共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
目的:研究踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻类跳马动作,揭示这类跳马的运动学规律和技术特点.方法:对程菲和洪淑贞完成的"踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻转体180"(简称"R180"),以及程菲完成的"踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻转体540°"("程菲跳")进行三维运动学分析,对三组跳马动作身体重心的水平速度和垂直速度、主要关节的位移、关节角度、身体翻转角速度等运动学参数进行对比分析.结果:三组动作踏板时重心水平速度基本相同,踏板及推手阶段关键位置的关节角度相近,但"程菲跳"推离马重心垂直速度和第二腾空时间明显高于"R180",第二腾空转体角速度略大于"R180"的3倍,而翻腾角速度略小.结论:踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻类跳马动作触马前的技术动作基本相同,难度较高的技术动作需要更高的推离马垂直速度和更快的第二腾空转体角速度. 相似文献
2.
单板U型场地滑雪项目技术动作的特征研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过对单板U型场地滑雪项目比赛中运动员技术动作分析后发现,空翻与转体是整套动作的难度核心。为更好地了解空翻与转体动作的特性,主要运用运动生物力学基础理论和现场观察、文献资料等方法,对空翻和转体动作进行生物力学分析。结果表明：人体的转动轴、翻转的时空特征、翻转的角速度变化、人体转动惯量以及运动员身体形态、腾空姿态等因素均对空翻与转体动作产生影响。为此建议运动员提高翻转时对高度、速率和角度的控制,不断提高技术难度。 相似文献
3.
采用三维高速摄影和影片解析的方法,对我国优秀男子体操运动员黄力平、黄华东等人完成跳马“踺子转体180°前手翻”类动作纵转180°技术时的空间及时空特征等,进行比较分析。结果显示,完成纵转180°技术时,应避免在踏板阶段过早转体;应充分利用手臂的非对称性运动,做到“快转体,早摆腿”;推手阶段要尽可能利用腕、肘、肩的弯屈度,充分推伸、拉展等。 相似文献
4.
刘红;詹晓梅;袁文丽 《湖北体育科技》2013,(10):911-913
运用三维实验测量为主的方法,对我国优秀竞技健美操运动员转体180°屈体跳再转体180°成俯撑C477进行运动学分析。 相似文献
5.
我国蹦床运动员起跳网上转体研究报告 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
主要采用摄像法和影像解析法对我国蹦床运动员起跳网上转体问题进行研究。研究结果表明:起跳网上转体目前是我国蹦床运动员普遍存在的技术错误之一。它不但影响腾起高度及动作姿态,还易导致身体横向水平位移。当完成翻转周数、转体度数较少的空翻转体动作时应采用非惯性转体技术;当完成翻转周数、转体度数较多的空翻转体动作时,在保证充分压网与蹬伸的前提下,身体离网瞬间即可开始转体。 相似文献
6.
主要采用摄像法和影像解析法对我国蹦床运动员起跳网上转体问题进行研究。研究结果表明：起跳网上转体目前是我国蹦床运动员较普遍存在的技术错误之一。它不但影响腾起高度及动作姿态，还易导致身体横向水平位移。当完成翻转周数、转体度数较少的空翻转体动作时应采用非惯性转体技术；当完成翻转周数、转体度数较多的空翻转体动作时，在保证充分压网与蹬伸的前提下，身体离网瞬间即可开始转体。 相似文献
7.
采用运动生物力学分析、对比分析、文献资料等方法,对我国优秀男子蹦床运动员陆春龙与董栋813〈起跳技术进行研究。结果表明：完成813〈时以一定的入网角触网;蹬伸从“最佳登伸”时刻开始达到“人网合一”的最佳效果;到压网最低点时压网要充分;离网时以一定角度离网,带臂要对称,头部要梗直,向前上方挺髋拱膝上体有一定范围的后倒,避免出现起跳网上转体现象。 相似文献
8.
影响武术旋风脚720°完成的生物力学探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
转动惯量的大小、分布和转轴的位置是决定720°旋风脚顺利完成的关键。好的身体姿态能促进转动惯量和角速度的调整。腾空高度是影响720°旋风脚空中转体与落地稳定性的重要因素,空中转体的速度能弥补运动员腾空高度的不够。在720°旋风脚踏跳时,身体已经绕纵轴拧转了一定的角度,这是因为偏心力矩存在而产生的,在适当的倾斜角度内产生的偏心力矩对完成720°旋风脚转体非常有利。 相似文献
9.
