共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
While extant research discusses how niche innovations develop in protected market niches and trigger regime shifts along sustainability transition pathways, we know less about the direct role of different niche actors as competitors in affecting regime incumbents’ investments in niche innovations. This study addresses this gap and builds on Strategic Niche Management and the Multi-level Perspective to distinguish two different niche actors: prosumers on the demand-side applying a niche innovation in a disruptive way to regime incumbents’ business model, and new entrants on the supply-side applying the niche innovation symbiotically with the regime. We examine incumbent responses to these different niche actors in different competitive and policy environments. Studying the United States’ electricity industry's sustainability transition toward solar from 2010-2017, we find that as more niche actors enter, regime incumbents are more likely to invest in the niche innovation, but the effect is influenced by policy and competitiveness of the environment. In competitive environments, incumbents are more likely to respond to disruptive niche actors (prosumers), while in traditional monopoly-like markets they are more likely to respond to symbiotic niche actors. We also find that the prosumer effect is stronger when the time that policies in support of the niche innovation have existed is shorter, indicating a potential substituting relationship of niche actors and policy. Our work contributes to the extant literature by demonstrating that the interplay between different niche actors needs to be understood within the context of policy, and that considering policy without accounting for the competitive environment may omit an important aspect of how regime actors become active participants in sustainability transitions. 相似文献
2.
SNM理论是基于演化经济学和技术系统论基础上建立的有关技术生态位和技术演化的分析方法,通过从微观到宏观进路的经验描述,初步建立了技术演化模型。本研究通过分析典型的数码化图像显示LCD和CCD技术的不同演化进路,论证SNM理论分析方法的实用性和可行性。该理论在技术论或STS领域,尤其是在讨论技术范式变迁和技术进化问题中,需要明确其讨论的取向和内容。同时,作为经验描述的分析方法,SNM理论有待进一步实证研究并拓展其理论运用的空间。 相似文献
3.
《Research Policy》2022,51(3):104464
The transition literature (especially within economic geography, urban studies and political ecology) highlights that the proximity between actors plays a crucial role in determining the dynamics of sustainable transitions. Economic geographers distinguish between absolute (spatial) and relative (non-spatial) proximity. These play different roles in the transition process, though relative proximity has been scarcely investigated in empirical studies. To overcome this limitation, we investigated the relevance of spatial and non-spatial proximity in the evolution of a technological niche. We also explored the roles of different kinds of non-spatial proximity (i.e. cognitive, organizational, social, institutional), in niche evolution, in terms of network expansion. To this end, we analyzed the Italian biofuel niche, as it has already undergone different evolution phases. We found that the most relevant drivers of niche networking were social, cognitive and institutional proximity. Additionally, while social proximity was relevant throughout the entire life span of the niche, cognitive and institutional proximity gained significance only in the maturity phase, marking a transition point in the niche evolution. From these findings we derive that policy makers should (i) concentrate on social proximity to speed up niche evolution and (ii) increase cognitive and institutional proximity in the development phase in order to consolidate the niche in the maturity phase. This could occur through initiatives aimed at creating common experiences (e.g. business incubators, technological communities) and the intervention of national and/or supranational institutions to create network externality conditions by means of R&D subsidies. 相似文献
4.
技术生态位与技术范式变迁 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
生态学中最基本的生态位概念及其思想,也适用于技术创新和技术范式研究。生态位理论在企业管理和产业发展中得到广泛运用,在技术分析研究领域,基于技术生态位概念建立的战略生态位管理理论,是结合案例归纳出的独特的思想方法,作为技术范式演化的分析模型,在生态学、演化经济学和技术研究之间架构了现实的桥梁,为技术变迁研究提供了综合分析的新思路。 相似文献
5.
Techno therapy or nurtured niches? Technology studies and the evaluation of radical innovations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article contributes to recent discussions in technology studies about applying insights from technology studies to policy decisions about the development and management of technological innovations. It does so by examining two approaches that can be used by policy makers to manage radical technological innovations in mobility and transportation: strategic niche management (SNM) and the PROTEE approach. The SNM approach uses protective ‘niches’ to develop radical innovations, whereas the PROTEE method is grounded in the assumption that technological innovations have a better chance of success if made “vulnerable” by subjecting them to risks and oppositions from the outset. Both SNM and PROTEE have, so far, been applied to retrospective case studies. This paper examines their potential effectiveness in the monitoring of real time innovation projects by comparing their conceptualizations of ‘learning’ and ‘experimenting’. It argues that the two approaches can draw upon each other to achieve a more refined conceptualization of learning and experimenting and in dealing with the problem of change and obduracy in the development of innovation projects. 相似文献
6.
