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1.
Public memories and private tastes: The shifting definitions of museums and their visitors in the UK
Gayle McPherson Author Vitae 《Museum Management and Curatorship》2006,21(1):44-57
There is no doubt that museums now operate in a distinctly different market to those of the past. Rottenberg [Rottenberg, B. (2002). Museums, information and the public sphere. Museum International, 54(4), 21-28] identifies the two major trends in museums in the latter years of the 20th century as being ‘the prevalence of a new market-orientated ideology that stressed the importance of revenue generation’ and ‘the introduction of new technologies that transfixed not only the museum profession, but also the world’. The main impact, which these and other changes have had is the revision of the museum into a setting for recreational experiences [Foley, M. and McPherson, G. (2000). Museums as leisure. International Journal of Heritage Studies 16(2), 161-174; Stephen, A. (2001). The contemporary museum and leisure: Recreation as a museum function. MuseumManagement and Curatorship 19(3), 297-308], rather than an educative one. This paper attempts to address some of these shifts in ideology and purpose.The main concern that museums face as they become more ‘recreation-focused’ is that they will lose what has long been believed to be their ‘integrity’, and thus stray from their original missions to preserve and educate, with critics suggesting that they may simply become arenas for pleasure rather than education.This paper concludes that in future, it seems inevitable that museums will become ‘hybrid places, combining recreation and learning, allowing visitors diversions from the intense stimuli of strolling through galleries and viewing multitudinous objects’ [Kotler, N. (2004). New ways of experiencing culture: the role of museums and marketing implications. Museum Management and Curatorship, 19(4), 417-425], with entertainment and education working together to fulfil the museum's mission. Museums need not be afraid of using entertainment, but should embrace it as a tool for learning, potentially attracting a wider and more diversified public. 相似文献
2.
Yung-Neng Lin Author vitae 《Museum Management and Curatorship》2006,21(4):302-316
The main factor preventing non-visitors from visiting museums is ‘lack of interest’. But the causes of this ‘lack of interest’ are different in Taiwan than in western countries. Taiwanese non-visitors on low incomes are deterred by the strong association of museums with education. They want an experience that will be relaxing, enjoyable and pleasurable, and one which will not require any effort. They do not perceive museums as providing this. Non-visitors want museums to function more obviously as leisure venues that the whole family can actively enjoy. They say museums need to promote themselves as places for exploration and entertainment, as well as for education and learning. If museums wish to attract low-income non-visitors, they must consider how the needs of the non-visiting public can be met. 相似文献
3.
The paper explores the nature of docents'work in museums. From this is derived the concept ofthe docent function to describe different aspects ofthat work, some of which may be performed by otherpeople and also by objects such as maps andguidebooks. This analysis leads to the idea of theCyberdocent – an extension of the docent function totake advantage of new possibilities afforded byadvanced technologies. The potential of theCyberdocent in both virtual and real museums isinvestigated. The authors claim that it is theprovision of docent functions that make a physicalmuseum more than merely a collection, and equally, itis by the provision of Cyberdocent functionality thata virtual collection becomes a virtual museum. 相似文献
4.
Methods for studying family visitors in art museums: A cross-disciplinary review of current research
Pat Sterry Author Vitae Ela Beaumont Author Vitae 《Museum Management and Curatorship》2006,21(3):222-239
This paper examines current trends in family studies research, details the methodological and topical perspectives that are emerging, and reflects on how these findings could be integrated to provide a more coherent approach to researching the leisure, learning and recreational aspects of family visitors to art museums. Research findings from disciplines such as sociology, ethnography, education, design and marketing are of interest to the field of visitor studies, and this paper contributes to the wider research agenda by providing an overview of family research methods from a range of other disciplines, as well as those used within visitor studies.Over the last decade, there has been a growth of research in family learning in science museums, leading to an emerging disciplinary matrix, whilst many aspects of family visits to art museums remain relatively unexplored. The paper discusses the problems of gathering meaningful data from adults and children in family groups, and concludes by suggesting that a challenge for art museums is to learn from what is happening in other areas of cultural research into families, and to develop a framework for research which builds on the methodological strengths and practical experience of robust studies. 相似文献
5.
康晓璐 《自然科学博物馆研究》2022,(2):20-31
通过移动端推送博物馆展览是博物馆信息化的重要内容,但不少博物馆面临数字化应用无法实现服务质量和用户体验的预期,导致下载量和使用量较低的处境。本文以“故宫展览”数字化项目为例,通过对开发数字产品观念意识、展示设计能力的分析,总结出在设计数字产品中结合博物馆需求与观众需求,结合观众心理习惯与博物馆特色,构建以“物”为核心的展示内容,兼顾知识性与趣味性的展示形式,应用分众化传播策略等方法,探讨借助移动端数字应用对博物馆以教育为目标的传播属性起到的积极作用。 相似文献
6.
