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1.
Hyemin Han Kelsie J. Dawson Stephen J. Thoma Andrea L. Glenn 《Journal of Experimental Education》2020,88(4):660-675
AbstractWe developed and tested a behavioral version of the Defining Issues Test-1 revised (DIT-1r), which is a measure of the development of moral judgment. We conducted a behavioral experiment using the behavioral Defining Issues Test (bDIT) to examine the relationship between participants’ moral developmental status, moral competence, and reaction time when making moral judgments. We found that when the judgments were made based on the preferred moral schema, the reaction time for moral judgments was significantly moderated by the moral developmental status. In addition, as a participant becomes more confident with moral judgment, the participant differentiates the preferred versus other schemas better particularly when the participant’s abilities for moral judgment are more developed. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(4):423-438
ABSTRACTThe Defining Issues Test (DIT) has been the dominant measure of moral development. The DIT has its roots in Kohlberg’s original stage theory of moral judgment development and asks respondents to rank a set of stage typed statements in order of importance on six stories. However, the question to what extent the DIT-data match the underlying stage model was never addressed with a statistical model. Therefore, we applied item response theory (IRT) to a large data set (55,319 cases). We found that the ordering of the stages as extracted from the raw data fitted the ordering in the underlying stage model good. Furthermore, difficulty differences of stages across the stories were found and their magnitude and location were visualized. These findings are compatible with the notion of one latent moral developmental dimension and lend support to the hundreds of studies that have used the DIT-1 and by implication support the renewed DIT-2. 相似文献
3.
Kirsi Tirri 《Roeper Review》2013,35(1):59-64
In this article the current empirical research on morality and giftedness is reviewed with an emphasis on moral sensitivity. The component of moral judgment has been the most studied aspect in morality. Although high-ability students have been shown to be superior in moral judgment when compared to average-ability students, morality includes other components as well, such as sensitivity, motivation, and character. Furthermore, the critics of Kohlbergian research argue that moral reasoning does not necessarily lead to moral behavior. The gifted students might be able to give “correct” responses in the Defining Issues Test (DIT) test but their actual moral behavior cannot be predicted based on these test results. Hence, the limits of interpretation of these findings need to be acknowledged. The component of moral sensitivity is introduced with case studies regarding Finnish gifted students and Finnish Academic Olympians. The beliefs and values in academic work ethics of the Finnish Academic Olympians are discussed to give examples of how ethics can be combined with excellence in science. Some implications for the moral education of gifted students are suggested based on the research findings. 相似文献
4.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(1):43-70
This mixed-methods study explored the moral growth of undergraduates in a recreation management internship experience. The quantitative phase reported moral judgement gains in Personal Interest and Post-conventional schema, and N-2 scores, as measured by the Defining Issues Test 2 (DIT-2), among 33 interns. The case-study method used a pattern matching technique to show congruence between the theoretical patterns of Neo-Kohlbergian theory of moral development and observed patterns of judgement and action among 10 intern cases representing low and high levels of post-conventional reasoning as measured by the DIT-2. 相似文献
5.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(3):178-191
Abstract Fourteen moral judgment intervention studies were reviewed and evaluated. All used Rest's (1974) Defining Issues Test as an index of moral judgment development. Results showed that significant changes on the Defining Issues Test were related to duration and type of intervention and degree of experimental control over treatment variables. The studies provided independent support for the ability of the instrument to index upward movement after intervention programmes designed to influence development. Half the studies produced significant developmental change. 相似文献
6.
