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2015-2017年,国外教育政策研究的质性取向突出.根据研究者资料收集与分析方式的不同,质性研究范式的教育政策研究具体使用了个案研究、民族志、话语分析、扎根理论与解释主义以及后质性研究方法.从这些具体的质性研究方法的使用中可以看出,研究者们关注"实践"中的教育政策,即存在于文本之外、活动于主体之间、无法脱离现实实践世界的教育政策. 相似文献
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质性研究范式下有多种研究路径,每一种研究路径在其研究目的、研究问题、样本选择、数据收集与数据分析等5个环节有具体的要求,各环节指向同一研究路径要求的一致性原则,是求其可靠描述和解释研究现象的本质和意义,追求高质量的必要原则。以民族志、扎根理论、个案研究以及解释现象学分析四类研究路径为例,选取8篇质性研究文章进行对比,系统分析不同研究路径的方法一致性和方法矛盾是如何体现的。研究发现,样本文章出现方法矛盾的原因是：混淆量化研究和质性研究的区别而采用质性研究方法去回答量化研究的问题,没有理解质性研究适宜回答什么样的研究问题,没有真正理解研究路径的方法要求,将三级编码误解为简单归纳的过程,以及回避描述步骤等问题。这些发现对研究生或新手研究者辨识研究目的与问题、选择适合研究途径进行高质量质性研究有重要的贡献。 相似文献
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《职教论坛》2015,(27)
国内外逐步有从社会学视角开展教师角色认同研究,但多集中于对新任教师、幼儿园教师、中小学教师等群体,较少针对远程教育机构教师开展角色认同研究。我国对远程教育教师角色认同研究尚处于起步阶段,其学科视角不甚明晰,较多围绕"远程教师角色定位与职责、远程教师知识和能力结构、网络师生互动与教师角色行为、信息技术对教师角色的影响"等相关话题开展研究,较少开展远程教师角色认同现状、特征及变迁等方面的实证研究。放眼国际,社会学视角下教师角色认同理论及实证研究成果较丰富,综合运用社会学"结构功能主义、冲突论和解释学派认同理论"等理论视角,对"角色认同型塑、危机与建构"等开展研究;针对远程教育从业者,有学者专门从技术社会学视角、网络社会认同理论出发,研究信息技术、网络社会对认同型塑、选择与解放的影响。这些研究综合运用量化分析以及质性研究的民族志、自我民族志、叙事研究、个案研究、话语分析等研究策略。这些理论视角和研究策略为开展我国远程教育教师角色认同研究提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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现象图析学是瑞典哥德堡大学教育系马飞龙研究团队提出的一种教育研究方法论,主要探讨教育学科中有关教与学的效果与质量等诸多问题,已经在英国、澳大利亚等国家和地区的教育研究中得到广泛应用.现象图析学强调"非二元本体论"立场,通过以观念为中心来描述人们体验、概念化、感知和理解周围现实世界本质上不同的方式,具有关系性、体验性、内容指向性和质性的特点,形成了其独特的本体论、认识论和方法论特征.现象图析学与现象学、扎根理论、民族志和叙事研究等其他质性研究方法有一定差异,通过它们之间的比较,有助于对现象图析学研究的深入理解. 相似文献
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在人类学和文化研究的视域中,民族志和翻译具有很大的相似性:文化传通和再现他族文化是民族志和翻译的共同目的;同时,民族志和翻译作为一种文化手段,在对文化的阐释、“撰写”及翻译作为一种“改写”中,表现出显著的主体性、历史性和社会性。民族志和翻译研究在当代文化研究语境中的相互阐发为翻译研究提供了新的理论话语。 相似文献
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教育变革经常面临的问题之一是变革的意义在学校层面遭遇"衰变"和"扭曲"。本文采用质性研究方法,通过跟踪北京市某小学引入主题教学的课例研究过程,采用话语分析的方法对教师的对话进行分析,以考察主题教学这一"变革性实践"的意义在学校层面是如何发生变化的。研究发现,教师在日常研讨中使用的描述和解释体系构成了一套为新旧教学方法赋予意义的学校话语。这套话语作为学校的本土解释模式,通过"去情境化"和"再情境化"等机制,对外来的变革性实践的意义进行重构,使教师能够以本土的方式理解变革。本文将这一意义赋予过程称为学校话语的"表征"功能。 相似文献
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数据驱动的教育研究范式转型使得质性研究与量化研究间的鸿沟日益加深。作为一种融合定性与定量分析的新兴教育研究方法,量化民族志有助于构建两种研究范式间的桥梁,从而更好地探究教育境脉中数据背后的深层含义。该方法的提出缘于对体现专长的认知框架进行建模的需要,融合了民族志、会话分析、统计学、数据挖掘等方法和技术,通过分析真实场域中学习者的言行举止实现对其认知框架的深描。其实质是构建由理论层面的意义和实证层面的数据所构成的实证研究闭环,以消解质性研究偏于主观、量化研究偏于表面的不足,并建立起两种研究话语间的联系。量化民族志注重构建"境脉中的理论"和实现"理论饱和",并提供了半自动编码软件nCoder和认知网络分析两种研究工具,以确保建模结果的可靠性和可解释性。该方法主要被用于学科教学和跨学科学习中的高阶能力评估,其应用场景呈现出多学科交叉和多模态数据整合的势态,其方法论体系也日趋完善。 相似文献
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国际理解教育具有大众性,是每个学段的每个学生都必须接受的基本教育内容之一。国际理解教育融入学校课程是指将国际理解教育的课程要素融入学校已有的各学科之中,使教师与学生能将这些课程元素加以转化与统整为有意义的知识和能力,并且能身体力行。国际理解教育融入学校课程时需遵循整合性、系统性、有效性、校本化和建构性原则。国际理解教育融入学校课程的模式是多样的,主要有主题活动模式、学科附加模式、综合统整模式和自觉行动模式。 相似文献
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质性研究方法与教育研究有着天然的亲和性。但学界对于什么是质性研究,它具有什么基本特征,应用时遵循什么基本解释逻辑等问题并没有形成恰当理解。利用"制度化"概念,本文对质性研究的历史进行了分析,并将其与定量研究进行了横向比较,在此基础上将质性研究界定为:研究者在对自身参与保持反思之下对特定情境进行系统的意义探究,并指出它具有多样性,重视情境、研究关系和意义探寻,以及遵循个案式解释逻辑的基本特征。本文认为具备这样特征的质性研究将有助于探究教育事实,促进对教育变革意义的正确认识和理解。 相似文献
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Karen Borgnakke 《Ethnography and Education》2017,12(2):194-210
ABSTRACTMeta-ethnography and systematic review of qualitative research are needed but also challenged by the link to the evidence movement’s models and PISA-traditions for measuring learning effects. For reflections on the perspective for meta-ethnography it means to reconstruct the methodological argument almost divided in a ‘Before and After PISA’, meaning before and after 2000. To understand challenges, benefits and limitations of being involved in the evidence circuit also implies that you recall the origin for meta-ethnography (back in the 1980s) to develop a more genuine practice-oriented meta-ethnographical framework. Referring to Denmark, this means navigating between political and institutional parties and between different forms of knowledge identified as sound knowledge, common sense and ‘non- knowledge’. On this backdrop the article will address methodological questions and dilemmas. Beginning with a short introduction it will follow three steps to clarify platform and dilemmas going through research trends and examples ‘before and after’ PISA-traditions. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTSince its inception in the 1980s, the meta-ethnography approach for synthesising qualitative study accounts has been used extensively in health and social care research and to a lesser extent in educational research. The aim of this article is to reflect on the evolution of the method in both fields. It starts by describing the meta-ethnography approach, charts the rise of evidence-based research in health-related research, and explores the growth in the rate of published health-related meta-ethnographies. It proceeds by offering some explanation for the slower growth in the use of meta-ethnography in educational research. It explains this using the history of the early developments of qualitative approaches in Education and their underpinning paradigms. It then discusses key meta-ethnographies conducted in education, comparing those to more recent ones, in terms of methodological development. The article concludes by drawing lessons about how the conduct of meta-ethnography may be improved in any discipline. 相似文献
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Within the emerging field of research on education for sustainability (EfS), case studies are an important if not the predominant research approach, although often criticised for its lack of internal and external validity and a tendency to draw conclusions with insufficient rigour. While, basic concerns have been expressed and discussed in an early issue of this journal, main assumption still hold true after more than 10 years of research in the field. Only a few approaches so far have tackled the challenge to provide cross-case comparison and the synthesis of case-study results still remains a research desideratum. In this paper, we argue that developments in the field of qualitative and quantitative meta-analysis in educational science offer a framework, which can be used to overcome that shortcoming. After describing the idea of research synthesis, different types of such a meta-analysis are identified and their potential is discussed for existing case studies in higher EfS. This paper concludes with recommendations for further case-study research in the field. 相似文献
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Anna-Karin Carstensen 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2019,44(1-2):85-102
ABSTRACTModelling is a central activity in practical engineering and something that is also useful in engineering education research (EER). Additionally, qualitative research methods have found important applications in engineering research, although their use in EER has not always been widely accepted. Design science research is a qualitative research approach in which the object of study is the design process, i.e. it simultaneously generates knowledge about the method used to design an artefact and the design or the artefact itself. This paper uses techniques from design science research to analyse the method used when deriving the ‘learning of a complex concept’ (LCC) model, which we developed while designing teaching sequences for a course on electrical engineering. Our results demonstrate the value of design science research in EER and suggest that the LCC model is generally applicable in this field. 相似文献
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鲜兰 《教学研究(河北)》2008,31(2):107-110
在教育研究整个发展历程中,存在两种研究范式：量化研究与质化研究。本文结合这两种研究范式的历史发展,在比较它们的差异基础上,探求如何将量化研究与质化研究结合起来,以促进教育研究事业的繁荣。 相似文献
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随着知识经济时代的到来和国际竞争的日趋激烈,教育质量的监控和学生学业成绩调查已成为重要的研究领域。通过系统梳理国内外学生学业成绩调查研究现状,启示我们在进行学生学业成绩调查时,应以理论的创新为依据,在调查方法上应将定量与定性相结合,在指标体系构建上应纳入学生理解、解决问题的能力以及情感、态度、价值观等内容。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2013,36(3):252-267
