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1.
Michael Prosser Rosemary Millar 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1989,4(4):513-528
Recent research on student learning in higher education has increasingly focussed on experiential aspects of how students approach their studies and what they learn from their studies. In this paper we describe the results of a study using phenomenographic research techniques, which focusses on student learning in a first year university physics course. The study, using interviews with sixteen volunteer students from the course, shows that only those students who actively sought to change their conceptions of the subject matter did so, while those who sought only to reproduce that subject matter did not. 相似文献
2.
This paper argues that lecturers may provide insufficient challenge when teaching first year university physics courses, which may contribute to unsatisfactory learning outcomes. Comparisons in learning outcomes between a traditional teaching group and a constructivist orientated teaching group were investigated along with lecturers' and students' perceptions of those courses by interview and survey. Three main findings emerged from this study. The lecturers emphasised the students' poor physics background and adopted strategies to diminish the possible cognitive challenge in their teaching design. However, the students' concerns about the difficulty of the course seemed to be very minor. Finally, this study found that a teaching strategy of increasing the cognitive challenge for the students was likely to encourage an adoption of a comprehension learning approach, highlight the needs for learning university physics, and to promote cognitive engagement and learning commitment. 相似文献
3.
Ursula Wingate 《Higher Education Quarterly》2007,61(3):391-405
In this paper, a framework for developing first‐year students' learning is proposed. Its aim is to increase university managers' and teachers' awareness of two issues: (1) that the currently predominant ‘skills’ approaches to the enhancement of student learning are based on a deficiency model and achieve little more than remedying the overt problems of individual students and (2) that a holistic, subject‐specific approach is needed to support all students in the complex process of learning to learn in higher education. The framework aims at facilitating transition to university by helping students to understand what is expected from them at university, by addressing their conceptions of learning and knowledge and by gradually developing their competence as independent learners as well as their competence in constructing knowledge in their discipline. Different contexts are used to apply complementary methods for the development of learning. As the framework relies on the engagement of academic teachers, it is critical that university managers and policy makers give appropriate recognition to effective teaching. This involves instigating changes in conceptions of teaching, providing opportunities for educational development and setting incentives for teachers' commitment to student learning. 相似文献
4.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(2):173-182
Using students’ diaries as a frame of reference, this research project set out to learn more about how they experience foreign language classes in their first university year, over two semester periods (from September to June of the academic year 2007/08). The diaries were produced by 35 students of English Studies at the Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. The data gathered from these diaries were classified into three sections: Section 1 provides a qualitative study of the students’ opinions of the lessons (subdivided into three different areas of interest: what learners expected, what they valued and what they criticised); Section 2 covers comments on feeling expressed about their first experience at university; finally, in Section 3, the data are reconsidered to shed light on the students’ learning strategies. 相似文献
5.
The first year university experience: using personal epistemology to understand effective learning and teaching in higher education 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Personal epistemological beliefs, or beliefs about knowing, provide a way in which to understand learning in a range of educational
contexts because they are considered to act as filters for all other knowledge and beliefs. In particular, they provide a
useful framework for investigating learning and teaching for first year students in tertiary education, who are typically
considered to hold less sophisticated epistemological beliefs. Using semi-structured interviews, this study investigated the
nature of beliefs about knowing and learning of 35 first year teacher education and creative writing students at a large metropolitan
university in Australia. The interview analysis indicated that a relationship existed between individuals’ core beliefs about
knowing and their beliefs about learning. This relationship has implications for the way in which we support first year students’
learning as they transition into university and progress through their courses. 相似文献
6.
Robert A. Ellis 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(15):1835-1853
This study investigates the approaches adopted by students to a university writing programme designed to help them learn first‐year undergraduate science. The research design includes phenomenographic analyses of 19 interviews and 50 open‐ended questionnaires, as well as quantitative analyses of the qualitative data. The main results of the study are the close association between the quality of the students’ approaches to writing, including when they use technology, to the way they think about writing as a way of learning, and to the level of achievement they reach. The results suggest that writing programmes designed to help students learn science would be improved if their tasks embed issues such as what learning is possible through writing, how new technologies can be used to support meaningful writing and who should be offering models of how to approach university writing most meaningfully. 相似文献
7.