对于在12公尺占方的地毯上出现的横轴空翻两周再加纵轴转体360°——“旋”空翻难新动作。我从生理形态角度进行了分析和教练实践,体会到:要使该动作成功,运动员在为腾空高度所需的起跳技术及空翻所需的翻转技术的基础上,须掌握确准转体最有效契机,处理好纵轴转体技术。“旋”空翻,在目前的技术概念上有“前旋”与“后旋”之分。“前旋”,指小翻起跳带臂转体180°接前空翻,当第一周前空翻过1/2周左右时发力完成后180°纵轴转体,然后接第二周团身后空翻。“后旋”即在小翻起跳后在第一周后空翻的开始阶段就开始完成一个完整的 相似文献
10.
转动惯量的大小、分布和转轴的位置是决定720°旋风脚能否顺利完成的关键,好的身体姿态能促进转动惯量和角速度的调整.腾空高度是影响720°旋风脚空中转体与落地稳定性的重要因素,空中转体的速度能弥补运动员腾空高度不够的问题.在720°旋风脚踏跳时,身体已经绕纵轴拧转了一定的角度,这正是因为偏心力矩的存在而产生的,在适当的倾斜角度内产生的偏心力矩对空中完成720°旋风脚转体非常有利. 相似文献
11.
Jemin Kim Margaret A. Wilson Kunal Singhal Sarah Gamblin Cha-Young Suh 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2014,13(3):215-229
The purpose of this study was to investigate the vertical angular momentum generation strategies used by skilled ballet dancers in pirouette en dehors. Select kinematic parameters of the pirouette preparation (stance depth, vertical center-of-mass motion range, initial shoulder line position, shoulder line angular displacement, and maximum trunk twist angle) along with vertical angular momentum parameters during the turn (maximum momentums of the whole body and body parts, and duration and rate of generation) were obtained from nine skilled collegiate ballet dancers through a three-dimensional motion analysis and compared among three turn conditions (single, double, and triple). A one-way (‘turn’) multivariate analysis of variance of the kinematic parameters and angular momentum parameters of the whole body and a two-way analysis of variance (‘turn’ × ‘body’) of the maximum angular momentums of the body parts were conducted. Significant ‘turn’ effects were observed in the kinematic/angular momentum parameters (both the preparation and the turn) (p < 0.05). As the number of turns increased, skilled dancers generated larger vertical angular momentums by predominantly increasing the rate of momentum generation using rotation of the upper trunk and arms. The trail (closing) arm showed the largest contribution to whole-body angular momentum followed by the lead arm. 相似文献
12.
The purpose of this study was to measure the contributions of the motions of body segments and joints to racquet head speed during the tennis serve. Nine experienced male players were studied using three-dimensional film analysis. Upper arm twist orientations were calculated with two alternative methods using joint centres and skin-attached markers. The results showed that skin-attached markers could not be used to calculate accurate upper arm twist orientations due to skin movement, and that the use of joint centres produced errors of more than 20 degrees in the upper arm twist orientation when the computed elbow flexion/extension angle exceeded 135 degrees in the final 0.03 s before impact. When there were large errors in the upper arm twist orientation, it was impossible to obtain accurate data for shoulder or elbow joint rotations about any axis. Considering only the contributors that could be measured within our standards of acceptable error, the approximate sequential order of main contributors to racquet speed between maximum knee flexion and impact was: shoulder external rotation, wrist extension, twist rotation of the lower trunk, twist rotation of the upper trunk relative to the lower trunk, shoulder abduction, elbow extension, ulnar deviation rotation, a second twist rotation of the upper trunk relative to the lower trunk, and wrist flexion. The elbow extension and wrist flexion contributions were especially large. Forearm pronation made a brief negative contribution. Computed contributions of shoulder internal rotation, elbow extension and forearm pronation within the final 0.03 s before impact were questionable due to the large degree of elbow extension. Near impact, the combined contribution of shoulder flexion/extension and abduction/adduction rotations to racquet speed was negligible. 相似文献
13.
M.R. Yeadon 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):199-208
A simulation model and a rigid body model are used to investigate twisting initiated during the take‐off or contact phase. It is shown that it is possible to produce a full twist solely by building up angular momentum in the arms during the contact phase. This method is only half as effective as building up momentum in the whole body during contact. The introduction of twist into a somersault changes the somersault rate by less than 1%. By timing arm adduction appropriately, it is possible to take advantage of nutation and boost the initial value of the tilt angle and so obtain a greater twist rate. Twist may be stopped by the action of piking, since the motion changes from the twisting mode to the wobbling mode of rigid body motion. Transition to and from these two modes can be used to increase or decrease the tilt angle and twist rate. 相似文献
14.
