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1.
AbstractThis paper investigates the elite sport legacies of hosting the Summer Olympics for China (Beijing 2008) and Australia (Sydney 2000). The classic organizational life cycle approach provides the conceptual framework for this retroductive study. The data for both cases are sourced from official publications, academic research, and documents from various government departments and organizations. Additional data are drawn from three semi-structured interviews with key Chinese stakeholders. The analysis provides clear evidence that governments and their stakeholders use the opportunities afforded by a home Olympics to boost Olympic performance. China and Australia experienced a similar four-phase pattern of elite sport legacy life cycle: start-up, growth, maintenance, and decline. Both countries also shared many similar policy and management factors throughout each stage. An increased awareness of the sequential nature of elite sport legacy can help Olympic host countries make a more informed decision about their long-term strategies for elite sport success. 相似文献
2.
运用思辨研究的方法从国家形象的概念与内涵出发,对我国国家形象面临的危机以及伦敦奥运会我国国家形象的构建与表达进行研究。认为:1)注重媒介传播过程中文化中国形象的构建;2)提升国家话语能力,摒弃体育政治功能的泛化;3)展现新体育观,避免民族主义的过度宣扬是新时期国家形象构建的主要策略。借助奥运会契机将世界关注的目标转向中国文化,积极培育多元行为的参与,坦诚推进文化的交流与沟通;通过中国体育代表团领导的话语能力及其效果,国家媒体对国家形象传播的话语能力及效果,中国体育代表团中运动员的个体话语能力及效果来实现国家话语能力是新时期国家形象构建的主要策略和价值取向。 相似文献
3.
奥运会为中国体育政策的发展留下了宝贵遗产，特别是北京冬奥会的申办和筹备不仅加快了大众参与冰雪运动的相关政策制定及议程落实，也进一步丰富了奥运遗产的积淀。我国体育政策正在构建“多元的”“现实主义的”奥运话语体系，相比北京夏奥会，冬奥会的政策遗产更清晰，也更具可持续性。采用内容分析法和扎根理论，选取与2008年北京夏奥会和2022年北京冬奥会相关的国家层面体育政策（2001—2021年）进行分析，阐述北京夏冬奥运会影响我国国家体育政策的演进历程及时代特征的逻辑关系。研究认为，以北京夏冬奥运会为导向的国家体育政策演进呈现出3个特色鲜明的时代特征：北京夏奥会促进体育功能价值逐渐扩大（2001—2008年）；北京夏奥会助力体育强国战略的开启（2009—2014年）；北京冬奥会推动体育在国家经济社会发展的多元价值升级（2015—2021年）。 相似文献
4.
AbstractThe Olympic Games of the modern era are powerful global mediated events. Olympic cities receive an overwhelming examination by world media. As the 2016 Olympic host, Rio de Janeiro has been given an enormous amount of attention, both by the international media and researchers who looked at the urban spaces of Rio, the struggles over the hegemony of the city and the social meanings the Olympics bring to the host city’s citizens. However, studies over the historical relationship between Rio, sport and media are rare. This paper addresses the historical uses of the term Olympic by Brazilian media during the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. By looking at the main articles in the newspapers of these periods, we examine the extent to which ideologies over sports have changed the way the Olympics were represented in Brazil’s national imaginary. We demonstrate how the use of expressions associated with the Olympics historically generated a closer appreciation of these events by the public. We also show how political authorities appropriated the Olympics for their own benefit. The paper concludes by asking whether or not the historical lessons from the early Olympic ideas in Brazil have been learned by the 2016 Rio Games organizers. 相似文献
5.
The management of the Olympic Games has changed significantly since the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games. The introduction of commercialisation probably saved the Olympic Games from a fateful crisis. It brought financial stability and attracted cities to bid for the Games. On the other hand, the impact of hosting the Olympic Games increased as more stakeholders became involved in its management. In addition, the global community became concerned about environmental issues. Global organisations including the International Olympic Committee (IOC) were required to take actions towards sustainable development. In this context, the debate regarding the Olympic legacy became of interest among stakeholders and researchers. The IOC introduced indicators to measure impact and legacy, which is now referred to as Olympic Games Impact (OGI). However, there are some issues in the current OGI study. This paper aims to suggest a theoretical approach which would contribute to solve the issues by focusing on sustainable sport legacy as an example. The proposed theoretical approach is focusing on event objective and analysing the relationship between sport policy and sport legacy development concentrated on the process and opportunity rather than the outcome. 相似文献
6.
