共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
To improve the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains (HSTs) running in the open air, a multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design method for the head shape of a HST is proposed in this paper. A parametric model of the HST was established and seven design variables of the head shape were extracted. Sample points and their exact values of optimization objectives were obtained by an optimal Latin hypercube sampling (opt. LHS) plan and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations, respectively. A Kriging surrogate model was constructed based on the sample points and their optimization objectives. Taking the total aerodynamic drag force and the aerodynamic lift force of the tail coach as the optimization objectives, the multi-objective aerodynamic optimization design was performed based on a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) and the Kriging model. After optimization, a series of Pareto-optimal head shapes were obtained. An optimal head shape was selected from the Pareto-optimal head shapes, and the aerodynamic performance of the HST with the optimal head shape was compared with that of the original train in conditions with and without crosswinds. Compared with the original train, the total aerodynamic drag force is reduced by 2.61% and the lift force of the tail coach is reduced by 9.90% in conditions without crosswind. Moreover, the optimal train benefits from lower fluctuations in aerodynamic loads in crosswind conditions. 相似文献
2.
With the continuous improvement of the train speed, the dynamic environment of trains turns out to be aerodynamic domination. Solving the aerodynamic problems has become one of the key factors of the high-speed train head design. Given that the aerodynamic drag is a significant factor that restrains train speed and energy conservation, reducing the aerodynamic drag is thus an important consideration of the high-speed train head design. However, the reduction of the aerodynamic drag may increase other aerodynamic forces （moments）, possibly deteriorating the operational safety of the train. The multi-objective optimization design method of the high-speed train head was proposed in this paper, and the aerodynamic drag and load reduction factor were set to be optimization objectives. The automatic multi-objective optimization design of the high-speed train head can be achieved by integrating a series of procedures into the multi-objective optimization algorithm, such as the establishment of 3D parametric model, the aerodynamic mesh generation, the calculation of the flow field around the train, and the vehicle system dynamics. The correlation between the optimization objectives and optimization variables was analyzed to obtain the most important optimization variables, and a further analysis of the nonlinear relationship between the key optimization variables and the optimization objec- tives was obtained. After optimization, the aerodynamic drag of optimized train was reduced by up to 4.15%, and the load re- duction factor was reduced by up to 1.72%. 相似文献
3.
孙小琴 《雁北师范学院学报》2011,27(1)
将绝热性能良好的透明流动泡沫填充于节能温室的外层覆膜空腔内,降低温室与外界环境之间进行热交换产生的能量损失或聚热,是一项温室节能新技术。借助流体动力学数字模拟计算程序（CFD）,对影响节能温室隔热性能的因素、通风窗结构进行了系统的优化研究,预测节能温室在冬季寒冷条件下的隔热性能和在夏季炎热环境下的通风降温效率,为节能温室设计提供依据。 相似文献
4.
罗利锦 《天津成人高等学校联合学报》2014,(8):21-24
通过对CRH高速动车组的设计特点、运用方式与运行环境的分析,阐明了高速动车组列车途中运行亟待解决的关键问题;通过对高速动车组制动系统、牵引制动特性与CTCS系统的针对性研究,制定了“定方案、抓环节、细掌握”高速动车组列车操纵的应对策略,形成了定地点、定速度、定制动方式的高速动车组列车进站前制动调速的操作模式。 相似文献
5.
秦新燕 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2012,(8):54-56
介绍了温度场分析的基本原理,在已有短行程直线电机的设计基础上,运用ANSOFT软件对电机进行三维温度场建模,对电机内部线圈进行热分析,计算在不同电流下电机稳定运行后各组线圈的温度变化情况,得到电机内部温度场分布图。另外也分析了冷却水的流换热系数对温度变化的影响,这些为后续对电机内部的冷却系统设计,找出最佳的冷却水循环路线,进行电机的优化设计提供参考。 相似文献
6.
When aerodynamic braking works, the braking wings can change the flow field around the train, which may impact on the comfort
and safety. Based on a sliding mesh, the pressure wave and flow field around high-speed trains with aerodynamic braking are
analyzed. By comparing three typical intersection situations, the pressure wave of a high-speed train during braking (with
or without aerodynamic braking) is studied. The analyses indicate that the pressure wave around the high-speed train body
will change while using the aerodynamic braking, causing several pressure pulses on the surface of crossing high-speed trains.
The distances between the pressure pulses are equal to the longitudinal distances of the brake wings, but the magnitudes of
the fluctuations are less than those induced by the head of crossing trains. During the crossing, a train without aerodynamic
braking will not impact the crossing train. 相似文献
7.
8.