What university teachers teach and how they teach it 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Elaine Martin Michael Prosser Keith Trigwell Paul Ramsden Joan Benjamin 《Instructional Science》2000,28(5):387-412
In this article we make three related arguments. The first isthat different teachers have different intentions concerning whatstudents will learn and consequently in their teaching they constitutethe topic or subject to be taught quite differently. The second is thata teacher's intentions concerning what it is that students should learnis closely aligned with a teacher's expectation of how students learnand how they can be helped to learn through teaching. The third is thatwhen teachers focus specifically on the teaching of a particular topic,within a specific context, there is a close relationship between theirintentions and their teaching practice. In this article we explore thesearguments through an empirical study which considers the different waysin which 26 university teachers intended to constitute a subject ortopic for their students to study, how they then taught the subject andsubsequently how consistent were their intentions and their practice.The analysis shows that when the context of teaching and learning istightly defined there is a clear relationship between a teacher'sintention and their practice. In particular, university teachers whoadopt more conceptual change and student-focussed approaches to teachingconstitute objects of study which are more relational and focus on thestudent's knowledge. Approaches which are more information transmissionand teacher-focussed constitute objects of study which are moremulti-structural and have a focus on knowledge which is as constitutedas being external to the student. 相似文献
8.
Quality Learning of Physics: Conceptions Held by High School and University Teachers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper reports an exploration of the conceptions of quality learning held by two samples of physics teachers – final year, high school physics teachers and academics teaching first year university physics. We begin by outlining our view of quality learning, that is a view of learning in which learners take control of their own learning and engage with active construction and reconstruction of their own meanings for concepts and phenomena. This view of quality learning recognises the crucial role of the affective dimension of learning on the extent to which students engage with and maintain such constructivist and metacognitive approaches to learning. The study explored the qualitatively different ways in which individuals conceptualise quality learning in physics, using semi structured interviews that explored aspects of learning that the respondents regarded as worth fostering in their classrooms. The interview approach was a modification of the Interview-About-Instances approach that allowed the possibility of interviewees suggesting instances of particular relevance to their view of quality learning. This process resulted in a considerable quantity of rich and complex data related to a large range of aspects of physics learning. These data are summarised here, and the qualitatively different conceptions of the respondents with respect to four significant aspects of physics learning are discussed. These aspects are: doing experimental work; linking physics to the real world; students taking responsibility for their own learning and being confident/feeling proud of what you can do. 相似文献
9.
During these decades,learning Chinese has been a heated point in the foreign language teaching and learning.Due to this situation,I suggest to discuss three questions which are related to Chinese language teaching for beginners,they are about whether foreigners can and should learn literacy; whether to teach both pinyin and characters and what to teach first. 相似文献
10.
Gregory P. Thomas 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(7):1183-1207
Problems persist with physics learning in relation to students' understanding and use of representations for making sense of physics concepts. Further, students' views of physics learning and their physics learning processes have been predominantly found to reflect a ‘surface’ approach to learning that focuses on mathematical aspects of physics learning that are often passed on via textbooks and lecture-style teaching. This paper reports on a teacher's effort to stimulate students' metacognitive reflection regarding their views of physics learning and their physics learning processes via a pedagogical change that incorporated the use of a representational framework and metaphors. As a consequence of the teacher's pedagogical change, students metacognitively reflected on their views of physics and their learning processes and some reported changes in their views of what it meant to understand physics and how they might learn and understand physics concepts. The findings provide a basis for further explicit teaching of representational frameworks to students in physics education as a potential means of addressing issues with their physics learning. 相似文献
11.
