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《Journal of Informetrics》2023,17(1):101370
Elucidating and prejudging the patent technological value (PTV) is an important issue in the field of technology innovation and Patentometrics. However, most studies adopt a static perspective to define and evaluate it according to forward citations (FC), which disregards the time attribute and evolution process and may cause some contradictions or ambiguities among findings. Through combing the time and number attributes of FC, this study recommends a four-dimensional index (technology lifetime, strength, breadth, and dispersion) from the standpoint of patented technology diffusion, a dynamic evolution process. By considering patent data from three technology fields - graphene, information and communication, bio-medicine - as samples, we examine the multidimensional characteristics of PTV and further adopt Cox and multiple regression analysis to determine its influential factors. The finding shows that PTV is multi-dimensional and the four-dimensional index is helpful to explain the differentiation effects of different influential factors. Furthermore, six internal factors (intrinsic and evolutionary) that influence PTV in varying degree are identified and verified. Specially, as for intrinsic factors, only backward citation influences all four-dimensional index with a positive impact on technology lifetime and strength, and negative impact on breadth and dispersion. Technology field can negatively affect strength and breadth, but positively affect dispersion. Delivery term can only affect technology lifetime negatively. As for evolutionary factors, patent legal lifetime influences all four-dimensional index with a negative impact on technology lifetime and strength, and positive impact on breadth and dispersion. Forward citation exerts a positive impact on breadth and strength while a negative impact on technology lifetime and dispersion. Transfer number exerts a positive impact on technology lifetime, but a negative influence on dispersion. This study not only offers a four-dimensional index to signify the technological value of a patent, but construes the contradictions or ambiguities about the relationships between the influential factors and PTV. Besides, the influential factor model is also helpful to prejudge the technological value of patents at different stages after the granting. 相似文献
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《Journal of Informetrics》2023,17(3):101435
How do scientific knowledge and technological knowledge interact to influence patent inventions? This study combines the “Reliance on Science in Patenting” dataset with the PATSTAT database to investigate focal patents and their paper references and patent references. A temporal investigation shows a growing tendency that patents absorb more knowledge from patents than papers. Additionally, we conduct two sets of analyses, namely, studying the knowledge flow among 35 technology fields and 39 science fields and estimating the impact of cited references on patent impact. The results show that the fields are heterogeneous in absorbing scientific knowledge and technological knowledge. The empirical models indicate that the knowledge depth of both science and technology show an inverted U-shaped relationship with patent impact, while the curve of former is steeper. The knowledge breadth of both science and technology present a U-shaped relationship with patent impact, while the curve of latter is steeper. We also explore the impact of time lags and time spread on citations and estimate their joint effects. Our study provides a new understanding of the convergence of scientific knowledge and technological knowledge to facilitate patent inventions. 相似文献
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关键技术挖掘与企业技术竞争情报——以DVD激光头技术为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以美国专利数据库（USPTO）1995—2004年的专利数据为基础,利用关键词检索与专利引文检索相结合的方法来构建DVD激光头相关主题的专利数据集,用专利文献耦合和专利引证关系的文献计量学方法分析DVD激光头技术中的子技术主题的逐年演变和技术间的知识流动。 相似文献
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将启发式方法作为技术范式的特征指示,以启发式方法的不连续性和稳定性为切入点,基于专利引证网络分析半导体制造领域技术范式和技术轨迹的发展和演化过程。从美国专利数据库中采集55 229项1976年至2006年授权的半导体制造领域的相关专利,从专利数据集NBER中查询得到专利引证关系,利用网络分析软件Pajek构建专利引证网络。应用搜索路径连接统计法和搜索路径节点对统计法计算专利引证路径的连接度,提取技术进化轨迹。以技术进化分叉为切入点,从技术进化轨迹连续性和稳定性的角度对半导体制造技术各个发展阶段进行界定。分析各个发展阶段中专利的适用范围、技术背景、解决方案等,从中提炼技术启发式方法,进而分析技术范式及其演化情况。最后对下一步的研究工作进行展望。 相似文献
