共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
19世纪自然科学的新进展揭开了科学转型期的序幕。恩格斯在总结概括19世纪自然科学成就的基础上,提出了科学发展的新思想。20世纪,系统科学作为一场新的科学革命悄然兴起,在控制论、信息论、运筹学等一系列技术科学的推动下,系统科学取得了快速发展。耗散结构论、协同学、超循环理论以及突变论等新的理论,使系统科学的发展得到了进一步的深化。 相似文献
2.
通过对100多年来诺贝尔科学奖数据的统计分析,展现了大学尤其是世界一流大学对科学的贡献:其一,获奖者多为大学教授;其二,获奖者出自全球251所大学;其三,世界一流大学是诺贝尔科学奖的摇篮.在此基础上,本文还对"诺贝尔科学奖的内涵"以及"为什么中国科学家与诺贝尔科学奖无缘"作了理性思考. 相似文献
3.
探讨科学哲学与科学教育理论构建的关系,提出应重视科学哲学的理论观念、思想方法对科学教育理论革新发展的价值,并把科学哲学的一些原则、方法引入到科学教育理论的建构之中. 相似文献
4.
实施综合科学课程理科教师们准备好了吗——分科理科教师对综合科学课程适应性的调查与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前,我国初中综合科学课程的发展面临着一些问题,教师素质是其中之一。对长春市未实施综合科学课程的15所初中理科教师的问卷调查的数据显示:总体上来说,目前的分科教师还很不了解综合科学课程;对初中综合科学课程持否定态度;不具备符合综合科学课程要求的学科知识结构和技能。可以通过高师院校改革、调整教师培训策略、增进交流等方面来增强教师对综合科学课程教学的适应性。 相似文献
5.
论述了爱因斯坦的科学贡献及其对人类文明、社会进步的深远影响,从而说明基础研究中原始创新的重要性. 相似文献
6.
In this paper we discuss the foundations and process of design of a research-informed instructional unit aimed for pre-service
science teacher education. The unit covers some key ideas on the nature of science (around methodology, theory change, scientific
inference and explanation, values, gender issues) anchoring them in a well-known episode from the history of science—the ‘discovery’
of radium by the Curies. Such episode is mainly examined as reconstructed in the 1997 French commercial film ‘Les Palmes de
Monsieur Schutz’. Pre-service science teachers are required to solve three tasks, individually and in small groups; those
tasks are respectively centred around: (1) the distinction between ‘discovering’ and ‘inventing’; (2) scientific modelling
via abduction; and (3) the extended hagiographic treatment of the figure of Madame Curie. Plenary debates around the tasks
aim at acquainting pre-service science teachers with some powerful concepts of twentieth century philosophy of science. 相似文献
7.
Science & Education - This exploratory case study affirmed the merit of using science fiction-inspired story writing to help Saudi Arabian Grade 10 female students learn science. Recognizing... 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Vicente Mellado Constantino Ruiz María Luisa Bermejo Roque Jiménez 《Science & Education》2006,15(5):419-445
One of the most important topics on the international agenda in educational research is to gain an understanding of the processes
of educational change in teachers and of the factors that favour or hinder it. Such understanding is, for instance, an essential
element in planning and putting into practice initial and ongoing teacher education programs. This article reviews the research
on science teachers’ educational change. To organize the information, an analogy is made with the process of scientific change,
analyzing and evaluating the contributions of the different models taken from the philosophy of science – positivism, Popper’s
principle of falsifiability, Lakatos’ scientific research programs, Laudan’s research traditions, Toulmin’s evolutionism,
and Kuhn’s relativism. We conclude the article with the implications for science teacher education. 相似文献
11.
作为测评学生科学学业成就替代性手段的科学表现性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
PAN Su-Dong 《教育理论与实践》2009,(1)
科学表现性评价是传统纸笔测验的一种重要替代性手段,能够评价传统测验难以测评的学生科学学业成就的重要方面。一个完备的科学表现性评价包括评价任务、应答格式和评分系统三大组成部分。任务类型和推理维度可以描述评价任务。根据各部分是否具有相互依赖性,应答格式可以分为一次性和分批次性两种。评分系统分为分项的和整体的两种类型,采用分项评分系统的不同任务类型的评价主要关注点各不相同,整体评分系统则采用量规来为表现评分。 相似文献
12.