Despina Potari Barbara Georgiadou–Kabouridis 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2009,12(1):7-25
This article refers to a longitudinal case study of a primary school teacher over a period of 4 years. The focus is on the
development of the teacher’s beliefs regarding mathematics teaching and learning from the last year of her university studies
up to the third year of teaching mathematics in school. This development has been investigated within three different contexts,
which have been distinguished in terms of the kind of support provided to this teacher. Two dominant beliefs emerged which
have been traced through the period of the study from both the teacher’s reflections and actions. The first belief drew on
the idea that what was considered an easy mathematical task by an adult could also be easily understood by children, while
the second was that children learn mathematics through their actual involvement in a variety of teaching activities. The results
indicate the way that teacher’s experiences from her university studies, actual classroom practice and inservice education
interact and influence her beliefs and professional development. 相似文献
12.
13.
茅云飞 《南昌教育学院学报》2010,25(6):130-130
物理教学活动应该是一种让学生主动去体验的过程——在体验中去学习,学生的物理学习应该是一种积极的、主动的过程,应该是一种内在的需要并得到满足的过程,从某种意义上讲,学生学会物理知识,并不是老师教会的,而是自己学会的,是学生在感悟和认识的冲突中,在体验和思考的过程中,学生主动去发现、构建的新知识,这要比老师硬塞给他们要强百倍、强千倍。 相似文献
14.
Theda Thomas Diane Jacobs Laurine Hurley Jenny Martin Svetlana Maslyuk Mark Lyall 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2019,44(3):398-414
Assessment plays an important role in first-year students’ transition to university, influencing how they learn. Poorly designed assessment can be demotivating and may even cause students to withdraw from university. An early low-stakes assessment task is recommended in first year, to provide information to students and staff on student progress, provide students with a positive experience and help them prepare for future assessments. This paper reports on first-year students’ experiences of two different early assessment tasks for two disciplines, one using an online quiz and the other a ‘research challenge’ that served as a precursor to writing an essay. The paper also presents lecturers’ reflections on what they learned, what they would change and the implications for others planning early assessment tasks for first years. Finally, ideas for future research are provided. 相似文献
15.
透过在新加坡访学期间对其教育文化的点滴见闻,以服务于学生为宗旨,以"关心在点滴"为标准,阐述高校"以学生为本,做人、做事、做学问"的育人理念,"教书育人、管理育人、服务育人"的"三育人"角色。 相似文献
16.
孙红琼 《楚雄师范学院学报》2013,28(2):77-83
随着大学英语课程改革的不断推进,课程的设置也会随着每所高校的实际情况而不同。构建适合于本校的校本英语课程随即成为很多教师考虑的问题。在英国,对于外国留学生而言,也有大学英语课程的学习。在倡导学生进行自主学习的今天,了解国外的大学英语课程设置对于大学英语课程教学改革有着很重要的意义。他们的课程设置总体上是突出让学生自己去学习英语,培养学生的学习能力,而并非教师告诉学生该学些什么内容。另外,自主学习体系里的语言指导也是只能在学生主动学习的情况下才有可能发生。借鉴其合理的教学设置,依据本校学生的学习特点,才能引导学生在进行英语学习方面创造出我们自己的大学英语课程设置。 相似文献
17.
毛东辉 《宁波教育学院学报》2011,13(4):121-122
略读课文作为小学语文教材的重要组成部分,在培养学生学习力方面起着重要的作用。教学中,教师应当从引导学生学习什么,怎样学习和品味鉴赏等方面着手,使学生加深对阅读材料的理解和体验,并在语文实践中学会自主学习,提升学生的语文学习力。 相似文献
18.
高中物理课堂应构建和谐课堂氛围,建立平等师生关系;创设有效问题情境,启发学生大胆质疑;提供＂成功＂机会,增强学生学习信心;引导学生独立学习,培养学生自主学习能力。有效课堂教学过程要充分体现学生学习的主体地位,充分发挥学生的主观能动性。教师要为学生提供更多的探索和发现的空间,提供展示的机会,让学生能够积极参与,快乐学习,从而实现课堂教学效果最大化。 相似文献
19.
实践教学一直是开放教育的重点,也是一个难点,应按“运用网络、立足校内、依托联盟、持续发展”的原则,构建“网络虚拟实训＋校内实体实训＋校外拓展实训＋学习包个体实训”的一体化实践教学体系,组织开展开放教育的实践教学工作,让学生学有所得、学以致用,真正培养社会紧缺的高技能人才。 相似文献