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基于专利引文分析的时间线技术 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在对专利引文可视化技术现状进行分析的基础上,将基于引文分析的时间线技术运用到专利文献的可视化分析。详细阐述该技术的理论依据、设计思想,并用美国专利数据库中的DVD激光头专利进行技术应用,证明该技术能揭示专利文献中的技术热点及其发展演变,并挖掘关键技术。 相似文献
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可视化工具在专利分析中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
中国企业在多个重要行业缺乏核心技术,但又面临着寻求研发机会和研发方向的难题。文章试图通过可视化工具结合专利引证分析和文本聚类分析等方法来分析某公司对于其核心专利的保护策略,专利布局和技术发展方向。通过分析,我们发现该公司对于其核心技术有着严密的保护策略,在后续多个相关领域均申请专利以保护其技术优势。此外,我们还发现最新研发方向为通信复用技术。该结果为企业规避竞争对手核心技术,制定研发策略,寻求技术发展方向提供决策支持。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 论文引用专利的“反向引用”也是科学与技术知识关联的重要体现。针对现有“反向引用”研究的不足,分析中国专利技术对世界科学研究的影响。[方法/过程] 搜集整理中国专利被世界科学论文引用的数据,利用文献计量学方法分析“反向引用”的引用频数、技术关联度、引用时滞及技术循环周期等指标,利用社会网络分析方法构建“反向引用”网络,探讨技术领域到科学领域的知识流动情况。[结果/结论] 中国专利技术对世界科学研究的影响力越来越大。科学与技术的双向互动在化学领域体现的最为明显,化学、工程、材料科学三个学科领域较多地吸收了专利知识,技术关联度较高。前1-4年的技术对当前科学影响最大,中国专利被科学文献引用的循环周期较短,平均为4.69年。 相似文献
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［目的/意义］ 基于专利的全代引证网络对专利进行分类,对高影响力专利的知识扩散特征进行分析,为专利影响力的认识和评估提供重要参考。［方法/过程］ 以生物学家悉尼·布伦纳的专利为例,研究其专利和前向引证专利生成的专利全代引证网络,根据专利的直接引证数量和引证长度两个对专利扩散发挥重要作用的因素将专利分为四类,将具有高被引数量长引证路径的专利定义为高影响力专利,对这种专利的知识扩散特征进行分析。［结果/结论］ 研究发现,在专利的全代引证网络中"关键专利""重要专利"和"隐藏的高影响力专利"对专利的扩散影响巨大,全代引证网络中专利的领域变化也体现了知识的流动现象,知识扩散速度可以通过数字直接刻画专利时序网络特点。结合研究结果,对高影响力专利的特点有了更具体的认识,并为高影响力专利的评价提出新的思路。 相似文献
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《Journal of Informetrics》2022,16(2):101286
Although the incidence of knowledge exploration is observed in most patents, the concept of knowledge exploration distance has been analyzed with limited patents at the macro level of a company, organization or region. This study quantifies the knowledge exploration distance of individual patents using network embedding methods and citation analysis. First, a technology ecology network is constructed to identify technological association relationships between technical elements. Second, network embedding method is employed to represent technical elements as fixed dimensional vector, preserving the structural information. Next, the individual patents are vectorized based on the technology classification code information and pre-trained embedding values. Finally, by comparing the position between a citing patent and cited patents in the vector space, the knowledge exploration distance of the patent is obtained. This knowledge exploration distance indicates the novel degree of technological association between technical elements of a citing patent and those of cited patents. The case study covering artificial intelligence technology-related patents is conducted to illustrate the process of calculating knowledge exploration distance. Besides, this study showed that the proposed measure has significant relationships with patent-based indicators related to protection coverage, prior knowledge, and patent value. 相似文献
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��[Purpose/significance] Patent is one of the most reliable sources of technical intelligence. By patent analysis, one can realize the mining and the utilization of patent information, and the technology innovation. Technological evolution analysis refers to the process of emergence, development, transfer, change and even annihilation of technology themes. The focus of the current research is to deeply reveal the patent technology information, technical elements are the key to deeply reveal patent technology information.[Method/process] Proposing a method for identifying technical elements based on patent documents for specific fields by analyzing typical patents and feature recognition.[Result/conclusion] Applying our methods to the nano fertilizer field, through the analysis of typical patents, five technical elements are identified:materials, products, methods, functions and usage, and the identification of technical elements is completed based on SAO structure and domain vocabulary. Our methods can serve as a foundation for technological evolution analysis, and display field technical information from multiple perspectives. 相似文献
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［目的/意义］ 开展面向特定技术领域的技术演化路径识别,有助于梳理技术发展脉络进而对未来的技术发展方向做出合理预测,对识别科技优先领域、合理配置科技资源具有重要意义。［方法/过程］ 在梳理技术演化与技术演化路径的相关内涵的基础上,简要辨析了技术演化路径相关概念;进而从专利文献中的不同信息出发,从专利分类、专利引文、专利文本以及融合多种字段信息来总结技术演化路径识别研究的主要进展,并进一步归纳出该主题的整体发展趋势。［结果/结论］ 技术演化路径识别研究主要趋势包括：数据来源从单一数据转向多源异构数据融合,研究方法从注重定量转向定性与定量相结合,关注视角从历史演化路径识别转向未来演化路径预测,应用场景由一般性技术到颠覆性技术转变。 相似文献
