共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
肾上腺髓质素在运动心脏重塑中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用文献综述法，对肾上腺髓质素及其与运动心脏重塑的关系进行探讨，分析了肾上腺髓质素在运动心脏重塑中的作用。通过对运动心脏重塑的机制、运动与肾上腺髓质素的关系、肾上腺髓质素的生理作用、肾上腺髓质素的信号传导、分子生物学等方面的研究，认为肾上腺髓质素是维护机体血液动力学稳定的重要因素，是运动心脏重塑的重要介质。 相似文献
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心脏局部RAS与运动心脏重塑之关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用文献综述研究方法,分析了心脏局部RAS与运动心脏重塑之关系,探讨了心脏局部RAS调节运动心脏重塑的机制。提出了心脏局部RAS在运动心脏重塑中有待研究的问题。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法,对降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)及其与运动心脏重塑的研究进行回顾和总结。结果表明:心脏中存在CGRP阳性神经纤维及CGRP受体,这些神经纤维主要来自脊髓背根神经节细胞。通过对运动心脏重塑的机制、运动与CGRP的关系、CGRP的生理作用、CGRP的信号传导途径、细胞培养、分子生物学等方面的研究总结,认为CGRP是维持机体血流动力学稳定的重要代偿因子,是运动心脏重塑的重要介质。 相似文献
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对运动心脏功能进行监测,防止心脏的过度负荷始终是运动医学尤其是医务监骨领域研究的热点之一.对近年新兴的心脏缩血管因子--尾加压素UII的生物学特性及与运动间的关系进行了归纳和总结,以期为科学训练及运动员心脏的保护提供借鉴. 相似文献
6.
运动心脏的回顾,现状和瞻望 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
运动心脏（Ａｔｈｌｅｔｅ’Ｈｅａｒｔ）或称运动员心脏是运动医学中最古老和激动人心的研究课题。今年正值１８９９年瑞典学者Ｈｅｎｓｃｈｅｎ首次提出运动心脏的百年纪念。也是我国正式提出运动医学（包括运动心脏）这一专业术语４０周年。Ｒｏｂｉｎｓｏｎ于１７８４年在其论文中提出,高强度活动的动物,心脏与体重之比较低强度活动动物为大。Ｂｅｒｇｍａｎｎ于１８８４年在动物上观察到野生动物的心脏较家养动物的心脏大。Ｈｅｎｓｃｈｅｎ是利用叩诊法确定１名滑雪选手比赛前后的心界．并报道说“滑雪选手引起心脏增大,他能比正常… 相似文献
7.
龙碧波 《天津体育学院学报》2003,18(4):41-43
运动可影响心脏的内分泌功能。回顾和总结了运动训练与心脏内分泌功能的最新研究概况，讨论了急性运动和慢性运动对ANF、ET、CGRP和AGT等心血管调节肽分泌的影响。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法综述运动对心脏的影响，分别从心脏形态、结构、功能及心脏内分泌作用的变化等进行综述，总结运动性心脏的形成机制。 相似文献
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运动心脏及其形成机制(综述) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用献资料法回顾了运动心脏及内分泌的研究情况，从不同运动项目对心脏形态、结构、功能的影响及心纳素、降钙素基因调节肽、内皮素和血管紧张素等心血管调节肽对心脏内分泌作用两方面进行综述，探讨了运动对心脏的影响及内分泌在运动心脏形成中的作用。 相似文献
11.
BJ-2搏击项群训练与监控系统的应用方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
BJ-2搏击项群训练与监控系统是专门用于对拳击、散打、跆拳道等搏击项目的技术动作进行定量分析与诊断的体育装备,其主要功能有:①获得单击打击力量(F)、打击速度(V)、打击冲量(S)、打击爆发力(P)参数;②获得连击的最大力量(Fm)、连击的最大速度(Vm)、连击的最大冲量(Sm)、连击的最大爆发力(Pm)参数,同时还可获得连击的力量衰减率(Fμ)、速度衰减率(Vμ)、爆发力衰减率(Pμ)参数以及在设定时间内的打击次数(N);③实现测试参数、曲线可视化与储存功能。 相似文献
12.
