共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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传感技术是现代信息社会的神经中枢,光纤传感则是一种新兴的现代传感技术,由于它具有灵敏度高、响应速度快以及抗干扰、抗各种恶劣条件等一系列优点而成为传感领域的姣姣者,因而在光学与光电子学科中占有重要地位。光纤传感划分为非功能型和功能型两大类:前者简单易行、无需特殊技术,因此已被广泛研究,并有相当数量进入实用化,功能型传感则要求条件苛刻,多数仍处于研制阶段,但因其具有极高灵敏度,属于高性能传感类,故仍为光纤传感的主要发展方向。文中以表格形式概要列示了这两类光纤传感的基本状况,表明光纤传感有广泛应用前景。光纤传感器今后发展趋势是:加速光纤传感器的实用化进程,大力开展光纤传感技术的集成化研究,积极开展多功能光纤传感及其网络化研究,以及不断推出新型光纤传感器并开拓新的应用领域等。 相似文献
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<正>光学指纹识别基于受抑全反射的原理设计,具有环境光抗干扰性能强,极端环境下稳定性好,成本相对较低,并能提供较高分辨率的图像,信号穿透率更强等优点,被广泛应用到智能手机、笔记本电脑、门禁系统、考勤机、网络认证等领域。其中,随着智能手机的发展,光学指纹识别越来越多地被应用到智能电话中,由于光学指纹识别不需要在手机上额外的开孔,直接集成在屏幕下方,进而实现了更高效的空间利用率。目前,屏下光学指纹识别技术主要包括基于自发光式和外加光源式的光学式指纹传感两大技术。 相似文献
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折射率是重要的光学参量之一。随着CCD测量、光纤传感、光谱分析以及计算机技术的发展，新的折射率测量方法不断产生。文章介绍了三种应用上述技术，分别基于几何信息、光强、共振波长调制的新型折射率测量方法。 相似文献
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光纤与激光被誉为20世纪光学领域中两个最伟大的工程成就,光纤骨干通信网络已经成为支撑互联网的基石,光纤到户成为解决宽带通信接入最后一公里难题的必然选择。而随着近年物联网新兴战略产业的崛起,光纤传感技术也将迎来新一轮的发展高潮。 相似文献
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随着传感技术、信号采集与处理和系统建模等技术的发展,结构有限元模型修正技术已经成为土木工程结构健康监测领域的研究热点。本文系统地综述了近30年来国内外结构有限元模型修正的研究和应用现状,评述了各类方法的优缺点,并对有待于进一步研究的问题进行了展望。 相似文献
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姜德生,武汉理工大学信息学科首席教授、博士生导师,中国工程院院士,我国著名光纤传感技术专家。现任武汉理工大学光纤传感技术研究中心主任、光纤传感国家工程实验室主任。主要研究光纤传感、检测、诊断与控制的理论体系和工程技术;研究光纤传感微信号检测及处理方法;研究光纤材料的微加工理论与技术;研究新型光纤传感敏感材料的传感机理、光敏特性和制备工艺：研究光纤传感与控制基础理论的工程应用技术。 相似文献
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《中国科技信息》2008,(10):10-14
碎石层的“热半导体”作用,饶阳凹陷古近系层序发育的控制因素分析,两个新的苯并噻唑衍生物的合成与光物理性质,振动剪切流场的等效稳态剪切速率,矢量GIS空间随机线元等概率密度误差模型,生态系统观测研究网络在地球系统科学中的作用,基于磁珠的可见光检测微阵列信号的新方法,塑料太阳能电池研究进展,在“鞍”型大尺度环流背景下西南低涡发展的物理过程分析及其对川东暴雨发生的作用,光纤传感技术用于大气光学湍流测量,瓜德鲁普统（Guadalupian）-乐平统（Lopingian）全球界线层型剖面和点（GSSP）,整体材料研究进展及其在微柱分析领域中的作用 相似文献
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光子晶体光纤（PCF）是一个新兴的研究领域,其传输机理与传统光纤相比有本质的区别,在光通信和光纤传感等领域引起了科研工作者的极大兴趣。文章介绍了两种最基本的光子晶体光纤,分别为全内反射型 PCF 和光子带隙型 PCF,并对光子晶体光纤具有的优异特性和应用领域进行了简要概括。 相似文献
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Rahim Esfandyarpour Mehdi Javanmard Zahra Koochak Hesaam Esfandyarpour James S. Harris Ronald W. Davis 《Biomicrofluidics》2013,7(4)
Detection of proteins and nucleic acids is dominantly performed using optical fluorescence based techniques, which are more costly and timely than electrical detection due to the need for expensive and bulky optical equipment and the process of fluorescent tagging. In this paper, we discuss our study of the electrical properties of nucleic acids and proteins at the nanoscale using a nanoelectronic probe we have developed, which we refer to as the Nanoneedle biosensor. The nanoneedle consists of four thin film layers: a conductive layer at the bottom acting as an electrode, an oxide layer on top, and another conductive layer on top of that, with a protective oxide above. The presence of proteins and nucleic acids near the tip results in a decrease in impedance across the sensing electrodes. There are three basic mechanisms behind the electrical response of DNA and protein molecules in solution under an applied alternating electrical field. The first change stems from modulation of the relative permittivity at the interface. The second mechanism is the formation and relaxation of the induced dipole moment. The third mechanism is the tunneling of electrons through the biomolecules. The results presented in this paper can be extended to develop low cost point-of-care diagnostic assays for the clinical setting. 相似文献
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Yasmine El-Ashi Taha Landolsi Rached Dhaouadi 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2011,348(7):1435-1455
In this paper, we study the accuracy of an optical vibration sensing system using Gaussian beam analysis. The proposed optical system uses a He-Ne laser source whose Gaussian beam impinges on a quad-cell photodetector array. The normalized optical power for each cell is obtained through numerical simulation based on the well-known Gaussian beam optics formulation, as the beam scans the plane of the photodetectors due to vibration. The system detection principle lies upon finding a relationship between the power distribution of the quad-cell and the position of the beam centroid, which allows us to identify the characteristics of the vibration applied, such as direction, frequency and strength. The aspects of practical implementation and experimental limitations on the power distribution accuracy are discussed and the discrepancies with the theoretical results are presented. 相似文献
