共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
博士后制度源于美国。50年代以来，美国政府大量增加研究人员和培训人员的经费，并把订立后研究作为培养创造性工作人员的具有效的手段。因此，美国博士后研究更加迅速发展起来。美国博士后人员主要集中于著名的大学或某几种学术领域中。1967年，美国高等院校中有13000名博士后人员，其中SO％集中于9％著名大学的研究生院内。在十所著名大学里，集中了全国物理化学领域中的博士后人员的95％，工程领域中的72％，生物科学方面的86％，医学领域的100％，社会科学领域的91％，人文科学领域的30％。现在，美国仍有数以万计的博士后人员集中在各… 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
博士后教育问题的分析及对策 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
博士后教育制度的创立和发展,顺应了我国经济和教育发展的大趋势。上海市近五年来招收的博士后人数以每年平均２０％的速度递增,现有９１个博士后科研流动站,１８个企业工作站。１９９９年进站人数为３０８人,在站人数达到历史最高记录,计有５８１人,预计到２００５年上海市将建成在站人数达１５００人以上的博士后人才队伍。伴随博士后规模的不断扩大和我国科技创新事业的发展,博士后教育工作也出现了一些新的矛盾和发展特点。 一、博士后教育发展中的主要问题分析 １．国家投入和发展规模不相称 这些年来上海经济的发展对各类人才… 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
据2007年国家公派出国留学选派工作会议消息，2007年，国家留学基金委将以国家留学基金资助方式在全国选派各类国家公派出国留学人员7000人，优先资助能源、资源、环境、农业、制造、信息等关键领域，生命、空间、海洋、纳米及新材料等战略领域，以及人文及应用社会科学。为培养一批能够提升我国自主创新能力及具有国际视野的创新骨干，满足国家中长期发展对拔尖创新人才的需求，国家公派出国留学将优化选派结构，进一步扩大研究生及博士后研究人员的选派规模。 相似文献
11.
Jessica M. Faupel-Badger Kimberley Raue David E. Nelson Sophia Tsakraklides 《CBE life sciences education》2015,14(1)
Published evaluations of career preparation of alumni from long-standing postdoctoral fellowship programs in the biomedical sciences are limited and often focus on quantitative analysis of data from extant publicly available sources. Qualitative methods provide the opportunity to gather robust information about specific program elements from structured postdoctoral training programs and the influence of this training on subsequent career paths of alumni. In-depth interviews with a subset of the National Cancer Institute’s Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program (CPFP) alumni (n = 27), representing more than 25 years of the program’s history and multiple career sectors, were conducted to assess alumni reflections on the training environment and career preparation during their time in the CPFP. NVivo software was used to analyze data and identify major themes. Four main themes emerged from these interviews, including: the value of structured training curriculum, mentorship, transdisciplinary environment, and professional identity. Even when reflecting on training that occurred one to two decades earlier, alumni were able to highlight specific components of a structured postdoctoral training program as influencing their research and career trajectories. These results may have relevance for those interested in assessing how postdoctoral training can influence fellows throughout their careers and understanding salient features of structured programs. 相似文献
12.
13.
Audra F. Schaefer Adam B. Wilson J. Bradley Barger Homaira M. Azim James J. Brokaw William S. Brooks 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(3):225-235
Anatomical sciences are foundational to the health professions, yet little is known about the qualifications of anatomy educators at the graduate and professional level in the United States. Moreover, there is concern that the number of qualified anatomy educators being trained may be insufficient to meet the growing demand posed by new and expanded programs in medicine and allied health specialties. The authors surveyed anatomists from across the country to (i) characterize the educational credentials of current anatomy educators and (ii) assess the perceived need for education-focused postdoctoral positions or formal mentorships to prepare anatomists for teaching-intensive faculty positions. To probe the survey responses more deeply, one-on-one interviews were conducted with eight individuals selected to represent a diverse sample of respondents in terms of institution, gender, and academic rank. Results indicate that 30–40% of educators at the graduate level and approximately 60% of those at the undergraduate level lack graduate coursework in histology, embryology, and neuroanatomy. Forty-five percent of respondents had completed a postdoctoral fellowship. Eighty-six percent replied “yes/maybe” to the question of whether an anatomy education postdoctoral fellowship would benefit doctoral graduates. The top 3 reasons for this recommendation were to (i) establish independent educational research, (ii) improve a publication record, and (iii) gain additional teaching experience. Notable weaknesses of education-focused postdoctoral training were related to finances, fear of exploitation, and undervaluing of teaching. Moving forward, postdoctoral fellowships and other forms of postgraduate training may represent a key strategy for training anatomists in the current educational climate. Anat Sci Educ 00: 000–000. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
14.
