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从体育的视角出发研究实现“健康老龄化”对策。认为走政府引导下的社会化发展道路、加强体育休闲服务设施建设、提高老年体育组织的网络化程度、处理好体育事业与其它各项社会事业发展的关系、以体育为手段开展对老年人的终身教育,都是推动老年人体育事业发展,促进“健康老龄化”实现的有效措施。 相似文献
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广场舞作为我国一项群体性健身运动,近年来成为大众媒体关注的焦点。基于框架理论,运用内容分析法,对《人民日报》《中国体育报》和《南方都市报》2014—2017年以“广场舞舞者”为主题的报道进行了比较研究。《人民日报》呈现以政治框架为主,广场舞是政府机构进行政治宣传的工具;《中国体育报》的呈现倾向于体育框架的形式,官方体育机构将广场舞作为重要手段开展群众体育推广;《南方都市报》则用冲突框架,广场舞作为城市新移民群体以及底层群众“公共空间私有化”和“噪音扰民”的狂欢。在老龄化步伐加快和健康中国的战略背景下,大众媒介应采用积极老龄化的报道框架,关注广场舞舞者尤其是城市新移民群体社会资本的缺失和身份认同的困境,推动城市广场舞的规范发展,实现健康中国战略。 相似文献
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在“十四五”期间中国可能步入中度老龄化社会趋势下,关注与推进老年群体体卫融合供需适配机制的建构,不但对帮助老年群体预防疾病、促进健身康复,而且对进一步挖掘以体育推动老年群体社会化融入、提升自我认同等具有积极意义。本文基于积极老龄观,对老年群体体卫融合供需适配机制进行了探讨,认为：从历史视角看,我国的老龄化与体卫融合政策经过了渐进式调适的过程,在从健康到积极的老龄化理念,以及体育与卫生健康政策发展中,我国老年群体体卫融合程度、积极性等都得到了拓展;从社会视角看,老年群体体卫融合政策的建构与作用发挥应坚持情景式融合的内在逻辑,并表现为因时制宜、以老为本、主体协同;从发展视角看,在老龄化社会、数字化社会及现代化并行发展的时期,老年群体体卫融合供需适配应进行数字融合、异质性识别,以推动创生式、持续化的老年群体体卫融合政策的建构与发展。 相似文献
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人口老龄化成为各国共同关注的话题,目前很多国家尝试着通过各种手段来解决老龄化带来的老年人的心理、生理和社会经济方面的问题。“健康老龄化”成为世界各国需要解决的新问题。文章采用文献资料、专家访谈、实地调查、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法对商洛市老年人的太极拳活动现状进行调查分析。 相似文献
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为系统梳理国际体育科学领域“performance”的概念、学科与热点，以“Web of ScienceTM”数据库2000—2021年47 546篇相关文献为数据来源，采用Citespace、Vosviewer等工具进行文献计量分析。结果表明：(1)“performance”研究对象是“运动中的人”，研究内容主要为运动员竞技表现提升、非运动员的健康促进和运动员/非运动员的损伤康复等；(2)“performance”相关研究围绕“运动中人的表现”，涉及生理学视角下运动与训练，生物力学和康复学视角下损伤与康复，心理学视角下技能学习、运动表现和健康促进，力量和爆发力训练，团队项目体能和技战术表现与分析5个领域；(3)广义的“performance”涉及竞技表现、健康促进和损伤康复3个领域，狭义的“performance”专指竞技表现。 相似文献
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本文对“体育与健康学科课程核心素养”及“核心素养视角下体育与健康课程基地”进行了概念界定,并研究了其内涵、建设要求及建设路径。研究结果显示：核心素养视角下体育与健康课程基地建设应该在实践教育情境中体现体育与健康学科的育人价值,培育学生的运动能力、健康行为和体育品德;在“健康第一”思想的指导下,体现课程改革高层次设计的基本要求,开发适宜的课程平台、整合课程资源,丰富教学环境、改变学习方式。此外,各地各校要建立教师发展平台,提升教师专业品质。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):611-619
AbstractThis study investigated in older adults whether whole-body vibration (WBV) training results in significant increases of physical fitness measures without alterations in markers of inflammation. Sixteen volunteers completed a WBV programme 3 d.wk?1 during 9 weeks. The programme consisted of lower and upper-body unloaded static and dynamic exercises. Training improved significantly several tests which evaluate physical fitness, such as 30-s chair stand, arm curl or chair sit and reach test. There was a significant increase in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) between pre- and post-training conditions. Muscle power values, reached at 20, 40 and 60% MVIC, were also significantly greater after training. However, mRNA or protein levels for C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 did not significantly differ from basal values. Our data confirm the usefulness of WBV training for counteracting the loss of muscle strength associated with sarcopenia in older adults and show that WBV training could be a safe training method which induces no inflammatory effects. 相似文献
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A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Measuring lower body strength is critical in evaluating the functional performance of older adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability and the criterion-related and construct validity of a 30-s chair stand as a measure of lower body strength in adults over the age of 60 years. Seventy-six community-dwelling older adults (M age = 70.5 years) volunteered to participate in the study, which involved performing two 30-s chair-stand tests and two maximum leg-press tests, each conducted on separate days 2-5 days apart. Test-retest intraclass correlations of .84 for men and .92 for women, utilizing one-way analysis of variance procedures appropriate for a single trial, together with a nonsignificant change in scores from Day 1 testing to Day 2, indicate that the 30-s chair stand has good stability reliability. A moderately high correlation between chair-stand performance and maximum weight-adjusted leg-press