自然类博物馆在全国定级博物馆中占比仅为2.2%,其中拥有科研基地的博物馆就更少。对已有自然博物馆科研基地调研表明,尚未做到相对独立的科研实体,必须紧紧依靠博物馆业务部门。因此,自然博物馆科研基地建设尚无成功案例可循,需要探索出适宜的建设发展道路。本文通过对重庆自然博物馆科研基地建设过程中遇到的问题进行深入思考,提出相应的对策,尝试为此类科研基地建设提供相应策略。 相似文献
7.
Peter Walsh 《Archives and Museum Informatics》1997,11(2):77-85
In most existing art museum Web pages, the values of the museum dominate the values of the Web. Therefore, museum Web pages often electronically duplicate familiar museum products – floor plans, collection catalogues, event calendars – rather than transforming the idea of the museum by adapting the values of the Web.This paper will seek to show how art museums and technologists can come to understand each other and use their differences productively by:1. Orienting museum Web sites towards projects that can only be done on the Web and not on paper.2. Using the Web to overcome the many limitations to understanding imposed by the physical art museum.3. Using the interactive potentials of the Web to change the one-way flow of information from art museum to visitor to a two-way flow which also moves from visitor to museum.4. Infusing the orientation towards constant change into the art museum so that the Web helps the art museum to reinvent itself. 相似文献
8.
焦郑珊 《自然科学博物馆研究》2019,(4):12-19
2019年是美国自然历史博物馆建立150周年。在150年的发展历程中,随着博物馆功能逐渐明确为教育、研究与收藏,藏品在该博物馆中的作用也逐渐发生转变。藏品在收藏、研究与传播中所发挥的作用,是自然历史博物馆历史传承与新时代转变的体现。美国自然历史博物馆正在经历一系列的创新与转型,对于自然历史博物馆的未来发展有很大的启示意义,也有助于我们在当代背景下去理解自然历史博物馆的本质与价值。 相似文献
9.
Antonio G. Valdecasas Virginia Correia Ana M. Correas 《Museum Management and Curatorship》2006,21(1):32-43
The first natural history collections opened to the public were inspired by a sense of curiosity and wonder about the products of nature. They were ‘cabinets of curiosities’ that offered a first-hand interaction between owner and visitors. Nowadays, these two facets of the museum experience—dialogue and wonder—have been lost, in part, due to the information overload coming via the media and the impersonal nature of the museum visit. This paper offers some reflections on the evolution of the museum visit, suggests some ways to rediscover this ‘sense of wonder’ and provides ideas on how to promote two-way communication with museum visitors. Two examples of exhibitions are offered as illustrations of the points discussed. 相似文献
10.
Mark O'Neill Author Vitae 《Museum Management and Curatorship》2006,21(2):95-116
This article treats the prevalent confused mixture of utilitarian, art-and-knowledge-for-their-own-sake and ideological interpretations of the purpose of museums as a problem of epistemology, arguing that that key dimensions of museum knowledge (of objects, visitors, museums themselves, and of society) need to be integrated to achieve coherence. A new object-based, visitor-centred, storytelling epistemology is proposed. This would take an interdisciplinary approach and aim to unleash, rather than mute the real power of objects. It would address human destructiveness, as well as celebrating human creativity and the wonders of nature. It would respect the meaning-making practices of real, as opposed to idealized, imaginary visitors, and promote staff self-awareness in managing bureaucratic drift into introversion and avoidance of difficult issues. Incorporating a theory of justice, it would erode boundaries created by presentation traditions which, though marginal to object experiences, discriminate in favour of specific social groups—often groups with whom staff identify. Providing a museum service on a visibly fair basis is essential for museums to achieve intellectual coherence as well as societal support. 相似文献
11.
教育活动是实现科技博物馆教育功能的重要途径。本文以CiteSpace软件为计量工具,以中国知网和科学引文索引数据库为数据来源,对国内外科技博物馆教育活动研究的文献进行可视化分析。研究发现国内外研究在时间发展趋势上具有相似性,新媒体的应用、活动设计与创新以及STEM教育的融入是国内外主要研究热点,但在研究理念、阶段、内容、方法等方面存在差异。技术融合、活动设计创新、观众研究和学习效果研究、馆校合作、展教人员专业化发展是未来研究生长点。 相似文献
12.
