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随着马拉松休闲概念的逐步壮大，马拉松参与、参与水平与持续参与行为日渐成为研究热点话题。以Web of Science和知网数据库为数据来源，通过高频词、近年低频热点词、地域分布以及作者合作网络分析国内外马拉松参与动机研究领域的研究热点和发展趋势。研究发现，研究以美国、西班牙、瑞士、英国为代表的体育强国展现出引领态势，国内学界于2011年开始明确提出“马拉松参与”这一关键词，随着2014年相关政策的颁布进入快速发展阶段；近年低频热点说明国外对中国社会、儿童马拉松教育以及赛事IP赋能体旅产业等关注度提高，国内学者热衷于女性参与、性别平等、赛事服务与满意度之间的变量关系，以及马拉松运动所蕴含的深度休闲意义等新兴话题；当前国外理论研究和实际应用相结合的较为深入，国内马拉松参与动机相关研究存在研究团队零散、研究视角单一、科技糅合应用不足以及理论分析不够深入等问题，需要理论界和实证界的不断合作与创新。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、访谈、逻辑分析等研究方法，基于对江苏省马拉松赛事相关政府部门和企业的调查，研究新冠疫情期间江苏省马拉松赛事开展情况及其对不同利益相关者的影响。研究发现：江苏省马拉松赛事受疫情影响而暂停举办或取消赛事，马拉松运营企业营收大幅减少，线上马拉松赛事崭露头角。疫情对马拉松赛事不同利益相关者的影响具有差异性。研究结论：赛事核心利益相关者应统筹组织协调安排赛事开展、调整赛事赞助方案，企业营收减少；赛事蛰伏利益相关者需要转化赛事品牌传播途径，调整休闲娱乐方式；边缘利益相关者的经济来源受阻，自我价值无法实现。 相似文献
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数字技术创新体育赛事的组织方式，改变体育赛事的参与行为，线上体育赛事井喷式发展。为了深入探究线上体育赛事参与意愿的内在影响机制，提高线上体育赛事品牌质量，研究基于文献与实践案例，构建参与意愿为因变量，参赛动机为自变量，品牌体验为中介的理论模型。实证结果显示：参与动机越强的线上赛事参与者对线上体育赛事的品牌体验越强烈；赛事品牌体验越好的参与者对赛事的满意度越高；参与者的赛事品牌体验在参与动机对赛事满意度的关系中起着重要的中介作用。由此提出以下建议：以满足参与者的多元参与动机为主要目标；创新线上体育赛事服务供给模式，激发体育赛事市场的消费潜能；加强线上体育赛事的品牌建设，培育线上体育赛事文化；重视线上体育赛事的营销和宣传工作，开展多样化的宣传活动；丰富线上体育赛事供给，举办多种多样的线上体育赛事。 相似文献
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高质量发展是国家赋予我国体育产业现时期发展的新要求。《国务院关于加快发展体育产业促进 体育消费的若干意见》（国发〔2014〕46号）发布后，社会资源大量涌入我国体育产业，使其得到了蓬勃发展。特别是在国务院取消了政府对商业赛事的审批权后，国内举办了越来越多的体育赛事，尤其是群众性体育赛事。运用文献资料法、访谈法和逻辑分析法，在分析高质量发展的内涵与体育产业高质量发展的基础上，使用PEST宏观环境分析模型，对我国马拉松的办赛环境进行分析。认为：政策支持引发了办赛热潮，经济增长促进了体育消费，社会发展增强了健康意识，技术发展创新了赛事发展，这些都是我国马拉松赛事井喷式增长的重要因素；马拉松赛事的举办会产生经济效益与传播效益，并在一定程度上促进参赛者的健康与满足自我挑战的需求，但马拉松赛事需要消耗一定的社会资源并依赖举办地的公共管理能力，故不一定会对举办地带来经济价值和正面的营销效果。提出：要高质量发展我国马拉松赛事，应优化相关制度的设计，提升赛事的市场运作水平，更加满足跑者的参赛需求。 相似文献
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民众更大程度地涉入到体育活动中是人民幸福感提升的重要标志之一。其中，马拉松赛事的高参与度就是一个凸显的特征表现。基于这一社会热点，以马拉松赛事与城市的融合评价作为研究对象，以民众的马拉松赛事涉入程度作为赛事与城市融合评价的调节变量，观察民众的体育赛事涉入程度对马拉松和城市融合评价的调节作用。以2017年杭州马拉松赛事为例，对536名参与者进行随机调查。研究显示：民众对马拉松赛事与城市的认同度以及两者的声誉匹配度均与融合评价的各指标形成显著的正相关关系，其关系的强弱程度为：马拉松赛事和城市的声誉匹配度（0.324）>城市认同度（0.247）>马拉松赛事认同度（0.239），而且这些关系的强弱受到了民众涉入程度的调节影响。与低涉入度相比，涉入度较高时，各自变量对融合评价的作用更为明显。马拉松赛事的民众涉入程度会影响赛事认同度与融合评价的关系（β=0.226），且调节效应大于城市认同度与融合评价的关系（β=0.205）。启示：民众参与马拉松运动不限于关注赛事本身，而更趋向于作为一种生活方式进而提升对城市的归属感和忠诚度。马拉松赛事的营销活动应把民众参与的体验放在首位，以激发其更大... 相似文献
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体育彩票忠实消费者与一般消费者的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究采用随机抽样的方法，对沈阳市134名体育彩票忠实消费者和87名体育彩票一般消费者进行了问卷调查。调查结果表明，体育彩票忠实消费者与一般消费者在构成特征、消费心理特征、消费行为特征等方面存在差异：与一般消费者相比，忠实消费者中女性少；中年人居多，较一般消费者年龄大；收入水平高．中大奖的消费动机多于一般消费者，娱乐和消遣的消费动机少于一般消费者；消费能力高于一般消费者。 相似文献
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通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法,对我国城市马拉松热现象问题进行研究分析。研究认为:我国城市马拉松热现象主要体现在赛事数量、参赛人数与举办城市持续“井喷”,赛事规模不断扩大,申办赛事城市居高不下等。究其原因:提升城市形象、城市美誉度和城市知名度等发展营销诉求;提升城市体育产业发展诉求以及马拉松爱好者超越自我诉求三者共同催生了我国城市“马拉松热”。存在不足:我国城市马拉松赛事还存在着粗放管理、风险管理不足以及参赛人员猝死等问题。建议:提升赛事管理能力,探索符合城市自身实际的城市马拉松赛管理模式;加强赛事风险管理,强化赛事安全保障机制;加强赛事医务监督,构建全程移动救助体系;同时跑马者亦需加强自我保护,量力而行。 相似文献
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刘善云 《天津体育学院学报》1993,8(3):11-15
采用功率自行车渐增负荷的运动方式测定了81名不同项目耐力运动员的无氧阈,结果表明:用最大负荷百分比表示的无氧阈值,马拉松与自行车项目运动员显著高于竞走及中长跑运动员,并且各专项组男女运动员之间均无显著性别差异。本文报告的不同项目耐力运动员的无氧阈值,可为训练中评定运动员有氧工作能力和安排训练强度提供参考和依据。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2020,23(2):256-270