performance for both men and women (r = .78 and .71, respectively) supports the criterion-related validity of the chair stand as a measure of lower body strength. Construct (or discriminant) validity of the chair stand was demonstrated by the test's ability to detect differences between various age and physical activity level groups. As expected, chair-stand performance decreased significantly across age groups in decades--from the 60s to the 70s to the 80s (p < .01) and was significantly lower for low-active participants than for high-active participants (p < .0001). It was concluded that the 30-s chair stand provides a reasonably reliable and valid indicator of lower body strength in generally active, community-dwelling older adults. 相似文献
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Abstract Measuring lower body strength is critical in evaluating the functional performance of older adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability and the criterion-related and construct validity of a 30-s chair stand as a measure of lower body strength in adults over the age of 60 years. Seventy-six community-dwelling older adults (M age = 70.5 years) volunteered to participate in the study, which involved performing two 30-s chair-stand tests and two maximum leg-press tests, each conducted on separate days 2–5 days apart. Test-retest intraclass correlations of .84 for men and .92 for women, utilizing one-way analysis of variance procedures appropriate for a single trial, together with a nonsignificant change in scores from Day 1 testing to Day 2, indicate that the 30-s chair stand has good stability reliability. A moderately high correlation between chair-stand performance and maximum weight-adjusted leg-press performance for both men and women (r = .78 and .71, respectively) supports the criterion-related validity of the chair stand as a measure of lower body strength. Construct (or discriminant) validity of the chair stand was demonstrated by the test's ability to detect differences between various age and physical activity level groups. As expected, chair-stand performance decreased significantly across age groups in decades–from the 60s to the 70s to the 80s (p < .01) and was significantly lower for low-active participants than for high-active participants (p < .0001). It was concluded that the 30-s chair stand provides a reasonably reliable and valid indicator of lower body strength in generally active, community-dwelling older adults. 相似文献
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体育锻炼与老年人健康 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
参加有规律的体育锻炼能延缓衰老引起的身体机能的下降。耐力运动有助于维持和改善心血管机能,减小心血管危险因素;力量运动能补偿衰老引起的肌肉质量和力量的下降。因此,有规律的体育锻炼能改善老年人机能能力,有助于老年人有一个更加健康、独立的生活方式。 相似文献
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Darren L. Richardson Michael J. Duncan Alfonso Jimenez Paul M. Juris Neil D. Clarke 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):234-246
Objectives: To investigate the effects that high-velocity, low-load (HVLL) and low-velocity, high-load (LVHL) resistance exercise, performed once or twice-weekly, have on indices of functional performance (primary outcome), maximal strength, and body composition (secondary outcomes) in older adults.Methods: In a randomised, controlled, multi-armed, parallel design, 54 moderately-highly active, but resistance exercise naïve older adults (aged 60–79 years), attended baseline and post-10-week intervention assessment sessions. Physical and functional assessments were completed, and predicted one-repetition maximums (1-RM) were obtained for eight exercises. Participants were then randomised into one of five conditions: HVLL once-weekly (HVLL1: n?=?11) or twice-weekly (HVLL2: n?=?11), LVHL once-weekly (LVHL1: n?=?10) or twice-weekly (LVHL2: n?=?11), no-exercise control condition (CON: n?=?11). The HVLL conditions completed 3 sets of 14 repetitions at 40% 1-RM and the LVHL conditions, 3 sets of 7 repetitions at 80% 1-RM. In total, 50 participants completed all testing and were included in analyses.Results: Only LVHL2 improved 30-sec chair stand performance (p?=?.035; g?=?0.89), arm curls (p?=?.011; g?=?1.65) and grip-strength (p?=?.015; g?=?0.34) compared to CON. LVHL2 improved maximal strength compared to CON for 7/8 exercises (p?p?Conclusion: Possibly due to the lower intensity nature of the HVLL conditions, LVHL, twice-weekly was most beneficial for improving functional performance and strength in moderately-highly active older adults. Therefore, we recommend that exercise professionals ensure resistance exercise sessions have sufficient intensity of effort and volume, in order to maximise functional performance and strength gains in older adults. 相似文献