Stephen J. Thoma Darcia Narvaez James Rest Pitt Derryberry 《Educational Psychology Review》1999,11(4):325-341
Recent critics of the Defining Issues Test (DIT) suggest that moral judgment development as currently measured is neither developmental nor moral. Instead, scores on the DIT are claimed to be the result of political attitudes or verbal ability. In making such claims, these critics raise the possibility that the validity of the DIT is suspect as well as the construct it purports to measure. We begin our response with an overview of the various claims that DIT scores reduce to political attitudes or verbal ability. Then, a relevant sample of the DIT literature is summarized in order to assess the degree to which relationships between DIT scores and criterion variables typically used to support the validity of the DIT can be explained by political attitudes or verbal ability. This summary suggests that moral judgment development as measured by the DIT provides a unique source of information that cannot be explained by general/verbal ability or political attitudes. 相似文献
7.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(4):443-459
This paper presents three studies exploring the relationship between emotional responses to classic cognitive developmental moral dilemmas and moral reasoning indices as measured by the Defining Issues Test (DIT). Each study indicated that certain moral dilemmas elicit varying levels of anger and sadness as compared to a neutral baseline. In each study, decreased moral reasoning was observed in those instances where reports in both sadness and anger were high following a dilemma. This did not occur, however, in those instances where only sadness or anger was high following a dilemma. Affective inductions prior to taking the DIT (study 3) did not impact trends beyond that found for individual moral dilemmas in studies 1 and 2. Although certain dilemmas elicited affective states that temporarily influenced reasoning, in general participants’ reasoning levels stayed consistent across dilemmas. Results are discussed in terms of the role of affect on the moral judgment process. 相似文献
8.
道德判断与道德行为之间的关系问题经历了哲学假设、经典心理学实验研究和当代心理学的深入研究。道德判断与道德行为关系研究的新进展体现在莱斯特的确定问题测验、林德的道德行为和道德发展的双面理论、布莱希的道德自我认同模式、沃克的道德人格等研究当中,这些研究克服了在道德判断过程中仅仅关注道德推理重要性的缺陷。 相似文献
9.
袁名松 《安顺师范高等专科学校学报》2012,(6):79-82
道德认识是道德主体心理三大因素之一,它是由道德感知、道德判断、道德选择、道德智慧等环节组成的一个复杂的过程。道德蜕化是道德认识、道德情感、道德意志三大心理因素共同作用的结果。道德认识能够判断善恶是非,是道德情感、道德意志、道德行为产生的根据,它会对道德内外化过程中的道德蜕化起着至关重要的作用。 相似文献
10.
随着品德心理学、神经生物学和进化论心理学等领域的发展,道德判断的神经生理研究成为新的动向。该文对近年来有关道德判断神经生理机制的研究发现和相关理论进行了回顾和总结。其中,大脑相关区域是道德判断过程的神经生理基础;进化论取向成为该领域新的研究亮点;正常人群和特殊被试的研究结果具有重要的启示作用;研究方法(脑成像技术如fMRI)及道德模块的争议值得重视。文章最后展望了该领域的发展前景。 相似文献
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Diane McDermott Holly A. Stadler 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1988,11(1):61-69
One hundred and twenty counseling students representing 10 programs across the United States were administered the Purdue Master Attitude Scale, the Defining Issues Test, the Index of Homophobia and a demographic questionnaire in an effort to identify attitudes of students to ward minority groups. A demographic profile of these counselors in traning presents a picture of the typical American. They are fairly young, mostly caucasian, middle class and were raised in traditional two-parent families.The results of the instruments administered indicate that counseling students appear to reflect the dominant culture attitude with respect to homophobia by demonstrating average to high homophobia, while the Purdue Master Attitude Scale reflects a somewhat overall positive