Jie ZHANG ;Guang-xu HAN ;Xin-biao XIAO ;Rui-qian WANG ;Yue ZHAO ;Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):1002-1018
研究目的：研究高速列车车轮多边形特征对轮轨噪声和车内噪声的影响规律,讨论目前国内高速列车车轮镟修指标的不足,为高速列车车轮镟修方法的优化改进提供科学依据。创新要点：系统分析高速列车车轮多边形阶次、幅值和相位等参数对车内噪声的影响规律;提出车轮镟修中仅考虑车轮径跳作为限值是不够的。研究方法：1．基于线路试验,初步分析高速列车车轮多边形状态对车内噪声的影响,进而对车轮多边形特征进行剖析;2．基于带通滤波和快速傅里叶变换,使用MATLAB程序生成不同阶次、幅值和相位的车轮多边形粗糙度数据;3．基于TWINS轮轨噪声原理,使用HWTNS预测含有不同车轮多边形特性的轮轨噪声;4．基于混合有限元-统计能量分析（FE—SEA）方法,建立高速列车客室端部车内噪声预测模型,预测车内噪声;5．通过分析车轮多边形参数、车轮径跳和车内噪声之间的相互关系,研究目前的高速列车车轮镟修指标是否合适。重要结论：1．高速列车车轮径跳值相同,但车轮多边形状态不同时,轮轨噪声与车内噪声有明显差异;2．当车轮多边形幅值相同时,高阶多边形可以引起更高的轮轨噪声和车内噪声;3．改变车轮多边形的相位,可以获得不同的车轮径跳值,但是对轮轨噪声和车内噪声几乎没有影响。 相似文献
9.
Juan LI Lingfang SHI Xiayao ZHANG Luxi WENG Hong CHEN Jun LIN 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(2):146
Midpalatal corticotomy-assisted rapid maxillary expansion(MCRME)is a minimally invasive treatment of maxillary transverse deficiency(MTD)in young adults.However,the effect of MCRME on respiratory function still needs to be determined.In this study,we evaluated the changes in maxillary morphology and the upper airway following MCRME using computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Twenty patients with MTD(8 males,12 females;mean age 20.55 years)had cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)images taken before and after MCRME.The CBCT data were used to construct a threedimensional(3 D)upper airway model.The upper airway flow characteristics were simulated using CFD,and measurements were made based on the CBCT images and CFD.The results showed that the widths of the palatal bone and nasal cavity,and the intermolar width were increased significantly after MCRME.The volume of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx increased significantly,while there were no obvious changes in the volumes of the oropharynx and hypopharynx.CFD simulation of the upper airway showed that the pressure drop and maximum velocity of the upper airway decreased significantly after treatment.Our results suggest that in these young adults with MTD,increasing the maxillary width,upper airway volume,and quantity of airflow by MCRME substantially improved upper airway ventilation. 相似文献
10.
The China’s high-speed railway is experiencing a rapid growth. Its operating mileage and the number of operating trains will
exceed 45 000 km and 1500 trains by 2015, respectively. During the long range and constant high-speed operation, the high-speed
trains have extremely complex and varied work conditions. Such a situation creates a huge demand for high-speed train on-board
monitoring. In this paper, architecture for high-speed train on-board monitoring sensor network is proposed. This architecture
is designed to achieve the goals of reliable sensing, scalable data transporting, and easy management. The three design goals
are realized separately. The reliable sensing is achieved by deploying redundant sensor nodes in the same components. Then
a hierarchal transporting scheme is involved to meet the second goal. Finally, an electronic-tag based addressing method is
introduced to solve the management problem. 相似文献
11.
对制动器试验台的控制方法进行分析和优化是理论研究和工程实际的需要．首先,利用微分方程模型,给出了等效惯量、补偿惯量和驱动电流的计算．其次,给出了制动器试验台误差评价的相对误差分析模型,并建立了驱动电流值随时间变化的计算机控制模型．最后,给出了计算机控制的优化分析．较好地解决了制动器试验台的控制方法分析问题． 相似文献
12.
单片机具有体积小、价格低、可靠性高、适用范围大以及有其本身的指令系统等诸多优势,广泛应用于电机调速系统中,使电机调速性能大大提高,可在一定程度上实现智能化和最优化控制。针对具有语音功能的电机调速系统,具体利用凌阳单片机的语音功能控制PWM波形的发生,完成了电机调速系统的总体设计。相较其他PWM波的产生方法而言,该方法具有成本低、性能高、电路简单等优点。 相似文献
13.
14.
Finding all occurrences of a twig pattern is a core operation of extensible markup language （XML） query processing. Holistic twig join algorithms, which avoid a large number of intermediate results, represent the state-of-the-art algorithms. However, ordered XML twig join is mentioned rarely in the literature and previous algorithms developed in attempts to solve the problem of ordered twig pattern （OTP） matching have poor performance. In this paper, we first propose a novel children linked stacks encoding scheme to represent compactly the partial ordered twig join results. Based on this encoding scheme and extended Dewey, we design a novel holistic OTP matching algorithm, called OTJFast, which needs only to access the labels of the leaf query nodes. Furthermore, we propose a new algorithm, named OTJFaster, incorporating three effective optimization rules to avoid unnecessary computations. This works well on available indices （such as B~-tree）, skipping useless elements. Thus, not only is disk access reduced greatly, but also many unnecessary computations are avoided. Finally, our extensive experiments over both real and synthetic datasets indicate that our algorithms are superior to previous approaches. 相似文献
15.