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用每周一次的肌肉力量训练频率的方法,对高校从未受过常规定期的肌肉力量训练普通大学生,进行在每周一次的体育课上进行了为期10周的肌肉力量训练实验,以观察肌肉力量训练产生的效果。训练前后为他们测试了卧推杠铃和直立杠铃弯举的成绩（1RM）,还分别测量了练习前后大腿围和上臂围等。训练周期以后1RM比开始前增加了10%以上,不管是卧推杠铃还是直立杠铃弯举等项目都有明显的进步。结果表明,每周一次频率的肌肉力量练习确实能增加大学生的肌肉力量,但这种形式的锻炼并未能使身体形态发生明显的变化。 相似文献
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目的:通过分析太极柔力球练习对老年女性血清雌激素、肌肉力量、手臂稳定性、光辨别反应时、长时及瞬时记忆保持量的影响,探讨太极柔力球运动提高老年女性肌肉力量及认知功能的可行性.方法:选取老年女性29人,分为对照组(14人)和锻炼组(15人),对两组血清雌二醇、左右手握力、红绿光辨别反应时、手臂稳定性及长时、瞬时记忆保持量等各项指标进行比较分析.结果:与对照组比较,老年女性太极柔力球锻炼组的血清雌二醇(76.85±15.36 pmol/L;P＜0.01)、右手握力(278.36±52.36 N;P＜0.01)、红绿光辨别反应时(0.42±0.15 s;0.60±0.21 s;P＜0.01,P＜0.05)、右手臂稳定性(3.65±0.52 mm;P＜0.01)、长时记忆保持量(0.55±0.09;P＜0.05)及瞬时记忆保持量(0.62±0.15;P＜0.05)差异均有显著性;左手握力(225.69±18.67 N)及左手臂稳定性(5.3±0.99 mm)较对照组增高,但无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:大极柔力球练习可增高老年女性的血清雌二醇水平,对提高老年女性的肌肉力量及认知功能具有积极作用,值得大力推广. 相似文献
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Samuel T. Orange Phil Marshall Leigh A. Madden Rebecca V. Vince 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1227-1234
This study examined the relationship between sit-to-stand (STS) power and physical function in adults with severe obesity. Thirty-eight adults (age: 44 ± 12 years; body mass index [BMI]: 45.2 ± 7.8 kg/m2) completed evaluations of STS power, strength and functional performance. STS power was measured with a wearable inertial sensor, strength was assessed with the isometric mid-thigh pull, and function was measured with the timed up-and-go (TUG), six-minute walk test (6MWT) and 30-s chair STS. Power and strength (normalised to body mass) entered regression models in addition to age, gender, BMI and physical activity (daily step count). Power displayed large univariate associations with TUG (r = 0.50) and 30-s chair STS (r = 0.67), and a moderate association with 6MWT (r = 0.49). Forward stepwise regression revealed that power independently contributed to TUG (β = ?0.40, p = 0.010), 30-s chair STS (β = 0.67, p < 0.001) and 6MWT performance (β = 0.27, p = 0.007). Power also appeared to be a superior determinant of function compared with strength. Power generated via the STS transfer largely underpins the ability to perform functional tasks in adults with severe obesity, although intervention studies are required to investigate a potentially causal relationship. 相似文献
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为了提高老年群体的健康水平以应对人口老龄化,采用文献资料法论述了体育活动与老年人健康的关系,提出了增加老年人体育活动水平的对策：加大健康教育宣传力度,帮助老年人建立体育生活方式、依托社区开展体育活动,帮助老年人在社区形成健康的行为、加强老年健身的科学指导和研究、制定有利于体育活动的公共政策,为老年人健身提供政策和环境的支持。 相似文献
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目的:探讨我国优秀花样游泳运动员功能性动作能力与力量素质的相关性,分析功能动作筛查测试与力量素质测试结果存在的内在联系,从专项视角探讨花样游泳运动项目的训练策略并提出建议。方法:选取国家花样游泳队14名健将级运动员为研究对象,对其进行FMS、握力、上肢力量、股内收肌群力量、躯干核心耐力、下肢爆发力测试,并对测试结果进行相关性分析。结果:1)14名花样游泳运动员FMS测试平均得分为15.21分,有5人测试得分低于运动损伤高风险的临界值(14分);2)FMS测试总分与Keiser坐姿上推(偏相关系数=0.622,P<0.05)、45°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.652,P<0.05)、90°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.746,P<0.01)均呈正相关;3)直线弓步蹲与Keiser坐姿上推(偏相关系数=0.711,P<0.05)、无反向纵跳(偏相关系数=0.661,P<0.05)、有反向纵跳(偏相关系数=0.614,P<0.05)和40 cm跳深跳高(偏相关系数=0.754,P<0.01)均呈正相关;肩部灵活性测试得分与Keiser下蹲上推(偏相关系数=0.575,P<0.05)、45°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(偏相关系数=0.585,P<0.05)以及90°股内收肌群横向收缩力量(r=0.867,P<0.01)均呈正相关,与仰桥耐力呈负相关(偏相关系数=0.701,P<0.05);旋转稳定性与40 cm跳深跳高呈正相关(偏相关系数=0.575,P<0.05)。结论:我国优秀花样游泳运动员髋关节主动灵活性和臀大肌-髂胫束联合等肌群的主动柔韧性较好,但存在膝关节、髋关节稳定性差、躯干核心区肌群控制力不足等问题,受主导臂和主导腿均为右侧影响,运动员身体两侧不平衡明显。运动员FMS测试得分并不能全面反映其力量素质的高低,FMS测试得分与部分力量素质测试结果存在相关性,可能与两种测试均涉及同一动力链结构系统肌群的协同工作和动作存在做功类型的相似性有关。 相似文献