A. Kuokkanen A. Nurmi M. Mikkilä M. Kuisma H. Kahiluoto L. Linnanen 《Research Policy》2018,47(8):1513-1522
The growing urgency of environmental threats combined with the slow pace of sustainability transitions has turned attention towards a better understanding of regime destabilization. Focusing excessively on niche innovations could be incumbent regimes’ diversion and resistance strategy and could reinforce the ‘business as usual’ mindset instead of contributing to system-wide changes. Historical cases of system transition have most often been used to understand the dynamics of regime destabilization. However, these insights have limitations when the focus is on ongoing transitions. Moreover, it is argued that more attention should be paid to agency and actors. Herein, regime destabilization is understood through an internally structured selection environment, implying that agency is assumed not only in variation at the niche level but also in the selection processes: (1) the selection environment is shaped by active and strategic actors and actor networks; (2) the selection environment is shaped by diverse discursive framings; and (3) the selection environment is shaped by various actors beyond the regime and even beyond the system in question. The argument is empirically tested in the case of the Finnish food system by constructing prevailing storylines in the sustainability transition. Four contrasting but partially overlapping storylines and their associated actor networks are identified. The empirical case supports the view that actors across all levels aim to influence the selection environment’s formulation with their framing of the problem and the strategic response. Thus, more attention must be paid to the content and diversity of different discursive framings in sustainability transitions. 相似文献
7.
Intermediary actors have been proposed as key catalysts that speed up change towards more sustainable socio-technical systems. Research on this topic has gradually gained traction since 2009, but has been complicated by the inconsistency regarding what intermediaries are in the context of such transitions and which activities they focus on, or should focus on. We briefly elaborate on the conceptual foundations of the studies of intermediaries in transitions, and how intermediaries have been connected to different transition theories. This shows the divergence – and sometimes a lack – of conceptual foundations in this research. In terms of transitions theories, many studies connect to the multi-level perspective and strategic niche management, while intermediaries in technological innovation systems and transition management have been much less explored. We aim to bring more clarity to the topic of intermediaries in transitions by providing a definition of transition intermediaries and a typology of five intermediary types that is sensitive to the emergence, neutrality and goals of intermediary actors as well as their context and level of action. Some intermediaries are specifically set up to facilitate transitions, while others grow into the role during the process of socio-technical change. Based on the study, as an important consideration for future innovation governance, we argue that systemic and niche intermediaries are the most crucial forms of intermediary actors in transitions, but they need to be complemented by a full ecology of intermediaries, including regime-based transition intermediaries, process intermediaries and user intermediaries. 相似文献
8.
Sanjay Jain 《Research Policy》2012,41(9):1643-1654
Technology standards refer to the specifications that provide users and vendors with a common platform and ensure compatibility between components of a technological system. These technical “rules of the game” are being increasingly set in standards development organizations (SDOs). In this paper, I ask the question: how do actors operating in these venues address the challenges posed by the anticipatory and collective nature of the specifications they are establishing? Through an in-depth analytic narrative of the Ethernet LAN (local area network) standard, I indicate how actors engage in an ongoing process of extension generation, ratification and incorporation. In imagining alterations to a specification, approving timely modifications and crafting an identity for a rule even as it changes, they manifest “pragmatic agency” in these contexts. In exercising such agency, SDO's substantially increase the functionality of an existing standard as well as boost its long-term competitive viability. 相似文献
9.
The transitions literature emphasises the role of niches, defined as a protective space for path-breaking innovations. Surprisingly, the concept of protection has not been systematically interrogated. Our analysis identifies effective protection as having three properties in wider transition processes: shielding, nurturing and empowerment. Empowerment is considered the least developed in current niche literature. It can be understood as either processes that make niche innovations competitive within unchanged selection environments (fit-and-conform) or as processes that contribute to changes in mainstream selection environments in ways favourable to a path-breaking niche innovation (stretch-and-transform). Adopting a more constructivist perspective, we subsequently argue that analysis of these properties needs to be complemented with particular attention for the politics involved in their construction. Attention to empowerment confirms the view that niche actors need to link to wider processes of social change, and suggests how this arises. The paper ends with an outlook upon two promising research avenues: (1) the reconstruction of niche development in light of the present framework; (2) analyses of the diverse (political) narratives seeking to empower niches across time and space. 相似文献
10.
基于多层分析框架(multi-level perspectives)构建创新生态系统演化模型,结合技术生态位、市场生态位、社会技术范式的特征,将创新生态系统演化阶段划分为技术保护期、市场选择期、竞争扩散期。以深圳市新能源公共交通创新生态系统为研究样本,采用案例研究方法,对创新生态系统演化模型进行检验。研究结果表明:深圳市新能源公共交通创新生态系统经历技术保护期、市场选择期、竞争扩散期,进行了有序演化;核心企业的发展战略对创新生态系统的发展具有决定性作用;政府的支持在创新生态系统的演化过程中发挥了重要的支撑作用;创新生态系统的演化是系统内成员间协同合作的结果。研究结论对于深入推进并发展中国新能源公交战略具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
11.
