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Morgan G. Ames 《The Information Society》2016,32(2):85-97
ABSTRACTThis article examines one of the largest interventions in computer-based learning currently underway, the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) project, with 2.5 million laptops in use worldwide. Drawing on 2010 and 2013 fieldwork investigating a project in Paraguay with 10,000 of OLPC's “XO” laptops, I explore the ways in which participants interpreted leisure laptop use as “learning.” I show that the most captivating uses of the laptops were not “productive” or programming-centric, as OLPC's developers hoped, but “consumptive” and media-centric, focused on music, videos, and video games. I discuss the learning benefits and drawbacks of this use, as understood by participants and in light of education research, and in light of the broader context of transnational corporations interested in marketing to these children. In the process, I weigh OLPC's utopian dreams against the interests of the child beneficiaries, concerns of media imperialism, and a potential shift in the meaning of computers. 相似文献
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面对新形势下党治国理政的新场景和种种挑战,提升网络新闻舆论阵地引导力是信息化时代促进国家治理能力现代化的重要方面,在当前社会多元化趋势下要充分运用党的网络新闻舆论阵地有效地引领思想舆论和凝聚社会共识。网络新闻舆论阵地要通过内容呈现、方法适应、共同治理三个层面的优化和有机统一共同发挥党的思想政治教育优势、释放网络引领正能量,使之成为“丰富人民精神世界,增强人民精神力量”的前沿高地。 相似文献
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Hao Xiaoming 《The Information Society》2013,29(4):303-304
Abstract Several information processing technologies which are capable of augmenting human performance in handling a range of emergency situations are featured in this discussion. Among the more sophisticated systems which have proven useful in enhancing information collection, transmission, and selective processing are packet radio networks, “expert planning systems,” multiple‐satellite technology, and such related emerging developments as “internetting” and “machine intelligence.” 相似文献
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Christopher Kelty 《The Information Society》2018,34(2):71-87
In this article we analyze 102 case studies of Internet or social media-enabled participatory projects, technologies, platforms and companies in operation between roughly 2005–2015. We assign each case a “signature” representing the degree of presence/absence of seven dimensions of participation and then cluster these signatures to look for patterns of the most common ways of “doing participation” today. Two main clusters become apparent: 1) a “radical-direct” mode that emphasizes direct individual autonomy and influence, commitment to having a voice and setting goals, and individual or collective control over resources thereby produced; and 2) an “experiential-affective” mode that emphasizes the experience of being or becoming part of a collective, and the affective, communicational, and educational features of that experience. 相似文献
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Ramesh Srinivasan 《The Information Society》2014,30(1):71-80
While the debate rages on the role of social media technologies in the initial days of the Egyptian revolution of 2011, a more relevant research question today is the role of social media within an increasingly contested and turbulent political sphere. This article identifies three key modes by which social media is being exploited to impact political power, and uncovers the salience of each of these through 2 years of multisited ethnographies and interviews. First, I argue that political actors across the political spectrum, from liberals to Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan), are using technologies to build wider ranging, heterogeneous, and diverse networks of supporters, expanding their base from a more historically homogeneous core support group. Second, I argue that actors are working to build bridges between older and newer media platforms, recognizing that each platform is increasingly being shaped by the other. Finally, I describe some of the ways that technology is being used by activists to subvert their competition, promoting campaigns of misinformation and hacking at the expense of others. 相似文献
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改革的风潮将人们推向了一个全新的信息时代,那就是新媒体时代,它巨大的传播功能对大学生的思想政治教育产生着日益深刻的影响,也表现出一定的“双刃剑”效应。大学生群体对于互联网、手机等新媒体已经十分熟悉,新媒体也间接对学生产生了一定的影响。本文首先分析新媒体对大学生思想政治教育的影响,并根据实际情况提出改进对策。新媒体是时代赋予高校思想政治工作者的使命,也是在思政教育道路上开辟的新机遇和契机。 相似文献
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Robert B. Horwitz 《The Information Society》2013,29(3):181-204
