, ?0.83 to ?0.49 m, P = 0.001, η2 = 0.34) from the first to the third turn of the race, although underwater distances were maintained on the backstroke and butterfly races. These strategies allowed swimmers to maintain their average velocity in the last lap despite a decrease in the free swimming velocity. Elite coaches and swimmers are advised to model their racing strategies by considering both underwater and surface race components. 相似文献
15.
Anne-Marie Elbe Camilla P. Rasmussen Glen Nielsen Nikolai B. Nordsborg 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(3):344-349
This study investigated the effect of increased high-intensity interval training (HIT) at the expense of total training volume on the stress and recovery levels of elite swimmers. Forty-one elite swimmers participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either a HIT or a control group (CON). Eleven swimmers did not complete the questionnaires. For 12 weeks both groups trained ~12 h per week. The amount of HIT was ~5 h vs. 1 h, and total distance was ~17 km vs. ~35 km per week for HIT and CON, respectively. HIT was performed as 6–10 × 10–30 s maximal effort interspersed by 2–4 min of rest. The Recovery Stress Questionnaire – Sport was used to measure the swimmers’ stress and recovery levels. After the 12 week intervention, the general stress level was 16.6% (2.6–30.7%; mean and 95% CI) lower and the general recovery level was 6.5% (0.7–12.4%) higher in HIT compared to the CON, after adjusting for baseline values. No significant effects could be observed in sports-specific stress or sports-specific recovery. The results indicate that increasing training intensity and reducing training volume for 12 weeks can reduce general stress and increase general recovery levels in competitive swimmers. 相似文献
16.
上海汉族优秀耐力运动员ACE基因I/D多态性与最大有氧能力(VO2max)的关联研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
采用PCR和breath by breath方法，对上海汉族55名优秀游泳运动员、60名优秀赛艇运动员和85名汉族普通人的ACE基因I／D多态性和VO2max进行检测。结果显示：1）上海汉族优秀游泳和赛艇运动员ACE基因的基因型和等位基因频率与上海和成都地区汉族普通人组无明显差异（P〉0．05）；与Caucasian人群相比，均存在非常显著性差异（P〈0．0001），表现出明显的民族和地区的差异性；游泳和赛艇项目健将和一级运动员间的基因型和等位基因频率分布，存在明显差异（P〈0．05）；游泳运动员水平越高，Ⅱ型所占比例就越高，赛艇运动员中水平越高，ID型的比例越大；2）不同基因型的游泳运动员的VO2max、VO2max／kg、VCO2max、VEmax、O2-plusemax、Wmax和Tmax等指标，均表现为Ⅱ型〉DD型〉ID型，Ⅱ型明显优于ID型（P〈0．05～0．01），而赛艇运动员则表现为ID型〉Ⅱ型〉DD型，ID明显优于DD型（P〈0．05～0．01）。结果提示，游泳项目中具有Ⅱ基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的运动员，赛艇项目中具有ID基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的运动员，可能属于运动训练敏感的高反应群体，经过多年系统科学的训练，具有成为优秀运动员的可能。ACE基因I／D多态性可作为运动训练和选材中高敏感的、非常重要的遗传标记之一。 相似文献
17.
采用PCR和breath by breath方法,对上海汉族55名优秀游泳运动员、60名优秀赛艇运动员和85名汉族普通人的ACE基因I/D多态性和V。O2max进行检测。结果显示1)上海汉族优秀游泳和赛艇运动员ACE基因的基因型和等位基因频率与上海和成都地区汉族普通人组无明显差异(P>0.05);与Caucasian人群相比,均存在非常显著性差异(P<0.0001),表现出明显的民族和地区的差异性;游泳和赛艇项目健将和一级运动员间的基因型和等位基因频率分布,存在明显差异(P<0.05);游泳运动员水平越高,II型所占比例就越高,赛艇运动员中水平越高,ID型的比例越大;2)不同基因型的游泳运动员的O2max、O2max/kg、CO2max、Emax、O2-plusemax、Wmax和Tmax等指标,均表现为II型>DD型>ID型,II型明显优于ID型(P<0.05~0.01),而赛艇运动员则表现为ID型>II型>DD型,ID明显优于DD型(P<0.05~0.01)。结果提示,游泳项目中具有II基因型或I等位基因的运动员,赛艇项目中具有ID基因型或I等位基因的运动员,可能属于运动训练敏感的高反应群体,经过多年系统科学的训练,具有成为优秀运动员的可能。ACE基因I/D多态性可作为运动训练和选材中高敏感的、非常重要的遗传标记之一。 相似文献
18.