美国是博士后教育最为发达的国家之一,但是美国博士后教育发展过程中也存在着一些问题。美国科学荣誉学会对博士后教育的调查揭示了博士后教育的现状及其存在的问题,其调查结果对美国博士后教育产生了积极的影响。本文试图对该学会的调查加以介绍和分析,以期为我们反思与改善博士后教育提供启示。 相似文献
15.
Gerlese S. ?kerlind 《高等教育研究与发展》2005,24(1):21-40
Concerns with postdoctoral research training and employment outcomes are growing at an international level. Recent studies of postdoctoral and other contract researchers in various countries emphasize common issues associated with these appointments, including the absence of any systematic definition of postdoctoral research positions, lack of policy and data on postdoctoral researchers, and increasing dissatisfaction among postdoctoral researchers with the nature of their position and with their future employment prospects. These issues are explored further in the study reported here, through an interview‐based investigation of the views of both postdoctoral researchers and postdoctoral supervisors with regard to the nature of postdoctoral research positions and the career development support provided within those positions. Key findings include substantial variation in the functions of postdoctoral researchers, and in the perceived purposes of such positions. Despite a widespread perception among both postdocs and their supervisors of limited employment opportunities in academia or research positions, there was a consistent focus among both parties on the postdoctoral period as providing preparation for such positions. 相似文献
16.
Kuang-Hsu Chiang 《European Journal of Education》2011,46(2):257-270
This article investigates how doctoral students perceive their research education in different disciplines in two higher education systems, the UK and France. It explores what underlies the diversity of doctoral students' experiences. Three theoretical positions are identified: the epistemological position, conceptualisation of research objects and organisational structures of research training. A questionnaire on the experiences of research training was distributed to doctoral students in Economics & Management (representative of social sciences) and Chemistry (representative of natural sciences) in France and was compared to a survey carried out earlier in Education (representative of social sciences) and Chemistry (representative of natural sciences) in the UK. Strikingly, similar disciplinary patterns were found in the doctoral research experiences in the two countries. The findings were used to review the three theoretical positions on the experiences of doctoral studies. 相似文献
17.
本文以工程教育认证中人文社会科学类课程对工科毕业生培养的影响为切入点,探讨了目前在我国高等教育工科建设的过程中,人文社科教育长期缺失所带来的负面影响,认为在工科专业中设置人文社会科学类课程,可以提高工科生解决专业领域复杂工程问题的综合能力。本文以政治课程与通识课程为例,阐述了人文社会科学类课程在工科专业能力培养中的作用。 相似文献
18.
张洪娟 《中国科教创新导刊》2012,(32):11-12
我国博士后制度是具有中国特色的培养和使用高层次人才的制度,博士后已经成为高校引进教师的重要来源之一,顺应时代发展的必然趋势,加强博士后的国际化培养是目前博士后培养工作的迫切任务.本文简述了博士后国际化培养的必要性,针对目前博士后国际化培养存在的障碍因素,提出树立培养意识、请进走出培养模式、多元化经费投入机制、营造和谙学术环境等提升博士后国际化水平的有效措施. 相似文献
19.
鉴于社会科学越来越重视社会实际调查及研究,以及在非汉语地区社会科学调查的日益增加,本文主要阐述社会科学的人类学·民族学调查研究中调查地语言学习的必要性,①并以国外大学的人类学学科的实例印证了这种必要性的存在.而在这样的语言学习及训练当中,民族语言教育研究机构正好能够发挥自己的专长,一方面拓宽自己的教学及研究领域,促进自身的发展;另一方面也能与其他社会科学学科形成密切的协作关系,能够得到共同的发展. 相似文献
20.
陈新文 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2006,5(6):39-41
本课题针对高等职业教育中社会科学在人才培养中的作用进行了全面探讨。对高职院校社会科学学科建设、课程设置、研究队伍的建设等问题提出自己的观点，尤其是提出了社会科学在高校人才培养工作中的作用评价的指标及标准．对于社会科学的作用及其评价提供了一个新的视角。这项研究实际上也是对高职教育社会职能及其本质的一次考问．这一问题的提出，有利于高职院校树立科学的人才观，确定全面的人才培养目标．积极推动高职素质教育的进一步发展，对于高职院校课程改革、社会科学研究等也具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献