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1.
促进超常儿童创造力发展是为国家培养拔尖创新人才的重要途径。创造性课堂环境对超常儿童创造力发展有着十分重要的作用。教师是构建创造性课堂环境的关键因素,但目前教师构建创造性课堂环境的能力有待提升,且亟须具体可操作的指导策略。本研究基于已编制的《创造性课堂环境构建的指标体系》开展教师培训,为教师提供构建创造性课堂环境的具体指导。采用准实验研究法,验证构建创造性课堂环境对超常儿童创造力培养的有效性。以5名数学学科教师、42名普通班中的超常儿童及与之同班的147名普通儿童为研究对象,采用一般领域的发散性思维测试(Alternate Use Task,AUT)评估儿童创造力水平。研究结果表明：(1)经过专业培训,教师在创造性课堂环境构建的5个行为指标上得分均显著提升。(2)超常儿童在发散性思维3个指标上的得分显著高于普通儿童。(3)与普通教学相比,实验教学能显著提升超常和普通儿童的创造力水平。这表明教师学习和应用《创造性课堂环境构建的指标体系》不仅能提升其创造性课堂环境构建能力,而且其构建的创造性课堂环境能同时促进超常和普通儿童创造力的发展。 相似文献
2.
《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2017,(4)
不同动机对创造力的作用机制不同。内部动机有利于个体专注于创造过程,外部动机有利于提升个体的创造意图,二者均可促进创造力。与控制性动机相比,自主性动机为个体提供更大的自由度,允许个体以更为发散的方式解决问题从而提升创造力。趋近动机可增强个体思维的灵活性从而促进创造力,回避动机在特定情境中通过增强个体的坚持性亦有利于创造力的提升。亲社会动机使个体跳出自身视角的局限,增强其观点整合能力从而促进创造力;反社会动机则可能带来对规则的破坏感,进而易化创造性思维。责任动机、联合动机和权力动机对群体及群体中的个体的创造力有着积极影响。未来研究应分析多种动机对创造力的整合或交互作用,探寻动机作用于创造力的共有机制。 相似文献
3.
《陕西教育学院学报》2018,(10):121-124
文章以巢湖市1所幼儿园的441名儿童为测查对象,运用幼儿同伴侵害问卷、师幼关系问卷(教师版)及儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)来考察师幼关系在幼儿同伴侵害与社交焦虑关系间的中介作用。结果表明:女孩亲密性、满意度发展水平显著高于男孩,而男孩的冲突性发展水平则显著高于女孩;同伴侵害、社交焦虑及师幼关系年龄差异显著,但无性别差异;同伴侵害与亲密性、支持性及满意度呈显著负相关,与冲突性、儿童社交焦虑及年龄呈显著正相关;满意度与社交焦虑呈显著负相关;满意度在幼儿同伴侵害与社交焦虑关系间的中介作用显著。 相似文献
4.
(二)创造力的鉴别 创造力的鉴别主要通过创造力测验来完成.创造力测验主要是测查人的"发散思维"能力.鉴别超常儿童之所以把创造力作为一项主要内容,是因为创造力也是超常儿童的一个重要特征. 相似文献
5.
为探讨情境性调节聚焦对创造性的影响以及内部动机在其中的中介作用。以北京市141名高中生为被试,先诱发其形成情境性促进聚焦或情境性防御聚焦,然后完成一项托兰斯创造思维任务并测量任务中的内部动机。研究表明,情境性调节聚焦类型对变通性、独创性、创造性总分的预测作用均为边缘显著,情境性促进聚焦会导致更高的创造性;情境性调节聚焦类型对内部动机的压力/紧张指标的预测作用显著,情境性促进聚焦会导致更低的压力/紧张水平;内部动机的压力/紧张指标在情境性调节聚焦与创造性之间具有中介作用。研究增进了对情境性调节聚焦与创造性的关系及其发生途径的理解,且对于创造性培养具有一定的启发意义。 相似文献
6.