Nature of science (NOS) is beginning to find its place in the science education in China. In a study which investigated Chinese science teacher educators’ conceptions of teaching NOS to prospective science teachers through semi-structured interviews, five key dimensions emerged from the data. This paper focuses on the dimension, NOS content to be taught to prospective science teachers. Among a total of twenty NOS elements considered by the Chinese science teacher educators to be important ideas to be taught, five were suggested by no less than a half of the educators. They are (1) empirical basis of scientific investigation, (2) logics in scientific investigation, (3) general process of scientific investigation, (4) progressive nature of scientific knowledge, and (5) realist views of mind and natural world. This paper discusses the influence of Marxism, a special socio-cultural factor in China, on Chinese science teacher educators’ conceptions of NOS content to be taught to prospective science teachers. We argue the importance of considering ideological traditions (mainly those in general philosophy and religion) when interpreting views of NOS or its content to be taught in different countries and regions and understanding students’ conceptual ecology of learning NOS. 相似文献
13.
The unique contributions of romanticism and romantic science have been generally ignored or undervalued in history and philosophy of science studies and science education. Although more recent research in history of science has come to delineate the value of both topics for the development of modern science, their merit for the educational field has not been explored. Romanticism was not only an obvious historical period, but a particular state of mind with its own extraordinary emotional sensitivity towards nature. It is especially the latter which we hope to revisit and reclaim for science education. After discussing several key historical contributions, we describe nine characteristics of ‘Romantic Science’ in order to focus on six ideas/possibilities that we believe hold much value for transforming current science education: (1) the emotional sensitivity toward nature, (2) the centrality of sense experience, (3) the importance of “holistic experience”, (4) the importance of the notions of mystery and wonder, (5) the power of science to transform people’s outlook on the natural world, and (6) the importance of the relationship between science and philosophy. It is argued that in view of a pragmatist/utilitarian conception of school science prevalent today the aforementioned ideas (especially the notion of wonder and the poetic/non-analytical mode of knowledge), can provide food for thought for both science teachers and researchers seeking to work out an aesthetic conception, one that complements current approaches such as inquiry science and conceptual change. 相似文献
14.
陈建华 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2000,29(7):98-102
科学教育目标的演变主要经历了两个过程：培养”科学专家“和提升”科学素养“。提升”科学素养“主要指三方面内容：了解、掌握科学知识;对科学探究方法和科学程序的理解;作为一一项珠科学的理解。”科学素养说“的科学教育目标,与全面推进素质教育、科教兴国的总方针是吻合的,它强调科技与社会、科技与文化、科技与人之间的关系,可以为我国深化课程和教学改革提供深刻的启示。 相似文献
15.
Kevin McCarthy 《Pastoral Care in Education》1997,15(1):15-21
Kevin McCarthy sees a slight irony in the idea of inspecting the spiritual dimension of education. Nevertheless, he argues strongly that schools' response to this should be creative. The resulting policy must be a whole-school one that involves both horizontal and vertical curriculum development. In the second part of his paper he describes how, in his own school, a programme is being developed which goes beyond the mechanistic approach to science typically found in examination syllabi. Starting from the students' own perceptions, this programme considers the big issue which underlies science: that of 'the spiritual dimension'. 相似文献
16.
17.
Science & Education - The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate if neuroscience, a contemporary example of science-in-the-making, provides a useful domain for contextualized... 相似文献
18.
Scientists’ science differs remarkably from school science. In order to be taught to students, science is recontextualized from scientific research communities to science classrooms. This paper examines scientific discourse in scientific research communities, and discusses its transformation from an internally-persuasive and authoritative discourse to a purely authoritative discourse under recontextualization. It presents the challenges that recontextualization of science poses for achievement of science literacy goals, and discusses remedial steps that science education community can take to meet them. 相似文献
19.
Although there is universal consensus both in the science education literature and in the science standards documents to the effect that students should learn not only the content of science but also its nature, there is little agreement about what that nature is. This led many science educators to adopt what is sometimes called ??the consensus view?? about the nature of science (NOS), whose goal is to teach students only those characteristics of science on which there is wide consensus. This is an attractive view, but it has some shortcomings and weaknesses. In this article we present and defend an alternative approach based on the notion of family resemblance. We argue that the family resemblance approach is superior to the consensus view in several ways, which we discuss in some detail. 相似文献
20.
对于科学本质可以从"科学是探究"、"科学有自身的价值观体系"、"科学是建构性的知识"三个主要方面进行诠释.科学教育要根据学生的特点,利用开展探究教学、融合科学吏、渗透STS等多样化的途径,让学生领悟科学的本质.进行有效的科学本质教育,教师要树立现代科学本质观,要把对科学本质的认识活动自然地融合于科学课程的学习之中,在引导学生领悟科学本质的过程中要注意渐进性. 相似文献