Paul F. Marty Author vitae 《Museum Management and Curatorship》2006,21(4):317-335
This paper presents results from 21 semi-structured interviews with museum information professionals who were asked about their experiences working with information resources, tools, and technologies in museums. The interviews were analyzed to develop an understanding of the information literacy skills of museum information professionals. This paper presents the results of this analysis, and discusses the state of information literacy in museums, and the increasing need for museum information professionals to possess information literacy skills. The results illustrate how information literacy is defined by information professionals in museums, and how perceptions of information literacy and its importance to museums have changed over time. 相似文献
13.
基于全社会层面的弱势群体知识援助体系建设 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
14.
This paper investigates the cost and incidence of Freedom of Information (FOI) requests within councils in Scotland and in particular, the cost and incidence of requests which have been defined as ‘vexatious’ in order to investigate if the negative perceptions surrounding the cost and misuse of the legislation are justified. Additionally, the criteria and guidelines that councils are using to define ‘vexatious’ are also examined. The approach taken to the research in this study is a survey of the 32 councils in Scotland using freedom of information requests as the data collection method. 相似文献
15.
高校博物馆是教育系统开展科普活动的重要科普基础设施,如何促进高校博物馆建设对提升我国科技创新能力具有重要意义。本文归纳总结了我国高校博物馆发展现状和问题,分析了制约高校博物馆发展的成因,提出促进高校博物馆发展的若干对策。 相似文献
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17.
王恒 《自然科学博物馆研究》2016,1(2):36-43
科技博物馆的展览是否有结构上的要求？需要什么样的结构？本文根据布鲁纳的学习结构理论并结合科技博物馆展览设计的实践,对展览结构和教育过程进行了分析,提出展览结构是关系到展览设计水平、质量和展示教育效果的重大问题,并影响到基于展览的教育活动的设计。因此,展览的基本概念结构是依据展览主题建立起来的,是设计展览的出发点,直接影响展览设计的深度和广度。在此基础上,进一步论述了科技博物馆的展览应具有什么样的结构、如何构建展览的基本概念结构以及展览结构与展品、与基于展览的教育的关系。 相似文献
18.
Since most activists participating in the recent uprisings in Arab countries have been using social media to an unprecedented extent, public analyst and researchers have rushed to reflect on and explain the phenomena, often attributing a ‘change agency’ to social media as such. This argumentative research collects evidence from literature, recent surveys and focus groups in order to contextualize our understanding of the role of social media and its usage in reshaping the Arab government–citizen relationship: Are the traits of social media significant enough to single them out and discuss their specific impact on the government–citizen relationship? Are we well advised to attribute an ‘agency’ of social media in shaping politics and inducing political change? And in view of the actual use of social media: What are the options of containing emerging ‘destructive’ phenomena and ‘improving’ the government–citizen relationship? Answers are outlined to support contextualized design of social media technology and regulation: (1) Arab citizens basically support democratic concepts; however (2) social media as such do not act and therefore do not ‘create’ e.g. democracy; rather (3) social media enable a new political sphere for Arab citizens, nevertheless challenged by realpolitik; and (4) social media need care taking in terms of shaping political communication and shaping the media itself in order to serve well as mediator among citizens and between citizens and government. 相似文献
19.
自然史博物馆是公共博物馆初创时的主要形态,其后发展演变出多种形态。本文通过分析国际科技类博物馆发展历程及其背景,指出科技类博物馆的实质是构建和传播理性科学知识,其存在意义是奠定人作为世界主体的现代社会的知识基础;科技类博物馆呈现显著的发展阶段性,其收藏价值、组织目标、社会作用相应调整和改变。在此基础上,本文认为当代科技类博物馆需要坚持构建和传播理性知识的信念,拓展成年观众群体,鼓励观众参与科学研究过程,服务所在地地域发展需求。 相似文献
20.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):65-79
AbstractEnvironmental standards for cultural heritage collections have been much debated in recent years. The interest in the issue has been driven by the growing movement towards green museums, that is, managing indoor museum environments in a responsible and efficient manner, especially in terms of reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions but at the same time maintaining high standards of collection care. Painted wood is among the category of heritage objects most vulnerable to relative humidity and temperature fluctuations. Therefore, scientific understanding of how changes in environmental conditions ultimately affect painted wood is crucial to the development of rational guidelines for the control of climate in museums and historic buildings. This review provides a systematic progression through two fundamental approaches to establish the allowable ranges of climatic variations – an analysis of the mechanical response of painted wood as a complex, multilayer system to climate variations, and an analysis of the historic climate to which the objects have acclimatized. The climate specifications and standards based on both these approaches are reviewed. 相似文献