奥运会媒体运行是实现奥林匹克传播目标的重要支撑体系。《奥林匹克2020议程》及办奥“新规范”与中国“绿色办奥、共享办奥、开放办奥、廉洁办奥”的理念为2022年北京冬奥会媒体运行提出了新要求,其核心是节俭办奥与利益相关方体验同等重要,需要在两者之间寻找最佳平衡点。历届奥运会媒体运行经验、规范以及未来奥运会媒体体验愿景,可为深度理解媒体需求、实现精准而避免浪费的媒体运行提供参考。基于奥运会媒体运行历史溯源、2022年北京冬奥会媒体体验愿景问卷调查、北京冬奥组委媒体运行部深度访谈,以奥运媒体体验为研究重点,系统考察了奥运媒体运行体系中包含媒体后勤服务、奥林匹克信息服务、新闻中心与媒体村等媒体场馆建设及服务的多个子系统的规范与创新,发现专业、便捷、温暖、实用是受访中外记者对冬奥会媒体运行体系的核心体验目标。 相似文献
7.
AbstractFootball is among the world’s most popular sports. It is also one which China has sought to develop in the field of global professional sport. Nevertheless, the professionalization of football in China has not to date actually improved China’s Olympic achievement in the sport. In stark contrast to the glory of being the country that won most gold medals at the 2008 Olympics, China’s poor football performance has been troublesome for the country’s leader. In 2009, newly elected Xi Jin-Ping made a public statement about promoting elite football and expressed his personal hope that China would be capable of both qualifying for the final stages and winning the FIFA World Cup. With such concern on the part of the state leader, attention turned to football, with many private enterprises beginning to echo government policy by demonstrating a willingness to promote elite football. In addition, to accelerate football development, the Chinese Government promised to take action on the separation of government football associations. Research on this process was based on the theoretical framework of state corporatism derived from Schmitter’s work of 1974. Semi-structured interviews were conducted as the method of data collection aimed at helping us understand how Chinese Government either integrated or controlled relevant stakeholders such as NGOs and private enterprises, and further, to discuss the interactions between them. 相似文献
8.
AbstractOver the last three centuries (nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first) humanity has been facing huge political and ideological conflicts, especially wars. For these reasons, it was seen how necessary it was to create global institutions that aimed to promote peace and reduce or stop conflicts of this magnitude. Therefore, an international institution had already brought on its premises the principles of international peace and reconciliation through sport: the International Olympic Committee (IOC). However, despite bringing together nations around peaceful ties in an international competition, the IOC and the Olympic Games event have always been affected by constant conflicts along their path in the twentieth century, emphasizing issues involving nationalities. Thereby, in a mediator posture of international conflicts and in an effort to reduce the subversions that surrounded it, the IOC, in the 1990s, created the delegation of Independent Olympic Athletes. Such a delegation consists of athletes who cannot represent their respective nationalities at the Olympics due to political factors and/or armament conflicts. This proposal of the IOC demonstrates its posture to avoid, minimize, and even cease ideological and political events that might interfere with the Olympics Games or the athletes participating in them. 相似文献
9.
奥运会备战是为我国竞技体育在奥运会上取得优异成绩的重要准备工作。随着国际体育法治的发展和奥运会体育纠纷解决的法治化,以及近年来我国在奥运会和其他国际大赛中遭遇的体育纠纷不断增加,通过奥运会法律备战,为中国体育代表团参加奥运会提供全方位的法律保障已经成为奥运会备战的重要需求。文章采用文献资料法、案例分析法等方法,就我国奥运会法律备战的必要性、奥运会法律保障周期划分、奥运会法律备战的基本内容等进行了深入的分析。研究认为,在我国奥运会备战中,应该增加法律备战的内容,以东京奥运会为契机建立起包括奥运会在内的国际大型体育赛事的法律备战机制,成立奥运会体育法律团队,制定奥运会法律保障策略,为中国体育代表团在奥运会前、奥运会中和奥运会后的一定时间段提供全方位的法律保障。 相似文献
10.