目的:通过检测补充白藜芦醇(RES)对大强度运动大鼠脑组织抗氧化能力、NO、NOS、ATP酶的影响,探讨RES减缓运动性损伤的效果和机制.方法:以雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,建立大强度递增负荷运动模型,各组大鼠训练结束后匀浆法提取大鼠脑组织匀浆,紫外分光光度计检测大鼠脑组织中总超氧化物歧化酶(tSOD)、CuZn超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)、Mn超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)和总一氧化氮合酶(tNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、结构型一氧化氮合酶(cNOS)、一氧化氮(NO)以及Na+,K+-ATP酶(Na+,K+-ATPase)、Ca2+-ATP酶(Ca2+-ATPase)的表达水平.结果:大强度运动可造成大鼠脑组织中的tSOD、CuZn-SOD、Mn-SOD、MDA、tNOS、iNOS、NO显著升高,GSH-Px、cNOS、Na+,K+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase显著下降.补充RES可使大鼠运动后脑组织中MDA、tNOS、iNOS、NO下降,tSOD、CuZn-SOD、Mn-SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、cNOS、Na+,K+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase活性升高.结论:大强度运动造成脑组织氧化损伤,RES能够有效提高脑组织抗氧化能力,保持脑组织ATPase活性,减轻氧化性损伤. 相似文献
13.
Stephen P Bailey Laureen Brown Elizabeth K Bailey 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2008,19(1):3-10
Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been shown to benefit from participation in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs that include exercise training and education. Purpose: To examine the relationship between improvements in 6 minute walk distance and perceived quality of life in individuals with COPD following completion of a PR program. Methods: The records of 139 individuals completing a PR program (3 times a week for 8 weeks) were retrospectively examined. Prior to entry and upon completion of the program each individual completed a 6 minute walk test (6MWT), the SF-36 Health survey, and the UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire (SOB). SF-36 results were analyzed according to 8 subscales [Physical Functioning (PF), Role Physical (RF), Bodily Pain (BP), General Health (GH), Vitality (V), Social Functioning (SF), Role Emotional (RE), and Mental Health (MH)]. Results: PR resulted in significant improvements in 6MWTdistance (Pre = 845 ± 37 ft, Post = 1127 ± 32 ft, p < 0.001), PF (p < 0.001), RF (p = 0.001), Vitality (p = 0.002), SF (p < 0.001), RE (p = 0.037), MH (p < 0.001) and SOB (Pre = 53 ± 2, Post = 47 ± 2, p < 0.001). The change in 6MWT distance was not related to changes in PF (r = 0.17), RF (r = 0.03), GH (r = 0.03), Vitality (r = −0.001), SF (r = 0.01), RE (r = 0.06), MH (r = −0.04) or SOB (r = 0.12). The magnitude of improvement in 6MWT distance (68%) was much greater than that observed in PF (15%), RF (16%), GH (6%), VT (18%), SF (20%), RE (14%), MH (14%), or SOB (8%). Conclusions: PR has a positive impact on 6 minute walk distance and perceived quality of life in individuals with COPD; however, changes in 6 minute walk distance appear to have no relationship to changes in perceived quality of life. 相似文献
14.
长期有氧运动对衰老大鼠脂质过氧化水平的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选取长期游泳训练为有氧运动模型,观察长期有氧运动对22月龄大鼠血清及肝脏的MDA及SOD的影响,与青年大鼠及22月龄对照组所测得的MDA及SOD值相比较,结果发现与青年对照组相比,22月龄对照组血清MDA下降26.85%(P＜0.05),SOD下降11.6%(P＞0.05),肝脏MDA下降9.2%(P＞0.0J,SOD下降1.3%(P＞0.05);与青年对照组相比,22月龄运动组血清MDA下降72.9%(P＜0.001),SOD下降15.1%(P＞0.0J,肝脏MDA下降35.8%(P＜0.01),SOD上升2.1%(P＜0.01);与22月对照组相比,22月龄运动组血清MDA下降63.5%(P＜0.01),SOD上升2.1%(P＜0.01);与22月对照组相比,22月龄运动组血清MDA下降63.5%(P＜0.01),SOD下降4%(P＞0.05),肝脏MDA下降29.3%(P＜0.05),SOD上升3.5%(P＜0.01) 相似文献
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Caroline Brand Clarice Maria De Lucena Martins Vanilson Batista Lemes Maria Luisa Félix Pessoa Arieli Fernandes Dias Eduardo Lusa Cadore 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(6):682-691
ABSTRACTThis study aimed to verify the effect of a multicomponent intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF), and to determine the prevalence of responders on CMRF among children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. This is a quasi-experimental study, developed with 35 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity (control group (CG) = 18; intervention group (IG) = 17), aged between 7 and 13 years. Participants in IG underwent a multicomponent intervention for 12 weeks. The following variables were evaluated: anthropometric measures, maturational stages and CMRF (body fatness, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, high-density and low-density lipoprotein) (HDL-C, LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST/ALT ratio. Mixed analysis of variance and the prevalence of responders were used for statistical analysis. There was a significant time x group interaction on body fatness (p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (p = 0.01), HDL-C (p < 0.001), LDL-C (p = 0.009) and TC (p < 0.001). The prevalence of responders for CMRF in IG and CG was respectively: body fatness (47%; 0%; p = 0.04), HOMA-IR (58.8%; 16.6%; p = 0.04); triglycerides (17.6%; 5.5%; p = 0.31); HDL-C (76.4%; 5.5%; p = 0.01), LDL-C (35.3%; 5%; p = 0.08), TC (64.7%; 5%; p = 0.01), AST (5.8%; 0%; p = 0.87), ALT (29.4%; 11.1%; p = 0.24) and AST/ALT ratio (24.4%; 22.2%; p = 0.67). Multicomponent intervention induced positive changes on CMRF along with a higher prevalence of positive adaptations in IG than the CG in some of the cardiometabolic outcomes assessed. 相似文献