《Research Policy》2022,51(6):104537
In response to criticisms about the status of causal explanation in socio-technical transitions research, this article elaborates the epistemological underpinnings of this emerging research field, mobilising insights from the wider social sciences where foundational debates have started to transform the understanding of causality and explanation. The article shows that socio-technical transitions are a special kind of research topic with phenomenological characteristics that pose challenges for mainstream explanatory formats and therefore warrant particular approaches to causality and explanation. It first discusses three philosophical positions on causality and explanation (positivism, pragmatism, critical realism), and concludes that critical realism is most suited to address phenomenological characteristics of socio-technical transitions. Elaborating the critical realist approach, the article then discusses the relevance of complex causalities (especially conjunctural, configurational, and event-chain causality) for explaining transitions and how existing transition frameworks (MLP, TIS, SNM) can improve their use of these causalities. The article subsequently discusses the role of theories in explanations (including heuristic roles), and the relevance of conceptual frameworks, causal mechanisms, process tracing and narrative explanation in socio-technical transitions research. Theoretical and methodological suggestions for improving transition research are provided throughout. 相似文献
12.
透过社会-技术范式视角,低碳转型是一个打破高碳锁定、从高碳的社会-技术范式向低碳的社会-技术范式转型的过程。这一过程是多要素参与、复杂、动态和长周期的。从多层视角来看,转型过程离不开三个层面的相互作用：利基（niche）培育了破坏式低碳创新,使之成为推动范式更迭的内在动量;地景（landscape）对高碳社会-技术范式施加压力,为低碳创新的成长提供了机会之窗;最终原先主导的高碳社会-技术范式瓦解,高碳“锁定”被打破,新的动态稳定的低碳社会-技术范式形成。中国汽车低碳交通转型的案例,说明了社会-技术范式及多层视角对上述复杂和不确定性过程进行认知和分析时的有效性。相关行动者特别是政策制定者在引导低碳转型时,需要改变相对线性的技术替代认识论立场及相应的政策手段,采用范式更替的认识论立场和转型策略。 相似文献
13.
Rob P.J.M. Raven 《Research Policy》2006,35(4):581-595
In the early 2000s Dutch electricity companies are increasingly investing in technologies that enable them to replace coal with biomass. Replacing large amounts of coal (up to 40%) requires the companies to invest in technological trajectories alternative to the ones they have supported over the past decades. This paper aims to understand why these incumbent firms in the Dutch electricity regime are developing alternatives. The second aim of the paper is to provide a way for assessing the potential of innovations. The paper does so by bringing together insights from literature on (socio-) technical regimes and insights from literature on technological and market niches (strategic niche management). The main conclusion is that both niche processes (at the level of experimenting with alternatives) and changes in the incumbent regime are necessary for understanding the innovation journey of a new technology. A two-by-two matrix is developed that can be used for both analysis and governance purposes. 相似文献
14.
依据产业演化观点,将新能源汽车视为是在原有交通运输体系中出现的利基,探究社会技术体系的转变和产业政策的保护性作用对新能源汽车利基演化的影响。研究结果表明,在利基层次上,存在着新能源汽车技术利基向市场利基的演化过程,且技术利基宽度与市场利基宽度显著正相关。在社会技术体系层次上,一方面产业政策所形成的保护性空间有助于新能源汽车技术转化,另一方面反映社会技术转变的因素对新能源汽车利基的形成具有显著影响,其中新能源汽车产销比和废气治理投入与市场利基的形成负相关,而燃油价格、消费者购买力和基础设施建设水平与市场利基的形成正相关。据此提出根据产业演化阶段和层次设计产业政策的思路和方案。 相似文献
15.
摘要：作为新世纪技术创新的主流,发展颠覆性技术是抢占国际竞争制高点的重要手段,各国政府普遍给予政策支持。基于战略生态位管理（SNM）内生进程提出了11项政策工具,结合SNM生态位跃迁的三阶段构建了一个针对颠覆性技术政策保护空间的二维分析模型,为政策分析提供了新的视角和方法,旨在更好地指导政策工具的使用和优化以推动颠覆性技术成功跨越研发到市场应用之间的“死亡之谷”,实现最终“颠覆”。最后,以新能源汽车为例,采用该模型分析其技术发展过程中政策保护空间的构建、演变以及政策工具的运用,验证了模型的科学性和实用性。 相似文献
16.