A key step in the development of skills to conduct independent research is the ability to develop topics of interest into research studies that examine problems of significance in a field of study. This qualitative interview study conducted in the USA examined how seven novice qualitative researchers who had taken course work in qualitative research methods selected topics for research and developed these into studies for dissertation research. Findings identify processes contributing to novice researchers' abilities to conceptualize their topics as significant. These processes include recognizing the need to integrate their interests in existing disciplinary fields, learning that occurred through the practice of fieldwork, applying guidance from advisors and committee members, and developing a deeper understanding of the relationship of their studies to existing research. The paper suggests points of tension for new scholars in the development of research topics, exploring how doctoral supervisors and instructors might assist students in learning how to design and conduct qualitative studies for doctoral research. 相似文献
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论质的研究方法在我国比较教育研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
目前质的研究方法已经成为国际范围内比较教育研究的主流方法,而我国的比较教育研究仍以文献研究为主,在方法论上具有一定的局限性。将质的研究方法应用于我国的比较教育研究,将会使比较教育研究呈现出新的特征。 相似文献
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Students from refugee backgrounds face unique challenges within higher education. This article reports analysis from a systematic review of qualitative research which aimed to explore these students’ experiences. Four databases were searched, inclusion/exclusion criteria applied and the remaining studies subjected to a quality assessment, leaving eight studies. The research adopted meta-ethnography as a method of data synthesis. An overarching theme of invalidation was identified within our synthesis of the research literature. We express this as a line-of-argument synthesis comprising seven metaphors, which aim to illustrate the ways in which refugee-background students’ higher education experiences can be understood as (largely) invalidating. Drawing on a range of literature, we argue that despite education’s potential for being an egalitarian, empowering and validating environment, the experiences documented in the research literature are conceptualised as relationally inegalitarian and an instance of ‘misrecognition’ of a group of students. This misrecognition appears to occur within and across the various micro, meso and macro social systems in which the students are situated. The implications of these findings for education are discussed. 相似文献
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Elliot P. Douglas Mirka Koro-Ljungberg Maura Borrego 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2010,35(3):247-257
The purpose of this paper is to explore some challenges and promises when the epistemological diversity embedded in qualitative research traditions is introduced to research communities with one dominant research paradigm, such as engineering education. Literature is used from other fields and empirical data are used from engineering education, including the practices of the European Journal of Engineering Education and the Journal of Engineering Education, with the expectation that the ideas that are presented are relevant to a broad range of education disciplines. A number of challenges are identified as the epistemological diversity of qualitative research is introduced to the primarily positivist field of engineering education. Ultimately, embracing epistemological diversity holds the promise of researchers being able to ask: ‘What questions and answers become possible from these newly created positions and what can be learned from these alternative approaches?’. 相似文献