Indoor air quality and thermal comfort are important features of indoor environment, In this paper, a numerical simulation based on the k-ε model of CFD is used to analyze factors such as loading, exterior-protected construction, blowing-in rate that play an important role in the temperature field and airflow field of the displacement ventilation system. Exterior-protected construction has little influence on indoor temperature distribution of displacement ventilation systems and the influence is limited only in a small area near the external wall when the indoor heat source is the main cooling load. The height of a room has little influence on indoor temperature field, and the temperature gradient of active region is basically unchanged. In the system combined with a displacement ventilation system and a cooling system, the height also has little influence. When the cooling load is high,the indoor heat source creates a strong convective plume, which will make the average indoor air age lower, the ventilation efficiency higher and the elimination of pollutant easier. Air supply rate plays an important role in displacement ventilation systems. The increase of air supply rate that can be realized by increasing the air supply velocity and enlarging the area of air inlet will increase the mass capability of the system and diminish the vertical temperature gradient. From the comparison between simulations and experiments, it is concluded that this simulation are creditable. 相似文献
16.
Phononic crystals that prevent the propagation of waves in a band gap have been widely applied in wave propagation control. In this paper, we propose the use of a metabarrier, based on a locally resonant phononic crystal mechanism, as a floating-slab track bearing to shield the infrastructure in a floating-slab track system from longitudinal waves from the slab, thereby improving mitigation of ground-borne vibrations. The locally resonant band gap properties of the metabarrier were studied based on the finite element method, and the shielding performance was verified by the transmission spectrum. Simplified models for band gap boundary frequencies were built according to the wave modes. Furthermore, a 3D half-track model was built to investigate the overall vibration mitigation performance of the floating-slab track with the metabarrier. An optimization mechanism for the band gap boundary frequencies is proposed. As the low-frequency ground-borne vibrations induced by subways carry the most energy, multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization was conducted to obtain a lower and wider band gap for a better shielding performance. The results show that the retained vibration isolation performance of the low natural frequency, the shielding performance of the band gap, and the controllability of band gap boundary frequencies all contribute to an improvement in overall vibration mitigation performance. The vertical static stiffness of the metabarrier was close to that of the existing bearing of the floating-slab track. An optimized locally resonant band gap from 50 to 113 Hz was generated using the optimization mechanism. 相似文献
17.
Image feature optimization is an important means to deal with high-dimensional image data in image semantic un- derstanding and its applications. We formulate image feature optimization as the establishment of a mapping between high- and low-dimensional space via a five-tuple model. Nonlinear dimensionality reduction based on manifold learning provides a feasible way for solving such a problem. We propose a novel globular neighborhood based locally linear embedding （GNLLE） algorithm using neighborhood update and an incremental neighbor search scheme, which not only can handle sparse datasets but also has strong anti-noise capability and good topological stability. Given that the distance measure adopted in nonlinear dimensionality reduction is usually based on pairwise similarity calculation, we also present a globular neighborhood and path clustering based locally linear embedding （GNPCLLE） algorithm based on path-based clustering. Due to its full consideration of correlations between image data, GNPCLLE can eliminate the distortion of the overall topological structure within the dataset on the manifold. Experimental results on two image sets show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms. 相似文献
18.
CHENG Chang jun ZHANG Neng hui 《上海大学学报(英文版)》1999,3(3):192-198
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19.
丁智 《扬州职业大学学报》2014,(4):34-37
在研究现有云环境下独立任务和工作流任务调度模型的基础上,提出一种满足QoS约束的部分相关任务调度模型,并改进蚁群算法为每个子群选择信息素更新方法,通过小范围局部优化从而获得整体最优解。CloudSim仿真结果表明,该调度模型具有较高的收敛性和寻优能力,适用于云环境下任务调度。 相似文献
20.
Jie Zhang Xin-biao Xiao Xiao-zhen Sheng Rong Fu Dan Yao Xue-song Jin 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,18(8):617-630
This paper presents an investigation into the characteristics of interior noise of a Chinese high-speed train under several typical conditions. Interior noises within Vehicle TC01, which can be used as a head car or an end car, and Vehicle TP03, the third car counting from TC01, are measured for the train running at speeds from 260 km/h to 385 km/h, along two types of track including a slab track and a ballast track and either on the ground surface or in a tunnel. Data analyses are performed for sound pressure overall levels, frequency, area contributions, and possible generation mechanisms, showing how they are affected by train speed, running direction, track type, and tunnel. The results show that, whether TC01 is used as head car or end car, the interior noise characteristics in the VIP cabin are mostly related to aerodynamic noise. Differences in interior noise between tracks become smaller as the train speed increases. The effect of a tunnel on the interior noise is more important for the middle coach than that for the head coach. This study can provide a basis for noise control of high-speed trains. 相似文献