Rafael E. Bahamonde 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):579-592
Three-dimensional cinematography and the direct linear transformation method were used to obtain the coordinates of the landmarks of five right-handed collegiate tennis players. A 15-segment model was used to calculate the total body angular momentum about three orthogonal axes (X, parallel to the baseline; Y, normal to baseline and pointing towards the net; and Z, pointing upwards) passing through the centre of mass and to obtain the segmental contribution of the trunk, arms and legs. Most of the clockwise angular momentum about the X-axis was concentrated in the trunk and the racket-arm. Between the events of maximum external rotation and ball impact, the clockwise angular momentum about the X-axis of rotation of most body segments was reduced and the racket-arm gained clockwise angular momentum. The body angular momentum about the Y-axis of rotation had two distinct patterns and was the result of the lateral rotation of the trunk as the racket shoulder was elevated in preparation for impact. This body angular momentum was clockwise from the event of maximum external rotation to impact for the players with the greatest ball speed, whereas it was counterclockwise for the other players. The angular momentum about the Z-axis of rotation was small and lacked a consistent pattern. The largest source of angular momentum in the tennis serve derives from the remote angular momentum about the X- and Y-axes of rotation, which are then transferred from the trunk to the racket-arm and finally to the racket. Near impact, most of the angular momentum (75.1%) was concentrated in the racket-arm. Of the angular momentum of the racket-arm, the largest percentages were concentrated in the racket (35.9%) and the forearm segment (25.7%). 相似文献
15.
Changes in angular momentum during the tennis serve 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bahamonde RE 《Journal of sports sciences》2000,18(8):579-592
Three-dimensional cinematography and the direct linear transformation method were used to obtain the coordinates of the landmarks of five right-handed collegiate tennis players. A 15-segment model was used to calculate the total body angular momentum about three orthogonal axes (X, parallel to the baseline; Y, normal to baseline and pointing towards the net; and Z, pointing upwards) passing through the centre of mass and to obtain the segmental contribution of the trunk, arms and legs. Most of the clockwise angular momentum about the X-axis was concentrated in the trunk and the racket-arm. Between the events of maximum external rotation and ball impact, the clockwise angular momentum about the X-axis of rotation of most body segments was reduced and the racket-arm gained clockwise angular momentum. The body angular momentum about the Y-axis of rotation had two distinct patterns and was the result of the lateral rotation of the trunk as the racket shoulder was elevated in preparation for impact. This body angular momentum was clockwise from the event of maximum external rotation to impact for the players with the greatest ball speed, whereas it was counterclockwise for the other players. The angular momentum about the Z-axis of rotation was small and lacked a consistent pattern. The largest source of angular momentum in the tennis serve derives from the remote angular momentum about the X- and Y-axes of rotation, which are then transferred from the trunk to the racket-arm and finally to the racket. Near impact, most of the angular momentum (75.1%) was concentrated in the racket-arm. Of the angular momentum of the racket-arm, the largest percentages were concentrated in the racket (35.9%) and the forearm segment (25.7%). 相似文献
16.
男子背向滑步推铅球最后用力阶段髋肩躯干转动的运动学特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
余章彪 《天津体育学院学报》2009,24(6):529-532
采用影像分析法、文献资料法、对比分析法等对3名优秀男子背向滑步推铅球选手最后用力时躯干动作变化进行研究与分析,以期掌握滑步推铅球运动员在最后用力过程中躯干转动的动作结构、速度变化等特征,对指导实际教学与训练有重要的现实意义.分析表明,在最后用力过程中,3名运动员的躯干动作是在前振的同时进行有序转动的复合运动.优秀铅球运动员的躯干转动技术表明,最后用力阶段.髋轴先于肩轴达到峰值速度,达到峰值后依次快速下降.在铅球出手瞬间躯干接近垂直状态,有一定程度的"前倾"或"后仰".躯干在过渡阶段的适当前振有利于左腿的积极着地,有利于铅球速度和整个身体重心速度的增加,进而缩短过渡阶段进入最后用力阶段的时间. 相似文献
17.
M.R. Yeadon 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):209-218
A simulation model and a rigid body model are used to evaluate aerial twisting techniques. It is found that when somersault is not present, a number of cycles of segment counter‐rotation are required to produce one twist. When somersault is present, twist may be introduced by producing tilt using asymmetrical movements of the arms, chest or hips about the sagittal plane. The same asymmetrical movements may be used to remove tilt, although the effectiveness of these techniques is dependent upon body configuration and the direction of somersault. 相似文献
18.
掷是田径运动中的投掷项目之一，在田径项目中它要求的技术含量非常高，身体素质水平要求也相当全面，尤其对力量素质要求极高，在高速度的旋转中维持身体平衡的能力也相当关键。其影响大小依次为：专项投掷力量，速度力量，基础力量。 相似文献
19.
提高爬泳技术应重视爬泳双臂之间的相互作用。这相互作用有三：一是划水臂随身体的自然转动向前向外伸肩动作，会减小由另一臂空中移动时所造成的上体错误的左右摆动；二是在中长距离中，注意一手臂人水后的前伸动作，可增大划水距离，还有助于另一臂的推水效果；三是一臂的空中移动速度和人水速度的提高有助于另一臂划水效果的提高。 相似文献