The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive understanding of consumer experiences in participant sport events. The authors explored two traditionally prominent components (i.e., service quality and perceived economic value) and one emerging factor (i.e., athletic goal achievement) of consumer experiences at participant sport events. The authors examined the effects of these three factors on re-participation intention and the effect of athletic goal achievement on future exercise intention. Results of moderated serial mediation analyses based on data from a sample of marathon runners (N = 3186), all three factors exerted significant effects on re-participation intention. In particular, athletic goal achievement was positively associated with re-participation intention and future exercise intention through the serial mediation of performance satisfaction and overall event satisfaction. However, the moderating effects of athletic goal importance on the serial indirect relationship between athletic goal achievement and two outcome variables (i.e., re-participation intention and future exercise intention) were not significant. The findings of this study offer participant sport service providers with insights to manage participants’ athletic performance, service quality, and perceived economic value for better consumer experiences. Such efforts should result in higher participant satisfaction, better retention rates, and a higher post-event physical activity level. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to determine how female marathon runners of varying standards differed in body composition and physique and in their training regimes, and secondly to develop predictors of distance running performance from the anthropometric and training variables. Female marathon runners (n = 36), all participants in a national 10 mile (16 km) road racing championship, were divided into three groups according to their best time for the 26.2 mile race. They were assessed for body composition and somatotype using anthropometric techniques and completed a questionnaire about their current training for the marathon. No difference was found between the groups of distance runners when measured for height, bone widths and circumferences. The three groups were found to have similar body weights of approximately 53 kg, a value which is much lower than the average for sedentary women, but which compares favourably with those from previous studies of female long distance runners. While all the runners had a lower per cent fat, as measured from skinfold thicknesses, than sedentary women, the elite runners were seen to have significantly lower values (P less than 0.05) than the other two groups. The difference in body fat was particularly reflected in the triceps skinfold value. There was also a tendency for the elite runners to be more ectomorphic and less endomorphic than the others. The better runners were seen, on the whole, to have been running longer, and to have more strenuous regimes, both in terms of intensity of training and distance run per week. Multiple regression and discriminant function analyses indicated that the number of training sessions per week and the number of years training were the best predictors of competitive performance at both 10 mile and marathon distances. They also indicated that a female long distance runner with a slim physique high in ectomorphy has the greatest potential for success. 相似文献
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深入剖析高质量马拉松赛事的吸引力感知维度,对比掌握部分普通赛事报名不足的主要因素,探究不同马拉松赛事的吸引力问题。基于跑者需求侧视角探讨马拉松赛事的吸引力感知维度,指出赛事吸引力是今后打造头部IP马拉松赛事的主要着力点。采用混合研究方法,首先,基于扎根理论从众多错综复杂影响马拉松赛事吸引力的因素中提炼了赛事质量、过程体验、参赛成本和赛事服务4个关键维度;其次,采用量化分析识别了4个感知维度的不同影响力,同时检验其对跑者再次参与赛事意愿的预测能力;最后,基于质性研究和量化研究的客观精确结合,分析了研究结果。 相似文献