刘沙 《中小学心理健康教育》2017,(26):4-8
本研究采用问卷法测查了山西省阳泉市某所小学共544名小学儿童,旨在探讨学生知觉教师期望、同伴接纳对小学儿童人格的影响.结果发现:(1)学生知觉教师期望师生互动,消极反馈维度对小学儿童人格外倾性与亲社会性维度具有预测作用;(2)学生知觉教师期望师生互动,消极反馈维度通过影响同伴接纳水平,间接影响小学儿童人格外倾性与亲社会性的发展,因此,同伴接纳为中介变量. 相似文献
7.
《赣南师范学院学报》2021,(5):111-117
教师是流动儿童在城市生活与学习中的重要他人。为探讨流动儿童感知教师支持、心理资本、学习投入与内部动机的基本状况及其关系,对526名流动儿童进行问卷调查。结果发现：流动儿童感知教师支持、心理资本、学习投入与内部动机的总体状况良好;心理资本在教师支持与学习投入之间发挥部分中介作用,内部动机在前半段路径起调节作用。基于这个有调节的中介模型,建议从增强教师支持、提高心理资本、重视内部动机三个方面入手,提升流动儿童学习投入水平。 相似文献
8.
目的:考察青少年世故性、同伴依恋与青少年行为及情绪问题的关系,检验同伴依恋在世故性与行为及情绪问题间的中介作用.方法:采用儿童马基雅维利主义量表中文修订版、父母和同伴依恋问卷、长处和困难问卷(自评版)对郑州市383名初中生进行调查.结果:同伴依恋、世故性以及行为情绪问题间存在显著相关(P0.01);同伴依恋在世故性与行为及情绪问题间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比例为19.66%.结论:同伴依恋、世故性及行为情绪问题间的关系密切,世故性通过同伴依恋影响青少年的社会行为和情绪. 相似文献
9.
徐斐 《教育研究与评论(中学教育教学版)》2019,(6):67-70
在自主开发的数学思维训练课《思考与创造》中,根据创造性思维的方向和特征,如发散性、逆向性、立体性、灵活性、新颖性、批判性等,收集合适的学习材料,创设恰当的教学情境,力求让学生在体验和感悟的过程中,逐步学会创造性地思考。由此,更深切地感受到"情境"对于儿童创造性思维的引领作用:趣味情境能激发儿童创造性思维的内部动机;探究情境能引领儿童创造性思维的活动过程;质疑情境能提醒儿童创造性思维的严谨态度。 相似文献
10.
本研究选取10-12岁的流动超常儿童共66名,采用问卷法分别考察其人格和创造力的发展特征,并在此基础上探讨流动超常儿童的人格对其创造力的影响。结果显示,10-12岁的流动超常儿童:(1)创造力各维度的水平随着年龄的增长呈现出稳定增长的趋势,其中,10岁组得分显著低于其他组;(2)在人格宜人性、谨慎性和开放性上均表现出随年级增长而递增的趋势,其中,12岁组在人格宜人性上的得分显著高于10岁组;(3)人格的外向性对创造力的流畅性(47.9%)和变通性(56.1%)具有较好的预测作用,而宜人性对创造力的独特性(29.6%)具有较好的负向预测作用。 相似文献
11.
In this study, the following questions were addressed in an undergraduate non-major biology course using a large lecture format: Is there a relationship between students?? perceptions of their learning environment and course performance, and what roles do motivation and attitudes play in mediating that relationship? The purpose of this study was to test a path model describing the mediating effects of motivation and attitudes on learning environments and course performance. The study considered contemporary understanding of teaching and learning, as well as motivation and attitudes, in suggesting a direction for future reform efforts and to guide post-secondary science education instructors and leaders in the design of learning environments for undergraduate non-major biology courses. Among the classroom learning environment variables assessed in this study, personal relevance was the major contributor to predicting attitudes, motivation and course performance. Although the classroom learning environment had a very weak direct effect on course performance, there was a moderate total effect on self-efficacy and intrinsic goal orientation. The classroom learning environment also had a moderate total effect on attitudes toward biology. Attitudes toward biology had a moderate direct effect on self-efficacy. While attitudes toward biology was significantly correlated with course performance, the direct effect was extremely weak and was dropped from the model. However, attitudes toward biology had a moderate indirect effect on course performance due to the mediating effects of self-efficacy. Self-efficacy had a strong direct effect on course performance and therefore seemed to be particularly important. The model tested in this study explained 33?% of the variance in course performance, 56?% of the variance in self-efficacy, 24?% of the variance in attitudes toward biology, and 18?% of the variance in intrinsic goal orientation. To improve course performance, instructors should focus on building self-efficacy among their students and ensure that students find the course personally relevant. 相似文献
12.