Abstract Corporate mergers and the consolidation of ownership in the American communications arena have long been sources of concern. U.S. regulatory and antitrust policy traditionally attempted to secure a “diversity of voices” structurally, largely through rules regarding ownership. Although the meaning of diversity was always problematic and undertheorized, the Federal Communications Commission long set ceilings on the numbers of broadcast outlets any single person or corporation could own and enacted cross-ownership rules such as a prohibition against a corporation owning a newspaper and broadcast outlets in the same market. These rules, and the FCC's authority to make them, were upheld, occasionally even compelled, by the federal appellate courts. In the last 20 years, however, legal trends, in conjunction with political developments, have undermined the diversity rationales behind ownership rules and associated structural regulations of mass media. Paradoxically, even as media corporations are becoming larger and presumably more powerful, ownership regulations are being rescinded or struck down. This article explains this history. It concludes with a suggestion that the First Amendment metaphor of a marketplace of ideas is misplaced, and of how our thinking about media ownership and diversity might be better served by the metaphor of a mixed media system. 相似文献
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产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术的演进研究 《科学学研究》2022,40(5):852-862
关键核心技术被“卡脖子”背景下，民营制造业领军企业怎样实现产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术成为亟待破解的现实与理论难题。本文以三一集团为例，深入探讨民营制造业领军企业产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术的演进路径，并依据“产学研深度融合——关键核心技术创新能力提升——关键核心技术突破”核心逻辑构建动态演进模型。研究发现：民营制造业领军企业产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术过程中，产学研融合策略经历了“松散型→探索型→利用型→深度融合型”的路径；关键核心技术创新能力遵循“关键核心零部件研发与制造能力→关键核心技术与工艺集成创新能力→关键核心产品整机自研与制造能力→关键核心产品数字化全面创新能力”逐阶提升路径，且存在逆向促进作用；关键核心技术突破遵循“功能性突破→性能性突破→可靠性突破→前沿性突破”的路径。研究结论丰富了产学研深度融合、关键核心技术与能力相关研究，对产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术的实践具有一定启示。 相似文献
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Carl DiSalvo 《The Information Society》2014,30(2):96-105
The notion of “critical making” suggests a new form of design, through which the political qualities of an issue are materialized by participatory means. In this essay I trace and describe this process through the Growbot Garden project—a design project directed at reimagining agricultural technologies to support small-scale agriculture. Through a discussion of this project I draw out the ways that politics were actively projected onto and through artifacts by the participants. In effect, these artifacts were a material expression of their desires and commitments. By creating these artifacts, the participants enacted a novel mode of “doing” political design as a collaborative and public endeavor of articulation. 相似文献
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John Michael Roberts 《The Information Society》2016,32(1):28-39
Some argue that the “co-creative labors” of “prosumers,” who often work for free on social media sites, represent new types of exploitation insofar that they provide novel ways for capitalists to accumulate surplus value. For others, however, prosumers illustrate how capitalism is now dominated by commercial and noncommercial informational networks that build brand value in innovative ways, especially through “immaterial” relations of communication and information. This article argues that each perspective has limitations. By working from an alternative Marxist perspective the article outlines some of these limitations and then argues that co-creative labor and prosumers are best explored as representing unproductive labor that helps transfer, but not produce, already generated surplus value from the productive to unproductive spheres of the global economy. Through their free labor, prosumers thus have the potential to cut costs for new media companies in the unproductive sphere of the economy. The article further suggests that the “unproductive” actions of prosumers are compatible with a financialized form of knowledge capitalism. 相似文献
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Over the last few years, information and communication technologies have become an essential part of daily life, affecting education, employment, and leisure, among other activities. Nonetheless, many individuals still reap few or no benefits from these technologies, and there are resilient gaps in their use. Within this larger context, the authors examine the Internet digital divide between people with and without disabilities from a multidimensional approach. Rather than analyzing the gap in terms of “haves” and “have-nots,” a range of Internet-related dimensions—affordability, motivation and attitudes, skills, usage, and others—is taken into account. 相似文献
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When information wanted to be free: Discursive bifurcation of information and the origins of Web 2.0
Eran Fisher 《The Information Society》2018,34(1):40-48
In the 1990s the aphorism “information wants to be free” reigned supreme, limiting our thinking in consequential ways. In actuality this aphorism was a fragment of a much more nuanced statement by Steward Brand, who also talked about “information wants to be expensive.” It seemed for quite a while that there was no resolution to the contradiction: information as both free and expensive. Eventually Web 2.0 resolved this contradiction by providing an architecture where information could be both free and expensive. Web 2.0 was not a product of technological advances: social media, wikis, big data platforms, and so forth. It was borne out of the understanding that free information on media platforms could yield profitable data on users. This article lays bare the discursive moves through which this understanding came about. 相似文献