北京奥运会是一种历史记忆,还是一种具有永恒现代性指意的仪式,其呈现出来的宏大的叙事性压倒了中国人对奥运会赛事内涵的记忆,从而形成了中国历史进程的文化纪念碑。北京奥运会是中国的国家秩序变更后催生出来的仪式化产物,它还是一种对中国固有仪式的升华形态。中国体育代表团在2008年的北京奥运会中取得了51枚金牌是由于举国体制的制度支撑,北京奥运会就此得以升华为一种中国内产式国家仪式。奥运会还是一种身体展示度极强的仪式活动,具有很强的表演性,北京奥运会也成为中国人寻找与西方社会和解的突围点。北京奥运会缔造出来的强大的超仪式的视听镜像提升了中国人的民族自信力,在更高的意义上重塑了国民形象。 相似文献
11.
丁剑翘 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(10):124-125
随着北京奥运会的结束，中国也随即进入了后奥运时代，本文从中西方体育价值观形成的文化体系入手，站在中国传统文化的角度上反思中国人在奥运会结束之后在健康观、经济观、社会观、政治观和荣誉观等方面的变化，以此来重新认识中国体育价值观。 相似文献
12.
以近10届冬奥会(第14—23届冬奥会)东道国为研究对象,系统研究冬奥会主办国金牌数量、奖牌数量、奖牌榜排名、不同运动分项奖牌数量等东道国优势特征,从国家竞技体育发展政策与经费投入、主场观众因素、场地熟悉程度、运动员参赛人数等角度分析冬奥会东道国优势效应产生原因;建立逻辑回归模型,预测我国运动员2022年北京冬奥会奖牌数量将创冬奥会参赛史最好成绩。借鉴冬奥会东道国办赛经验,提出我国运动员备战2022年北京冬奥会、创造冬奥会最佳参赛成绩策略:1)妥善应对疫情,实现参赛出彩目标;2)突出优势项目,确保运动员争金夺牌;3)利用场地优势,实现运动成绩新突破;4)适应观众氛围,发挥运动员最佳竞技状态;5)补齐项目短板,赛出运动员风格与水平。 相似文献
13.
抓住北京奥运会契机，发展我国群体事业 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从奥运会和大众体育的本质属性看两者的关系,指出发展大众体育是奥林匹克运动的重要目标,奥运会也对大众体育产生着积极影响。从发展群众体育的角度来看待正在筹备中的北京奥运会,它为我国群众体育发展带来了机遇。进一步提出以北京奥运会促进我国群众体育发展的具体措施。 相似文献
14.
高巍 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(3):101-103
2008年奥运会选择北京是历史必然，奥运会在中国举办为中国更快地走向世界，让世界了解中国提供了良好的机会，同时，为中国体育文化的发展提供了强大的动力。而中国传统体育文化强调人与自然的和谐统一，崇德尚礼，重视理想人格的塑造，坚持健身祛病的体育功能，对发扬奥林匹克精神具有重要借鉴意义。2008年北京奥运会，西方体育文化与东方文化在此交汇、碰撞，必将给中国体育文化带来重大影响。 相似文献
15.
对参加2012年伦敦奥运会前济南集训的中国跳水队12名队员进行深入的半结构式访谈,把访谈录音逐字转化成文本,经运动员确认后,使用质性分析软件QSR Nvivo8对访谈结果进行归纳性内容分析。归纳出中国跳水运动员备战伦敦奥运会赛前心理准备的内容,共40个原始数据主题,进一步总结出14个高级主题,并且在14个高级主题的基础上得到4个概括性维度：日常生活规律,训练中的精神状态,对其他因素的认知,以及自由时间安排4个概括性维度。根据中国跳水运动员备战伦敦奥运会赛前心理准备的内容,开发奥运集训信息共享平台服务、训练基地心理综合调节室、重点运动员个性化心理干预、伦敦奥运会逆境应对心理手册及奥运比赛现场场景模拟训练等心理调节手段,从而为针对性的心理调节以及以后的备战提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
16.