Sandra W. Russ 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):291-303
Play and creativity have been linked in numerous ways. Theoretically, pretend play fosters the development of cognitive and affective processes that are important in the creative act. Russ's (1993) model of affect and creativity identified the major cognitive and affective processes involved in creativity and the relations among them, based on the research literature. Central to both play and creativity is divergent thinking. Both cognitive and affective processes in play have been related to divergent thinking in children. In a longitudinal study, quality of fantasy and imagination in play predicted divergent thinking over time. Divergent thinking itself was relatively stable over time. An important question is whether play can facilitate creativity. Play has been found to facilitate insight ability and divergent thinking. Studies have also shown that children can be taught to improve their play skills. Future research studies should: (i) investigate specific mechanisms that account for the relationship between play and creativity; (ii) develop play intervention techniques that improve play skills; and (iii) carry out longitudinal studies with large enough samples to enable the application of statistical procedures such as path analysis. 相似文献
13.
Drawing upon the componential theory of creativity, cognitive evaluation theory and social exchange theory, the study reported in this paper tested a mediating model based on the hypothesis that abusive supervision negatively influences creativity sequentially through leader–member exchange (LMX) and intrinsic motivation. The study employed structural equation modelling to analyse data from a survey on 857 postgraduates with academic supervisors at four universities in China. The findings were that (1) LMX fully mediates the relationship between abusive supervision and intrinsic motivation; (2) intrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between LMX and creativity; and (3) LMX and intrinsic motivation sequentially mediate the relationship between abusive supervision and individual creativity. Theoretical contributions to understanding the mechanism underlying the effect of abusive supervision on individual creativity and the practical implications of academic supervisors’ leadership practices and universities creativity management strategy are discussed. 相似文献
14.
曹能秀 《云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2000,32(6):89-93
本在介绍美国心理学家斯滕伯格１９９１年提出的创造力投资理论的基础上,结合我国幼儿教育的实际,提出了应从以下６个方面来培养幼儿的创造力;（１）不要局限于发散思维的培养;（２）培养幼儿的智力;（３）培养幼儿灵活运用知识的能力;（４）尊重幼儿的智力方式;（５）培养幼儿创造的人格和内有动机;（６）提供有利于幼儿创造力发展的环境。 相似文献
15.
为探讨3-5岁幼儿口语叙事能力对创造力发展的影响,采用修订后的叙事评估工具(NAP)与创造力测评工具(EPoC)对108名3-5岁幼儿进行个体施测。研究结果表明:(1)3-5岁幼儿口语叙事能力随年龄不断增长,4岁为快速发展期;(2)创造力的整体发展趋势随年龄增长呈倒U型,即在3-4岁幼儿创造力随年龄不断提高,在5岁时随年龄增长而下降;(3)3-5岁幼儿创造力与口语叙事能力发展均无显著性别差异;(4)3-5岁幼儿口语叙事能力中故事语法维度对幼儿发散性思维与语言创造力有显著正向预测作用,贡献率分别为7.6%和11.4%。 相似文献
16.
This research aims to understand university students’ thinking styles and the relationship with their views of creativity. The Thinking Styles Inventory‐Revised II was used to measure 13 thinking styles as defined in Sternberg’s theory of mental self‐government and the Conceptions of Creativity Scales was used to inquire students’ views about the conditions for evaluating creativity from six aspects: intelligence, knowledge, style of thinking, personality, motivation and learning environment. Significant relationships were identified between thinking styles and conceptions of creativity. This research contributes to the understanding about the relationship between conceptions of creativity and thinking styles, and brings insights for educators about educational innovations, as one of the key objectives of educational innovations is to develop creativity of the younger generation. 相似文献
17.