This study examined arm and leg coordination and propulsion during the flat breaststroke in nine elite male and eight elite female swimmers over three race paces (200?m, 100?m and 50?m). Coordination was expressed using four temporal gaps (T1, T2, T3, T4), which described the continuity between the propulsive phases of the limbs, as recorded on a video device (50 Hz). Glide duration was denoted T1, the time between the beginning of arm and leg recovery was denoted T2, the time between the end of arm and the leg recovery was denoted T3, and the time between 90° of flexion during arm recovery and 90° during leg recovery was denoted T4. Using these temporal gaps, four stroke phases (propulsion, glide, recovery and leg insweep) could be followed over a complete arm and leg stroke. The total duration of arm and leg propulsion was assessed by a new index of flat breaststroke propulsion (IFBP). Velocity, stroke rate and stroke length were also calculated for each pace. The elite swimmers showed short T2, T3 and T4; moreover, T1 decreased when the pace increased. Expertise in the flat breaststroke was thus characterized by synchronized arm and leg recoveries and increased continuity in the arm and leg propulsions with increasing velocity. Differences between the sexes in the spatio-temporal parameters were possibly due to anthropometric differences (the men were heavier, older and taller than the women) and different motor organization linked to arm and leg coordination (shorter T3, body glide and body recovery, and greater body propulsion and higher IFBP in the men). The men's propulsive actions showed greater continuity, particularly in the sprint. The best men adopted a superposition coordination and thus had the ability to overcome very great active drag. Temporal gap measurement and the IFBP are practical indicators of arm and leg coordination and propulsion that can be exploited by coaches and swimmers to increase the continuity between propulsive actions during the flat breaststroke. 相似文献
19.
This study examined arm and leg coordination and propulsion during the flat breaststroke in nine elite male and eight elite female swimmers over three race paces (200 m, 100 m and 50 m). Coordination was expressed using four temporal gaps (T1, T2, T3, T4), which described the continuity between the propulsive phases of the limbs, as recorded on a video device (50 Hz). Glide duration was denoted T1, the time between the beginning of arm and leg recovery was denoted T2, the time between the end of arm and the leg recovery was denoted T3, and the time between 90 degrees of flexion during arm recovery and 90 degrees during leg recovery was denoted T4. Using these temporal gaps, four stroke phases (propulsion, glide, recovery and leg insweep) could be followed over a complete arm and leg stroke. The total duration of arm and leg propulsion was assessed by a new index of flat breaststroke propulsion (IFBP). Velocity, stroke rate and stroke length were also calculated for each pace. The elite swimmers showed short T2, T3 and T4; moreover, T1 decreased when the pace increased. Expertise in the flat breaststroke was thus characterized by synchronized arm and leg recoveries and increased continuity in the arm and leg propulsions with increasing velocity. Differences between the sexes in the spatio-temporal parameters were possibly due to anthropometric differences (the men were heavier, older and taller than the women) and different motor organization linked to arm and leg coordination (shorter T3, body glide and body recovery, and greater body propulsion and higher IFBP in the men). The men's propulsive actions showed greater continuity, particularly in the sprint. The best men adopted a superposition coordination and thus had the ability to overcome very great active drag. Temporal gap measurement and the IFBP are practical indicators of arm and leg coordination and propulsion that can be exploited by coaches and swimmers to increase the continuity between propulsive actions during the flat breaststroke. 相似文献