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《2008美国体力活动指南》针对体力活动与中老年人功能健康和残障的相关研究进行系统检索及回顾分析,得出3个结论：（1）规律的体力活动能够预防或推迟功能受限和角色受限的发生;（2）规律的体力活动能够促进或维持功能能力和角色能力;（3）规律的体力活动能够降低老年人跌倒及其相关伤害的风险。因此提出,由于老年人参与体力活动最少而发生残障的危险最高,促进老年人的体力活动是一项非常重要的公众健康目标。 相似文献
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国际组织和各国政府关于运动促进健康政策及措施的分析与比较 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
为更好的借鉴国际上的有关经验，组织我国全民健身和健康促进活动，通过分析比较国际组织和各国政府关于运动促进健康的政策、建议、法规、指南等内容，可以看出缺乏体力活动对人类健康的危害已经得到国际上的广泛公认。对此，在发达国家中，政府采取了有效的应对措施；而在经济发展较快的一些发展中国家中，体力活动不足正在成为更加突出的疾病危险因素，需要采取更积极的措施。 相似文献
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简述国外体力活动指南 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
当前各种世界组织一致同意推荐的体力活动指南为：提高和维持时间健康的体力活动最小的运动剂量是每天进行30min的中等强度体力活动,每周≥5次。这一指南提出基于有氧型体力活动的相关研究。体力活动和身体健康之间的关系非常复杂。运动的次数、强度、时间和方式影响健康的获得,充分认识其中的相关变化,有利于促进和提高民众的身体健康。 相似文献
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陈斌 《体育科技文献通报》2014,(9):88-90
目的：本文旨在了解苏州地区初中生体质与体力活动现状,并分析体质与体力活动之间的相关性,以期为苏州市初中学校针对性地提高学生体力活动和体质水平提供科学依据。方法：对苏州某初中657名初中生进行体质测试,对其中280名初中生发放＂Bouchard体力活动日记＂和Yamax Digi-walker701型计步器,记录其每天的步行数,共记录一个星期。用Excel软件和SPSS软件对数据进行分析处理。结果：初中男、女生周末步行数与体质成绩呈显著性相关,相关系数分别为0.200（p〈0.01）和0.157（p〈0.05）;周末静坐时间和一周静坐时间与学生的BMI存在显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.143（p〈0.05）和0.111（p〈0.05）。结论：初中生的体力活动与体质有一定关系,周末的体力活动量对于学生的体质影响较大。 相似文献
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2008年10月，《2008美国国民体力活动指南（2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans）》正式由美国健康与人类服务部（Department of Health and Human Services，HHS）发行，标志着美国历史上首个全国性的有关身体锻炼的综合指南正式诞生。该指南意在督促和指导美国国民参与到健身活动中来以促进身体健康水平、提高生活质量。虽然该指南的具体内容是基于大量运动和健康的科学研究并结合美国具体国情确定的针对美国国民的指导性文件，但对于我国国民同样具有参考价值。作为体育教师， 相似文献
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Malte Bödeker Jens Bucksch Birgit Wallmann-Sperlich 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2018,22(1):61-69
The Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire allows to assess physical activity within and outside the neighborhood. Study objectives were to examine the criterion-related validity and health/functioning associations of Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire-derived physical activity in German older adults. A total of 107 adults aged ≥60 years completed the Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire and Short Form 12 Health Survey. A subsample of 58 participants wore piezoelectric pedometers for 7 consecutive days. Rank correlation coefficients (ρ) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for the criterion-related validity and health/functioning associations of single Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire modules and total physical activity. Criterion-related validity was moderate (ρ ≤ .60) for total physical activity, total walking, and neighborhood walking, but low (ρ ≤ .40) for walking outside the neighborhood. Health/functioning associations were moderate for recreation walking and low for total physical activity, total walking, and walking within as well as outside the neighborhood. The study provides low-to-moderate validity evidence of Neighborhood Physical Activity Questionnaire-derived physical activity in older adults. 相似文献
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《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(6):648-655
Physical inactivity is a well-established risk factor for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. There is a growing awareness that physical inactivity should also be regarded as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections (ARIs). ARIs, such as the common cold, influenza, pneumonia, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are among the most pervasive diseases on earth and cause widespread morbidity and mortality. Evidence in support of the linkage between ARIs and physical inactivity has been strengthened during the COVID-19 pandemic because of increased scientific scrutiny. Large-scale studies have consistently reported that the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes is elevated in cohorts with low physical activity and/or physical fitness, even after adjusting for other risk factors. The lowered risk for severe COVID-19 and other ARIs in physically active groups is attributed to exercise-induced immunoprotective effects, including enhanced surveillance of key immune cells and reduced chronic inflammation. Scientific consensus groups, including those who submitted the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, have not yet given this area of research the respect that is due. It is time to add “reduced risk for ARIs” to the “Exercise is Medicine” list of physical activity-related health benefits. 相似文献
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Children's physical activity and physical self-perceptions 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical self-perceptions and physical activity in Canadian school children aged 10-14 years. The sample consisted of 220 boys and 246 girls in grades 5-8. Physical activity was assessed by 7-day recall using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Self-perceptions of physical conditioning, sports competence, strength, body appearance and general physical self-worth were measured by the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP). We found that boys were more physically active than girls and had higher perceptions of sport competence and strength. All PSPP scales were significantly correlated with physical activity in both boys and girls. Structural equation modelling procedures found the hierarchical PSPP model provided a good fit to the observed data, with little evidence of differences between the sexes. Analysis of five alternative structural models of the relationship between the PSPP and physical activity found the most parsimonious model to have significant pathways from both physical conditioning and sport skills to physical activity. Models for the sample as a whole, for boys and for girls were similar, accounting for an R2 of 0.27-0.29 for physical activity. Our results demonstrate that physical self-perceptions, especially physical conditioning and sport skills, are significant correlates of activity in this population. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical self-perceptions and physical activity in Canadian school children aged 10–14 years. The sample consisted of 220 boys and 246 girls in grades 5–8. Physical activity was assessed by 7-day recall using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Selfperceptions of physical conditioning, sports competence, strength, body appearance and general physical selfworth were measured by the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP). We found that boys were more physically active than girls and had higher perceptions of sport competence and strength. All PSPP scales were significantly correlated with physical activity in both boys and girls. Structural equation modelling procedures found the hierarchical PSPP model provided a good fit to the observed data, with little evidence of diff erences between the sexes. Analysis of five alternative structural models of the relationship between the PSPP and physical activity found the most parsimonious model to have significant pathways from both physical conditioning and sport skills to physical activity. Models for the sample as a whole, for boys and for girls were similar, accounting for an R 2 of 0.27–0.29 for physical activity. Our results demonstrate that physical self-perceptions, especially physical conditioning and sport skills, are significant correlates of activity in this population. 相似文献
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Javier Benítez-Porres Manuel Delgado Jonatan R. Ruiz 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(16):1741-1752
AbstractThe International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) has been widely used to assess physical activity in healthy populations. The present study compared physical activity assessed by the long, self-administrated version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire with physical activity assessed by accelerometry in patients with fibromyalgia. A total of 99 (five men) participants with fibromyalgia completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for nine consecutive days. We analysed the correlations of physical activity expressed as min · day?1 of light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate to vigorous (MVPA) intensity, as well as time spent sitting, by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and accelerometry by Spearman correlations. Bland and Altman plots were performed to verify the agreements between both instruments. The results showed weak yet significant correlations (Rs = 0.15–0.39, all P < 0.05) in all physical activity intensities between the two instruments, except for sedentary time. The highest correlations were observed for physical activity at home or in garden (Rs = 0.297, P < 0.01). The results suggest that the long self-administrated International Physical Activity Questionnaire is a questionable instrument to assess physical activity in patients with fibromyalgia. Therefore, physical activity measurement in fibromyalgia patients should not be limited solely to self-reported measures. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to investigate changes in physical activity across pregnancy and the relationship between trimester-specific physical activity and unplanned caesarean sections (CSs). A cohort study design was carried out. A cohort of 150 pregnant women was established when they received prenatal care at 29–40 weeks of gestation at a medical centre in northern Taiwan. Participants were asked to recall the amounts of physical activity in which they had engaged in the three trimesters as assessed by the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). Overall self-reported physical activity for the cohort decreased by 31% in the first trimester compared to the pre-gravid period, then increased in the second trimester and remained stable until delivery. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the data and revealed significantly more physical activity during the second trimester than in the first and third trimesters (F = 36.471, P = 0.000). In addition, there was a significant difference between normal spontaneous delivery and unplanned CS groups (F = 4.770, P = 0.031). Logistic regression determined that the odds ratio of undergoing a CS increased by 0.644 (95% confidence interval: 0.429–0.968) for women in the third trimester who performed low levels of physical activity. Results support the benefits of physical activity, and professionals are encouraged to provide pregnant women with information on recommendations for physical activity, particularly in terms of reducing unplanned CSs. 相似文献
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Stephen D. Herrmann Kristin J. Heumann Cheryl A. Der Ananian Barbara E. Ainsworth 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(3):221-235
There is limited published validity and reliability evidence to support using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Two studies were conducted to evaluate validity and reliability evidence for the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. In Study 1: 69 adults completed the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (three months apart; n?=?54), International Physical Activity Questionnaire, fitness and anthropometric measures. All participants wore a pedometer and 53 participants wore an accelerometer for seven days at baseline. In Study 2, 16 adults completed the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire 10 days apart. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire moderate and vigorous minutes were correlated with the accelerometer moderate (r?=?0.28) and vigorous (r?=?0.48) physical activity. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire were related for sedentary behaviors (r?=?0.51), moderate-to-vigorous (r?=?0.48) and vigorous (r?=?0.63) PA. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with percent fat (r =??0.32), estimated VO2 max (r?=?0.26), and step count (r?=?0.39). The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire demonstrated graded differences across categories for step count, body mass index, waist circumference, percent fat, fitness, and accelerometer measured activity. Short-term test–retest reliability (10 days) ranged from 0.83 to 0.96 while long-term reliability (three months) was 0.53 to 0.83. These data provide low-to-moderate validity and generally acceptable reliability evidence for the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. 相似文献