attitude toward ethnic minorities.In terms of statistical analyses, level of moral judgment, as measured by the Defining Issues Test, was significantly related to attitude to ward ethnic and sexual preference minorities. Individuals with more favorable attitudes demonstrated higher levels of moral reasoning and vice versa. Higher frequency of experience with minorities was significantly related to lower homophobia scores and demonstrated a trend in the direction of better attitude scores. Quality of experience, while not achieving significance, showed a trend with better quality ratings being related to better attitude toward ethnic minorities and lower homophobia scores.Paper presented to the International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling, Utrecht, the Netherlands July 15, 1985. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(3):281-297
Lawrence Kohlberg slayed the two dragons of twentieth-century psychology—behaviorism and psychoanalysis. His victory was a part of the larger cognitive revolution that shaped the world in which all of us study psychology and education today. But the cognitive revolution itself was modified by later waves of change, particularly an ‘affective revolution’ that began in the 1980s and an ‘automaticity revolution’ in the 1990s. In this essay I trace the history of moral psychology within the broader intellectual trends of psychology and I explain why I came to believe that moral psychology had to change with the times. I explain the origins of my own social intuitionist model and of moral foundations theory. I offer three principles that I think should characterize moral psychology in the twenty-first century: (1) Intuitions come first, strategic reasoning second, (2) There’s more to morality than harm and fairness and (3) Morality binds and blinds. 相似文献
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LV Xing-yu 《教育理论与实践》2007,(17)
由于对道德教育本体认识的偏差,道德教育简约为道德行为规范的植入与接受及行为训练,遮蔽了道德规范所依赖的价值取向及其合理性论证,当前的道德教育没有实现其工具功能和本体功能,陷入无效的困境。其根源是本质主义思维方式。道德教育走出困境需改变思维方式,以实践思维方式思考道德教育。实践思维方式以人为中心,关心人的生存,因而要求道德教育以道德判断、道德选择能力的培养取代"德目"的灌输。培养道德选择、判断能力的策略是:教学生以公正作为道德判断的原则、用" 1示范法"引起学生的道德冲突、奉行促进个体道德判断发展的原则、培养学生的道德观念、"公正团体"策略。 相似文献
16.
目的：探讨云南中小学生道德判断和道德行为的发展关系。方法：用团体施测方法对410名学生的道德判断和行为进行评定。结果：小五、初二学生及哈尼族学生的道德发展得分有一致性，男、女学生的道德发展也具有一致性；昆明学生的道德发展相关程度明显高于元江学生。讨论：中小学生的道德判断与道德行为相关非常显著，学生对道德认知的内化是影响其道德发展的关键。 相似文献
17.
摘 要:人类社会生活存在着各种各样的道德规范,道德判断在我们的生活中就无处不在。从古至今,许多学者对道德判断的研究着迷,特别是关于道德判断是受情绪控制还是受认知控制这一问题。近年来,关于这一争论的研究成果很丰富,本文梳理了这些有影响的研究成果,阐述各种理论的观点及其研究,分析各理论的局限,以期对深化道德判断的理论与实践研究有所裨益。 相似文献
18.
黄瑞英 《南通职业大学学报》2008,22(4):21-23
传统文化是大学德育中的重要内容。继承并弘扬传统文化,对于民族精神的发展、个体精神安顿和道德人格培养具有重要意义。大学德育要想获得教育实效,必须遵循“人性化德育”的教育理念,创设师生共同学习场景,激发学生的学习兴趣,让传统文化教育在德育课堂上“活起来”,使优良的道德传统内化为学生个人价值选择和价值判断的准则,完善学生的人格和道德品质。 相似文献
19.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(2):95-99
Abstract: Elsewhere, the author has argued that the liberal theory of moral education is both morally dangerous and philosophically mistaken. The moral educator cannot be morally neutral, but must be morally committed, even if he is to attempt to teach children how to think for themselves about moral questions, or develop their autonomy, rather than indoctrinate them. This position implies that the moral educator must be a moral authority. The author defends this claim against subjectivists who deny the existence of moral authority by arguing that the possibility of moral judgment creates the possibility of moral authority. 相似文献
20.
论研究生德育与本科生德育的衔接 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究生德育与本科生德育衔接是德育衔接中的一个薄弱环节。就研究生德育与本科生德育衔接存在的问题、原因以及研究生德育与本科生德育衔接的依据和对策进行了探讨。 相似文献