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This study uses bibliographic coupling to identify missing relevant patent links, in order to construct a comprehensive citation network. Missing citation links can be added by taking the missing relevant patent links into account. The Pareto principle is used to determine the threshold of bibliographic coupling strength, in order to identify the missing relevant patent links. Comparisons between the original patent citation network and the comprehensive patent citation network with the missing relevant patent links are illustrated at both the patent and assignee levels. Light emitting diode (LED) illuminating technology is chosen as the case study. The relationships between the patents and the assignees are obviously enhanced after adding the missing relevant patent links. The results show that the growth rates on both the total number and the average number of links have apparently improved at the patent level. At the assignee level, the number of linked assignees and the average number of links between two assignees are increased. The differences between the two citation networks are further examined by means of the Freeman vertex betweenness centrality and Johnson's hierarchical clustering. The patents with more new links to other patents have distinct results in terms of the Freeman vertex betweenness centrality. The enhancement of links among patents also results in different clustering. 相似文献
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文章旨在再验证专利被引证数作为评估专利价值指标的准确性,并结合专利引文进行深入剖析。利用美国专利数据库检索中置式电动车电控辅助装置、亲水性医用脱脂纱布、军用紧急绷带技术领域的专利,统计专利的被引证数,并采用专家评估结果加以比较。研究结果表明:仅有中置式电动车电控辅助装置专利,专家评估与被引证数指标评估的结果一致;而专利被引证次数因受时间因素影响,早期专利的被引证数较高,但不一定是高价值的专利;存在一些很少被引用,但根据专家评估原则及专利本身具备的特征,被评估为高价值的专利,即可能存在睡美人专利现象。对专利价值评估,不能仅从专利被引证数指标判断,还可应用其他评价方法,更客观反映专利价值,减少专利评价过程中可能存在的风险,以保护企业的技术创新。 相似文献
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本文从专利价值视角研究技术领域发展成熟度测度分析方法,以提升方法普适性、评价多维性以及分析结果客观性。基于专利价值构建出四个维度的技术成熟度指标体系,并采用主成分分析法对指标进行自动赋权,进而通过曲线拟合和发展阶段分界点计算,分析该领域技术发展成熟现状及未来发展趋势。运用本文模型对缓控释肥技术领域(由5299条专利数据构成)进行多维度技术成熟度评价分析,结果表明:该技术领域正处于快速成长阶段,预计在2024年进入技术发展成熟阶段。基于专利价值的技术成熟度分析方法一定程度上克服了单一指标评价和单一维度分析的片面性,相对客观全面地揭示了特定领域技术发展现状。 相似文献
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探索高校专利价值评估模型,快速锁定存在权利转移价值和失效风险的专利,有利于提升高校科技成果管理效率,加快高校科技成果向产业界转移,进一步激发高校科研人员的创新潜力。文章结合已有研究中的专利评估指标,从指标易获取性角度出发,选取11个指标形成专利评估体系;以云计算为技术领域,创建专利分析资源库;进而结合主成分分析与分类算法,构建专利价值评估模型;基于评估模型,对云计算领域中的高校专利进行识别,借鉴标准十分评估方法,对专利的权利转移概率进行划分,明确高校中具有权利转移价值和失效风险的专利。研究表明,结合主成分分析法,确定评估指标的有效性,使用十折交叉验证选取人工神经网络算法构建评估模型,分析发现高校存在权利转移价值的专利呈二次多项式分布,10.68%专利具有较高的权利转移价值,22.64%专利存在失效风险。文章构建的专利价值评估模型能够为高校科技成果管理人员进行专利运营,以及企业探寻高校核心技术提供决策支持。 相似文献
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《Journal of Informetrics》2020,14(1):100997
A utility patent application may result in two citable documents: a published patent application (PPA) and a patent if the application is granted. Most analytic works consider only citations to the patent and ignore those to the PPA. This study gathers more than 270,000 U.S. utility patents granted in 2014 and their PPAs, and compares their citation counts up to 2018. Statistics show that citations to patents, on the average, account for less than 50 % of those to the patents and their PPAs combined together, indicating a significant underestimation to the value or impact of the patents. The degree of depreciation is worse when the time gaps between patents and their PPAs are longer, as the PPAs not only have accumulated citations for a longer period, but also individually, concurrently, and continuously receive citations after the patent is granted. This study further applies Main Path Analysis to a conventional citation network involving only citations to the patents and another network augmented with those to the PPAs, using empirical data from United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) Cancer Moonshot Patent Data. The main path derived from the augmented network is almost entirely different from that of the conventional network. 相似文献
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探讨将生存分析应用至专利维持研究的适用性和有效性。运用生存分析中的生存函数和cox分层回归模型,针对中国1985-2009年间信息技术领域发明专利数据,确定领域专利维持时间分布、比较不同国别申请人维持状况,并量化影响专利维持的风险因素。研究发现:信息技术领域专利的中位生存期约为10.5年,仅有接近1%的专利维持到届满;美国申请人专利维持情况最好,中国申请人的维持时长总体偏低,但有部分专利始终能够得到市场的认可;申请授权时间、发明人数量、申请人数量、申请书页数对专利维持的影响依次降低。 相似文献