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Achieving the promised benefits of a new technology is closely tied to its sustained use. The dominant approach has been to predict use based on behavioral intention. Central to this approach is the assumption that use comes from conscious decision making, resulting from “thinking”, “reflecting”, and “cognition”. However, related work has shown that, over time and with increasing experience, use becomes habitual (routine, automatic) and when this happens, it is not subject to conscious decision making. This paper extends the technology adoption and use literature by testing the relative effects of intention and habit as determinants of use. We conducted a longitudinal field study over the period of one year, with 4 points of measurement in 7 organizations among 1235 users, to examine the effects of intention and habit from the formative stage of experience with a new technology through to an established, stable stage. The results provided strong support for habit as a predictor of use, especially over time, as use became well-rehearsed, and habit was a stronger determinant of use than intention was. In fact, habit dominates intention as a predictor of use, as experience increases. We discuss key implications for research and practice. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]旨在分析“出版直播”的媒介影响,为其今后健康发展提供参考。[方法/过程]根据目前“出版直播”的活动实例,从读者、出版业、社会文化三个角度分析其正负影响。[结果/结论]“出版直播”作为一种新的媒介,赋予了读者新的意义,使得出版业“名利双收”,进一步营造了书香社会;但其也伴随着负面影响,使得读者产生路径依赖,带来知识产权问题,同时也产生娱乐至死的苗头。 相似文献
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Fuchs (2010, 2012) argues that users of social media produce value and surplus value in the Marxian sense. Arvidsson and Colleoni (2012) critique this hypothesis, claiming that Marx's theory of value is irrelevant to the regime of value production on social media platforms in particular and in informational capitalism in general. They claim that the affective relations and financial speculations that generate value on social media are not dependent on labor time. This article critically engages Fuchs, and Arvidsson and Colleoni, by revisiting Marx's theory of value. Contra Fuchs, we argue that audiences do not produce value and surplus value—neither for social nor for mass media. Contra Arvidsson and Colleoni, we argue that so-called affective relations (philia) do not produce value either. Instead we demonstrate that social media generate revenue from four primary sources—by leasing advertisement space to generate advertisement rent, by selling information, by selling services to advertisers, and by generating profits from fictitious capital and speculative windfalls. All four, we argue, can be adequately explained by Marx's theory of value. 相似文献
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大学生网络媒介素养教育中的道德生成机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大学生网络媒介素养教育,旨在使大学生对于网络媒体的本质、技术手段、营利目标、运作方式及其所产生的效应有所了解,使他们形成一定的认知力和判断力,从而指导他们在现实生活和网络环境中的各种实践。这个过程和个体的道德生成过程具有惊人的一致性,我们可以通过大学生网络媒介素养教育中的道德生成机制研究,来促使大学生具有社会责任意识的道德人格的生成。 相似文献
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Noah McClain 《The Information Society》2013,29(5):251-271
AbstractThis article investigates how an account of hidden, internal properties of an everyday technology became a framework to interpret human action as a serious crime. Using a case study situated in the New York subway system, I examine the criminalization of a practice of New York’s poor known as “selling swipes” performed by so-called “swipers”. A high court came to classify the practice as felony forgery, interpreting it though an expert-witness account of how objects physically manipulated by swipers interact with a secretive, proprietary digital information system. Thousands of felony arrests – overwhelmingly of nonwhite men – have been legitimated under this theory, in which the crime occurs on a plane of technical interactions to which swipers have no access. Through close examination of the underlying technology (known as MetroCard), however, I show considerable problems in the authorities’ understanding of the technology, illustrating the hazards of interpreting human action through proprietary or complex systems, especially as they are represented solely through expert accounts. The case demonstrates fresh connections between technology and unequal outcomes in the U.S. criminal justice system, and suggests an emerging form of social vulnerability, to interpretations of our actions through the logic of technologies black-boxed to us. 相似文献
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通过聚类分析,将北京的805名受访者划分为"深绿"及"浅绿"两组,反映其心理倾向与行为差异。测量一致性检验表明,两群组的积极态度更多来自对绿色出行环保效应的积极评价。"深绿"组的环保意识已通过行为体现,而"浅绿"组仅停留在对绿色出行环保意义的认知上。此外,"深绿"组出行意愿与行为更多源于对习惯的维持,"浅绿"组意愿则更多来源于未来实施绿色出行的期待。结构一致性检验表明,"浅绿"组绿色出行意愿更多受主观规范影响,且更易转化为绿色出行。 相似文献
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随着网络时代的到来,社会各行各业呈现出了更多的新气象。“微博”的出现与发展将人们带入了“微文化”时代。“微文化”的开放性带给大学生的不仅是沟通上的方便、快捷,同时,还有各类思潮的文化冲击。这使得大学生对当前转型时期的各类社会问题产生了某些片面的认识,进而影响到价值观、世界观的正确树立。因此,高校的思想政治教育工作有必要结合“微文化”进行实质改革,以便于更好地引导学生对社会各方面的思想冲击进行正确的认识。文章基于“微文化”背景,对高校思想政治教育改革进行研究。 相似文献