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在"马拉松热"的背景下,对跑步参与过程中马拉松跑者的深度休闲特质进行探究。采用滚雪球抽样方式,对20名马拉松跑者进行半结构式访谈,通过质性分析软件NVivo 11.0对访谈资料进行分析。研究结果表明马拉松跑者具有深度休闲的6个特质:坚持不懈、生涯性、显著的个人努力、强烈的认同感、独特的文化、持久的收益。本研究进一步丰富了已有研究成果,其中坚持不懈中的"毅力"和"自我管理"两方面体现了马拉松项目的特点。对马拉松跑者来讲,经济回报和团队发展并不是明显的持久收益。本研究结果拓展了对我国"马拉松热"现象的理解,未来应采用定量方法进行深入研究。 相似文献
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Richard G. Israel 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):521-523
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate and quantify physiological differences among groups of distance runners. The subjects included 20 elite distance runners (8 marathon, 12 middle-long distance) and 8 good runners. Working capacity and cardiorespiratory function were determined by submaximal and maximal treadmill tests, and body composition by hydrostatic weighing. The variables studied were maximum oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2 max), [Vdot]O2 submax, lactic acid submax, lean body weight, and fat weight. MANOVA showed that the good runners differed from the elite runners (p < 0.01) and the elite marathon runners differed from the elite middle-long distance runners (p < 0.05). Discriminant analysis showed that both functions were significant. The first was a general physiological efficiency factor that separated the good and elite runners. The second separated the elite marathon and middle-long distance groups. The second function showed that the marathon runners had lower lactic acid submax values. The middle-long distance runners had higher [Vdot]O2 max values. Classification analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of the discriminant analysis; 80% of the elite runners were correctly classified as marathon or middle-long distance runners. The discriminant functions were used to develop a multivariate scaling model for evaluating distance runners. Two premier runners, one marathoner (F. Shorter) and one middle-long distance runner (S. Prefontaine), were found to be at the extremes of the scale. The data showed that the discriminant functions provided a valid model for evaluating differences among elite distance runners. 相似文献
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Peak treadmill running velocity during the VO2 max test predicts running performance 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Twenty specialist marathon runners and 23 specialist ultra-marathon runners underwent maximal exercise testing to determine the relative value of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), peak treadmill running velocity, running velocity at the lactate turnpoint, VO2 at 16 km h-1, % VO2max at 16 km h-1, and running time in other races, for predicting performance in races of 10-90 km. Race time at 10 or 21.1 km was the best predictor of performance at 42.2 km in specialist marathon runners and at 42.2 and 90 km in specialist ultra-marathon runners (r = 0.91-0.97). Peak treadmill running velocity was the best laboratory-measured predictor of performance (r = -0.88(-)-0.94) at all distances in ultra-marathon specialists and at all distances except 42.2 km in marathon specialists. Other predictive variables were running velocity at the lactate turnpoint (r = -0.80(-)-0.92); % VO2max at 16 km h-1 (r = 0.76-0.90) and VO2max (r = 0.55(-)-0.86). Peak blood lactate concentrations (r = 0.68-0.71) and VO2 at 16 km h-1 (r = 0.10-0.61) were less good predictors. These data indicate: (i) that in groups of trained long distance runners, the physiological factors that determine success in races of 10-90 km are the same; thus there may not be variables that predict success uniquely in either 10 km, marathon or ultra-marathon runners, and (ii) that peak treadmill running velocity is at least as good a predictor of running performance as is the lactate turnpoint. Factors that determine the peak treadmill running velocity are not known but are not likely to be related to maximum rates of muscle oxygen utilization. 相似文献