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20世纪60年代,遥感技术在国际上兴起,自我国第一颗人造地球卫星发射以来,中国开始进入空间时代。为适应国家经济社会发展的迫切需要,遥感在我国也受到高度重视,得到快速发展。我国已形成了自己的遥感卫星系列,如气象卫星、海洋卫星、陆地资源卫星、环境与减灾卫星等。灵活、机动性强的航空遥感也在应用中发挥了重大作用。遥感应用是我国发展遥感科学技术的重点,30多年来遥感在我国成功地应用于国家土地资源调查、农作物和森林监测、地质矿产调查、城市发展监测以及海洋和海岸带资源调查等。在洪水、旱涝、林火、地震以及相关的气象和地质灾害发生期间,遥感总是起到关键作用。遥感已成为中国经济社会发展不可或缺的信息支撑。文章将在上述方面进行简要论述,以窥我国遥感发展之一斑。 相似文献
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多源信息融合技术在干旱区盐渍地信息提取中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
土壤盐渍化是干旱区绿洲稳定与可持续发展面临的主要环境问题之一,因此借助遥感手段及时准确地提取盐渍地信息并掌握其空间分布有着重要的现实意义。本文以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例,使用RadarsatSAR与LandsatTM影像进行主成分融合,同时与HIS和Brovey变换的融合效果作定量比较,并利用BP神经网络模型,以相同的训练样本分别对融合前后的影像进行分类。结果表明：盐渍地主要分布在绿洲的和沙漠之间的交错带,盐渍地的分布在绿洲内部呈条形状分布,而在绿洲外部呈片状分布,且绿洲外部重度盐渍地交错分布在中轻度盐渍地中;主成份变换融合影像的光谱信息保持性、信息量都优于其它常用的融合方法,且分类精度比单一LANDSATTM多光谱影像有较大提高,是监测干旱区盐渍地变化的有效手段。 相似文献
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Krisztina Nagy Orsolya Sipos Sándor Valkai éva Gombai Orsolya Hodula ádám Kerényi Pál Ormos Péter Galajda 《Biomicrofluidics》2015,9(4)
Quorum sensing and chemotaxis both affect bacterial behavior on the population level. Chemotaxis shapes the spatial distribution of cells, while quorum sensing realizes a cell-density dependent gene regulation. An interesting question is if these mechanisms interact on some level: Does quorum sensing, a density dependent process, affect cell density itself via chemotaxis? Since quorum sensing often spans across species, such a feedback mechanism may also exist between multiple species. We constructed a microfluidic platform to study these questions. A flow-free, stable linear chemical gradient is formed in our device within a few minutes that makes it suitable for sensitive testing of chemoeffectors: we showed that the amino acid lysine is a weak chemoattractant for Escherichia coli, while arginine is neutral. We studied the effect of quorum sensing signal molecules of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on E. coli chemotaxis. Our results show that N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-homoserine lactone (oxo-C12-HSL) and N-(butryl)-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) are attractants. Furthermore, we tested the chemoeffector potential of pyocyanin and pyoverdine, secondary metabolites under a quorum sensing control. Pyocyanin is proved to be a weak attractant while pyoverdine are repellent. We demonstrated the usability of the device in co-culturing experiments, where we showed that various factors released by P. aeruginosa affect the dynamic spatial rearrangement of a neighboring E. coli population, while surface adhesion of the cells is also modulated. 相似文献
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We propose biofunctionalized nanofluidic slits (nanoslits) as an effective platform for real-time fluorescence-based biosensing in a reaction-limited regime with optimized target capture efficiency. This is achieved by the drastic reduction of the diffusion length, thereby a boosted collision frequency between the target analytes and the sensor, and the size reduction of the sensing element down to the channel height comparable to the depletion layer caused by the reaction. Hybridization experiments conducted in DNA-functionalized nanoslits demonstrate the analyte depletion and the wash-free detection ∼10 times faster compared to the best microfluidic sensing platforms. The signal to background fluorescence ratio is drastically increased at lower target concentrations, in favor of low-copy number analyte analysis. Experimental and simulation results further show that biofunctionalized nanoslits provide a simple means to study reaction kinetics at the single-pixel level using conventional fluorescence microscopy with reduced optical depth. 相似文献