Promoting intrinsic motivation is often a central concern in teaching foreign languages to elementary school children. Self-determination theory posits that intrinsic motivation develops through the interaction of the person and the environment. The present study investigated how elementary school students’ motivation develops over the course of a school year in Japanese public schools. Five-hundred and fifteen Japanese elementary school children were surveyed over the course of one school year. Self-reported motivation, perceptions of teacher support, need satisfaction, and engagement were measured at different times. External raters observed students’ engagement, while classroom teachers assessed the quality of students’ motivation and learning. Structural equation modeling results indicated a positive, dynamic relationship between motivation, perceptions of the learning environment, and engagement. External raters’ assessments showed significant positive correlations with students’ self-reported engagement. Findings indicate how the instruction offered in these Japanese elementary schools supported students’ foreign language learning motivation. 相似文献
18.
Reflections as near‐peer facilitators of an inquiry project for undergraduate anatomy: Successes and challenges from a term of trial‐and‐error 
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下载免费PDF全文 Lauren M. Anstey Alison Michels Julianna Szymus Wyanne Law Man‐Hymn Edwin Ho Fei Qu Ralph T.T. Yeung Natalie Chow 《Anatomical sciences education》2014,7(1):64-70
Near‐peer facilitators (senior students serving as facilitators to their more junior peers) bring a unique student‐based perspective to teaching. With fewer years of teaching experience however, students who become involved in a facilitator role typically develop related skills quickly through a process of trial‐and‐error within the classroom. The aim of this paper is to report on the authors' own experiences and reflections as student near‐peer facilitators for an inquiry‐based project in an undergraduate anatomy course. Three areas of the facilitator experience are explored: (1) offering adequate guidance as facilitators of inquiry, (2) motivating students to engage in the inquiry process, and (3) fostering creativity in learning. A practical framework for providing guidance to students is discussed which offers facilitators a scaffold for asking questions and assisting students through the inquiry process. Considerations for stimulating intrinsic motivations toward inquiry learning are made, paying attention to ways in which facilitators might influence feelings of motivation towards learning. Also, the role of creativity in inquiry learning is explored by highlighting the actions facilitators can take to foster a creative learning environment. Finally, recommendations are made for the development of formalized training programs that aid near‐peer facilitators in the acquisition of facilitation skills before entering into a process of trial‐and‐error within the classroom. Anat Sci Educ. 7: 64–70. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
19.
This study investigates factors in the home environment and their influence on children’s analytical, creative, and practical skills. A sample of 294 gifted children (195 male) was recruited from grades 4–7 in Saudi Arabia, where the family context is highly influenced by the principles of Islam. Results did not confirm the effect of birth order, but showed that (1) mother’s education was an important factor for gifted children’s creativity; (2) the number of boys in the family was negatively associated with gifted boys’ creativity (r?=??.21); and (3) Quran-related learning experiences were positively related to gifted girls’ analytical (r?=?.46) and creative (r?=?.42) skills. Implications for understanding non-Western environments for gifted children are discussed. 相似文献
20.
为探讨初中生座位安排与学习动机、课堂师生互动的关系,采用学习动机量表、课堂师生互动问卷和教室座位一般问卷,对300名初中生进行调查。结果表明：处于优势区的初中生在学习动机、内部目标对象和任务价值得分上显著高于弱势区的初中生;座位调换周期大于一个月对初中生内部目标定向、任务价值和课堂师生互动有显著影响;座位调换周期大于一个月,座位区域与内部目标定向、任务价值和课堂师生互动存在显著相关,课堂师生互动与学习动机、能力把握信心和学习控制信念存在显著相关;课堂师生互动对学习动机回归效应显著,座位安排对学习动机与课堂师生互动的关系产生中介影响。 相似文献