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Moisés de Hoyo Borja Sañudo Luis Carrasco Jesús Mateo-Cortes Sergio Domínguez-Cobo Orlando Fernandes 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(14):1380-1387
ABSTRACTThe aim of the current study was to analyse the effect of 10-week eccentric overload training on kinetic parameters during change of direction (COD) in U-19 football players. The outcome measured included relative peak braking (rPB) and propulsive force (rPF), contact time (CT), time spent during braking (BT) and propulsive phase (PT), relative total (rTOT_IMP), braking (rB_IMP) and propulsive (rP_IMP) impulses. Between-group results showed a substantial better improvement (likely) in CT (ES: 0.72) and BT (ES: 0.74) during side-step cutting, and in rPB (ES: 0.84) and rB_IMP (ES: 0.72) during crossover cutting, in the experimental group (EXP) in comparison to control group (CON). Within-group analysis showed a substantially better performance (likely to almost certain) in CT (ES: 1.19), BT (ES: 1.24), PT (ES: 0.70), rPB (ES: 0.75), rPF (ES: 0.68), rTOT_IMP (ES: 0.48) and rB_IMP (ES: 0.50) in EXP during side-step cutting. Regarding crossover cutting, within-group analysis showed a substantial better performance (likely to almost certain) in CT (ES: 0.75), rPB (ES: 0.75), rPF (ES: 1.34), rTOT_IMP (ES: 0.61), rB_IMP (ES: 0.76) and rP_IMP (ES: 0.46) in EXP. In conclusion, the eccentric overload-based programme led to an improvement in kinetic parameters during COD football tasks. 相似文献
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Knechtle B Knechtle P Rüst CA Senn O Rosemann T Lepers R 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(9):959-966
We investigated the associations between selected anthropometric and training characteristics with race time in 84 recreational male long-distance inline skaters at the longest inline marathon in Europe, the 'Inline One-eleven' over 111 km in Switzerland, using bi- and multivariate analysis. The mean (s) race time was 264 (41) min. The bivariate analysis showed that age (r = 0.30), body mass (r = 0.42), body mass index (r = 0.35), circumference of upper arm (r = 0.32), circumference of thigh (r = 0.29), circumference of calf (r = 0.38), skin-fold of thigh (r = 0.22), skin-fold of calf (r = 0.27), the sum of skin-folds (r = 0.43), percent body fat (r = 0.45), duration per training unit in inline skating (r = 0.33), and speed during training (r = -0.46) were significantly and positively correlated to race time. Stepwise multiple regression showed that duration per training unit (P = 0.003), age (P = 0.029) and percent body fat (P = 0.016) were the best correlated with race time. Race time in a long-distance inline race such as the 'Inline One-eleven' over 111 km with a mean race time of ～260 min might be predicted by the following equation (r(2) = 0.41): Race time (min) = 114.91 + 0:51* (duration per training unit, min) + 0:85* (age, years) +3:78* (body fat, %) for recreational long-distance inline skaters. 相似文献
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To characterize hypertrophy and quantify seasonal changes in cardiac structure and function of women collegiate basketball (BB) athletes (n = 15), echocardiographic (echo) measurements were made in the fall (FALL1), winter (WIN), and spring (SPR), then again during the subsequent fall (FALL2; n = 10). Comparisons were made to age-matched nonathletes (NA) measured during FALL1 (n = 22) and SPR (n = 5). Left ventricular (LV) internal dimension-diastole (LVIDd), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), stroke volume (SV), LV mass (LVM), septal thickness (IVS), LV posterior wall thickness (LVPW), right ventricular (RV) internal dimension-diastole (RVIDd), and aortic root diameter (AOD) were significantly larger (12-70%) in the athletes; RVIDd-, LVEDV-, SV-, and LVM-index were also significantly greater (8-46%). From FALL1 to SPR measurement periods, LVIDd, RVIDd, LVEDV, SV, IVS, and LVM-index increased significantly (7-18%) in the athletes. Over the same period of time, LVIDd, LAD, AOD, LVEDV, and SV measured in the five NA subjects increased significantly. In the athletes, LVIDs, RVIDd, IVS, LVPW, and LVM decreased significantly (5-30%) from the SPR to FALL2 measurement period. These data characterize the general nature of the cardiac hypertrophy noted in women BB athletes compared to NA controls and show that distinct changes in heart structure corresponding to different periods of the competitive season can occur in these athletes. 相似文献
19.