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Aminuddin A. Kayani Khashayar Khoshmanesh Stephanie A. Ward Arnan Mitchell Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(3)
The advent of optofluidic systems incorporating suspended particles has resulted in the emergence of novel applications. Such systems operate based on the fact that suspended particles can be manipulated using well-appointed active forces, and their motions, locations and local concentrations can be controlled. These forces can be exerted on both individual and clusters of particles. Having the capability to manipulate suspended particles gives users the ability for tuning the physical and, to some extent, the chemical properties of the suspension media, which addresses the needs of various advanced optofluidic systems. Additionally, the incorporation of particles results in the realization of novel optofluidic solutions used for creating optical components and sensing platforms. In this review, we present different types of active forces that are used for particle manipulations and the resulting optofluidic systems incorporating them. These systems include optical components, optofluidic detection and analysis platforms, plasmonics and Raman systems, thermal and energy related systems, and platforms specifically incorporating biological particles. We conclude the review with a discussion of future perspectives, which are expected to further advance this rapidly growing field. 相似文献
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We present a novel image-based method to measure the on-chip microfluidic pressure and flow rate simultaneously by using the integrated optofluidic membrane interferometers (OMIs). The device was constructed with two layers of structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on a glass substrate by multilayer soft lithography. The OMI consists of a flexible air-gap optical cavity which upon illumination by monochromatic light generates interference patterns that depends on the pressure. These interference patterns were captured with a microscope and analyzed by computer based on a pattern recognition algorithm. Compared with the previous techniques for pressure sensing, this method offers several advantages including low cost, simple fabrication, large dynamic range, and high sensitivity. For pressure sensing, we demonstrate a dynamic range of 0-10 psi with an accuracy of ±2% of full scale. Since multiple OMIs can be integrated into a single chip for detecting pressures at multiple locations simultaneously, we also demonstrated a microfluidic flow sensing by measuring the differential pressure along a channel. Thanks to the simple fabrication that is compatible with normal microfluidics, such OMIs can be easily integrated into other microfluidic systems for in situ fluid monitoring. 相似文献
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Dielectrophoresis (DEP), the phenomenon of directed motion of electrically polarizable particles in a nonuniform electric field, is promising for applications in biochemical separation and filtration. For colloidal particles in suspension, the relaxation of the ionic species in the shear layer gives rise to a frequency-dependent, bidirectional DEP force in the radio frequency range. However, quantification methods of the DEP force on individual particles with the pico-Newton resolution required for the development of theories and design of device applications are lacking. We report the use of optical tweezers as a force sensor and a lock-in phase-sensitive technique for analysis of the particle motion in an amplitude modulated DEP force. The coherent detection and sensing scheme yielded not only unprecedented sensitivity for DEP force measurements, but also provided a selectivity that clearly distinguishes the pure DEP force from all the other forces in the system, including electrophoresis, electro-osmosis, heat-induced convection, and Brownian forces, all of which can hamper accurate measurements through other existing methods. Using optical tweezers-based force transducers already developed in our laboratory, we have results that quantify the frequency-dependent DEP force and the crossover frequency of individual particles with this new experimental method. 相似文献