2012伦敦奥运会筹办最突出的特征是其社会参与的多样性和广泛性。这与其奥运会组织者提出的办一届"每个人奥运会"的愿景具有内在的逻辑联系,旨在让奥运会从筹办开始就成为每一个人可以真切体验的事件,化为自己的生活经历,从而认同和选择奥运所提倡的通过参与体育促进个体发展,改善生活方式的理念。为了保证奥运筹办因社会广泛而多样的参与形成共识和合力,避免可能出现的冲突。伦敦奥运会的组织者为之设立了既能表达意见又能保持共识的法制平台,既分工明确又相互合作的组织机制,鼓励多元共享的参与方式及公开透明的筹办氛围。伦敦奥运会的筹办模式对目前奥运会等大型体育赛事的运作和体育参与中出现的问题,有很强的针对性,值得认真借鉴。 相似文献
17.
Sport has proven to be an unstoppable globalising force. The Olympic Movement has come to epitomise modernisation and the extent to which Western sport has become globalised. The philosophy of Olympism, once resting upon just two pillars of Excellence in Sport and Culture has since 1994 been underpinned by a third, the Environment. All of the Olympic Games host cities now have to support a responsible concern for environmental issues and with that the very sustainability of ‘our’ culture, and sport itself. They must do so by bequeathing a holistic positive legacy from their Games. This paper will analyse the three ‘Asian’ Olympic Summer Olympic Games – Tokyo 1964, Seoul 1988 and Beijing 2008 – by looking at the cultural, sporting and environmental legacies each has left. The discussion of the concept of sustainability as an element of culture will embrace Littig and Griessler’s idea that social sustainability is about the quality of societies expressed through the nature-society relationships and is not merely an economically based notion.1 In this paper we consider the three Asian Summer Olympic Games. Each has been related to a specific nodal point in the host country's national history, as a means of illustrating, indeed emphasising, the always unique impacts of context on event and process. Yet we propose that, locked as they are in distinct epochs and differing cultural, political and economic contexts, they are nonetheless marked in common by an Asian discourse heavily reliant upon economic and nationalistic motivations. The progressive analysis of each Games demonstrates that although each was unique, particularly in regards to the expectations stakeholders had of ‘their Olympics’, all three host nations represented themselves as ‘modern hybrids’ by simultaneously demonstrating their modernised characters and emphasising their ancient cultures. The analysis demonstrates the holistic impact of these events by reference to the wide range of economic, social, cultural and sporting changes that have emerged for each host from each festival. The evaluation of the nature and significance of these legacies reemphasises the impact of the Olympic Games as a vehicle for social change and illustrates the transformative power of sport at national and global levels. 相似文献
18.
文章介绍了中国恢复国际奥委会合法席位后所参加的历届冬夏季奥运会,以2008年奥运会为分界,将中国体育发展分为体育大国和体育强国建设阶段,论证奥林匹克运动对中国体育发展的影响和中国体育在奥林匹克运动发展中所扮演的重要角色。提醒国人须清醒认识到我国体育实力仍与强国存在差距。还认为,奥运不只是金牌,体育也不只是竞技、赛场和强身健体,我国应加强对体育真实内涵和奥林匹克真谛精神的宣传教育。 相似文献
19.
Thomas M. Hunt 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(6):796-818
The Olympics were a site of Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. The successes of the Soviet Union eventually captured the attention of American policy-makers, who responded with the Amateur Sports Act of 1978. This article argues that the poor performance of the American team at the 1972 Olympic Games provided a ‘focusing event’ out of which the act emerged. It will further argue that the act's focus on elite athletics was a product of a perception in the late 1960s and 1970s that losses at international sport competitions detracted from American prestige abroad. The conservative political ideologies and athletic experiences of presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford did much to shape the way in which the problems in American athletics were approached. 相似文献
20.
通过奥运会对举办国竞技体育的夺金实力、高水平竞技人才和举办大型体育赛事的影响研究,论证奥运会对举办国竞技体育的积极推动作用,为我国通过承办2008年奥运会促进竞技体育发展,提升国际地位提供参考。 相似文献