James W Farris Laura Taylor Megan Williamson Chris Robinson 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2011,22(4):12-20
Childhood obesity is a growing problem, for which multi-disciplinary interventions are needed. Purpose: This interdisciplinary intervention program was designed to improve the health of children who were obese. Methods: Twenty-five children, mean age 8.1 (1.5) years; body mass index (BMI)> 98th percentile, and their parents completed the 12-week (3 days/wk) intervention consisting of aerobic and resistance exercise appropriate to age and developmental levels. Baseline and posttest measures of blood values, fitness, and cardiovascular risk factors were performed. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests with significance accepted at P ≤ .05. Results: Significant differences between means (SD) for pre- and post-measurements were, respectively: BMI 30.31 (4.56), 27.80 (4.54), body-fat percent 43.7 (11.5), 40.7 (10.9), waist circumference 82.1 (7.1), 80.4(6.1) cm, calf circumference 34.2 (3.1), 35.2 (3.1) cm; step-test heart rate 137 (20), 126 (12) bpm, push-ups 1.0 (1.8), 5.6 (3.8), sit-ups 23.6 (12.7), 33.2 (13.8), sit-and-reach 35.1 (7.4), 41.2 (5.8) cm; systolic BP 102 (10), 108 (9) mmHg, glucose 4.9(0.3), 4.8 (0.4) mmol/L, total cholesterol 4.6 (1.0), 4.2 (0.8) mmol/L, ALT 41 (9), 35 (8) U/L, bilirubin 6.3 (2.4), 5.6 (2.1) μmol/L, and BUN 4.9 (1.1), 4.3 (0.9) mmol/L. Conclusions: This interdisciplinary intervention program positively affected the fitness and health status of children who were obese by involving the children and parents.Key Words: childhood obesity, cardiovascular risk factors, health, fitness 相似文献
20.
辽东楤木对过度训练大鼠心肌线粒体氧化损伤预防作用的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
目的:通过建立大鼠过度训练模型,并在建模过程中给大鼠服用辽东楤木来探讨辽东楤木对过度训练大鼠心肌线粒体的氧化损伤是否有预防作用及其机制。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为3组:安静组,运动组,楤木加运动组,运动模式为6周递增负荷游泳,期间给相应组大鼠服用辽东楤木提取物,最后一次运动后24h取样测定各组大鼠血睾酮、皮质酮、血尿素氮、血红蛋白、尿蛋白及心肌线粒体MDA、SOD、GSH等指标。结果:经过6周递增负荷训练,运动组大鼠运动能力下降,血睾酮、血睾酮/皮质酮、血红蛋白均显著下降(P<0.01),血尿素氮和尿蛋白显著增高(P<0.01),心肌线粒体MDA含量显著增高(P<0.01),SOD活性、GSH含量显著下降(P<0.01);训练同时服用辽东楤木的大鼠运动能力较运动组有所提高,血睾酮/皮质酮明显高于运动组(P<0.05),血红蛋白显著高于运动组(P<0.01),血尿素氮和尿蛋白显著低于运动组(P<0.01),心肌线粒体MDA含量明显低于运动组(P<0.05),SOD活性明显高于运动组(P<0.05),GSH含量显著高于运动组(P<0.01)。结论:经过6周递增负荷训练,单纯运动组大鼠呈过度训练状态,心肌线粒体自由基生成增多,抗氧化能力下降,导致线粒体膜发生脂质过氧化损伤,影响线粒体的氧化磷酸化过程;辽东楤木可通过提高抗氧化酶活性,改善过度训练时心肌相对缺氧状态,减少自由基的生成而缓解线粒体的氧化损伤,从整体上表现为加快大鼠疲劳的恢复,提高大鼠的运动能力,对预防过度训练起到一定的作用。 相似文献