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Foot strike patterns of recreational and sub-elite runners in a long-distance road race 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
Larson P Higgins E Kaminski J Decker T Preble J Lyons D McIntyre K Normile A 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(15):1665-1673
Although the biomechanical properties of the various types of running foot strike (rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot) have been studied extensively in the laboratory, only a few studies have attempted to quantify the frequency of running foot strike variants among runners in competitive road races. We classified the left and right foot strike patterns of 936 distance runners, most of whom would be considered of recreational or sub-elite ability, at the 10 km point of a half-marathon/marathon road race. We classified 88.9% of runners at the 10 km point as rearfoot strikers, 3.4% as midfoot strikers, 1.8% as forefoot strikers, and 5.9% of runners exhibited discrete foot strike asymmetry. Rearfoot striking was more common among our sample of mostly recreational distance runners than has been previously reported for samples of faster runners. We also compared foot strike patterns of 286 individual marathon runners between the 10 km and 32 km race locations and observed increased frequency of rearfoot striking at 32 km. A large percentage of runners switched from midfoot and forefoot foot strikes at 10 km to rearfoot strikes at 32 km. The frequency of discrete foot strike asymmetry declined from the 10 km to the 32 km location. Among marathon runners, we found no significant relationship between foot strike patterns and race times. 相似文献
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Andy Marc Adrien Sedeaud Marion Guillaume Melissa Rizk Julien Schipman Juliana Antero-Jacquemin 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):524-532
AbstractAs opposed to many other track-and-field events, marathon performances still improve. We choose to better describe the reasons for such a progression. The 100 best marathon runners archived from January 1990 to December 2011 for men and from January 1996 to December 2011 for women were analysed. We determined the impact of historical, demographic, physiological, seasonal and environmental factors. Performances in marathons improve at every level of performance (deciles). In 2011, 94% of the 100 best men athletes were African runners; among women athletes they were 52%. Morphological indicators (stature, body mass and Body Mass Index (BMI)) have decreased. We show a parabolic function between BMI and running speed. The seasonal distribution has two peaks, in spring (weeks 14 to 17) and autumn (weeks 41 to 44). During both periods, the average temperature of the host cities varies close to optimal value for long distance race. African men and women runners are increasingly dominating the marathon and pushing its record, through optimal eco-physiological conditions. 相似文献