《Research Policy》2023,52(9):104866
Cellular agriculture and its products, such as cultured meat, are suggested to have the potential to advance the sustainability of current food systems. Instead of engaging in current debates concerning the anticipated benefits and challenges of cellular agriculture, it is more useful to identify potential pathways leading to food system transitions. Our study aims to compare Finnish and German political stakeholders' (n = 25) perceptions concerning cultured meat and to analyse its potential transition pathways utilising the multi-level perspective (MLP). Data were collected via semi-structured theme interviews in early 2020. Results show that the participants acknowledge that landscape-level pressures, such as climate change or finite resources, are challenging current food systems. The food regime's position is perceived as somewhat uncertain. The current practices of livestock agriculture, strong food traditions and multiple interest groups' aspirations are anticipated to both hinder and advance a transition to cellular agriculture. On the niche innovation level, cultured meat was perceived as a promising yet technocratic solution. Cultured meat may be an option for continued meat consumption without feelings of guilt but with preconditions such as guaranteed safety, affordable prices and an authentic meat taste similar or better compared with conventionally produced meat. Our article concludes with three potential transition pathways for cellular agriculture. The “technocratic stagnation” pathway is characterised by perceived threats and stakeholder unwillingness to accept cultured meat. The “promising circumstances” pathway is emphasised by positive societal conditions for cultured meat development and stakeholders' incremental adaptation to it as an additional food product on the market. The “rapid advancement” pathway is characterised by technological breakthroughs and high acceptance of cultured meat, which could lead to radical changes in the current food system. 相似文献
17.
《Research Policy》2019,48(7):1694-1713
Building on Lee and Malerba’s (2017) framework, we explore how leading firms in Brazil’s forestry and pulp industry responded to windows of opportunity, in learning terms, shaping an early entry into path-creation technological catch-up, shifting that industry into a globally leading position. Drawing on an in-depth inductive study based on 50 years of evidence, a 10-year fieldwork in large firms, and on a novel approach to micro-level external and internal absorptive capacity (AC), as empirically observable external and internal learning mechanisms (LMs) underlying firms’ innovative capability accumulation (technological catch-up), we find that: (1) firms responded to changing windows of opportunity by developing dual AC through the intensity and the manner of use of multiple LMs across the emergence, gradual catch-up, and forging-ahead phases of the path-creation process; (2) however, there were variations within and across firms in the effectiveness with which they developed their dual AC over these phases, leading to a non-homogenous technological catch-up: while some firms reached a world-leading capability level, others became fast-followers. We contribute to deepening and refining the understanding of technological catch-up through robust empirical insights on how the dynamic interplay between windows of opportunity and variation in the micro-level dual AC development’s effectiveness helps to explain the nature and extent of firms’ technological catch-up. We also provide a basis to further the analysis of technological catch-up and its learning processes, particularly in natural resources-rich industries in resource-rich developing countries. 相似文献
18.
The hygienic transition from cesspools to sewer systems (1840-1930): The dynamics of regime transformation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Frank W. Geels 《Research Policy》2006,35(7):1069-1082
This article addresses the topic of transition and system change, and proposes endogenous regime transformation as alternative transition path to technological substitution. Using sociological and institutional insights, the dynamics of regime transformation are conceptualised. Two characteristics are pressure from outsider groups and adjustments in cognitions, norms and formal rules, enacted by regime insiders. The transformation perspective is illustrated with a historical case study, the hygienic transition from cesspools to integrated sewer systems in The Netherlands. The case study is used to make additions to the transformation perspective, particularly with regard to tactical and strategic games. 相似文献
19.
Viet T. Dao 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2019,30(1):70-81
The shakeout period after the emergence of a dominant design is very important to technology followers and niche market producers, who need adjust to significant changes in the competitive landscape. We posit that such innovating firms use strategic signals that address technical-, market-, and standards-uncertainty associated with their innovations to communicate with market participants to reduce participants' perceived uncertainties associated with the innovative products. Studying technology followers and niche market producers in the personal computer industry during its 1982–1989 shakeout period, we found that technology followers and niche market producers differ in their use of technical-, market-, and standards-related signals. Additionally, using event study methodology, we find that technology followers' strategic signals have significant positive impacts on both their own and other followers' stock prices. Meanwhile, niche market producers' strategic signals have significant positive impacts on their own stock prices, but not significant impacts on other niche market producers and technology followers' stock prices. 相似文献
20.
基于多级视角理论模型,结合行动者-网络的视角对比了中国、丹麦和德国的风能产业系统的演化,以此探究从风能大国向风能强国的动力和机制。多案例的对比研究促进了多级视角理论的发展,分析表明,发达国家和发展中国家产业的多级视角模型有较大差异:前者起步于利基市场的突破性技术创新;后者起步于技术的引进、消化和吸收,因而系统的演化路径也不尽相同。结论显示,管理体制直接影响产业发展模式和技术创新方式;技术创新、市场需求和制度建设是否协同是影响三个国家产业竞争力差异的关键,因此促进多主体的广泛参与、鼓励多样化的技术创新显得尤为重要。 相似文献