Adept through adaptation: Third culture individuals’ interpersonal sensitivity     

Allyn D. Lyttle  Gina G. Barker  Terri Lynn Cornwell 《Int J Intercult Relat》2011,35(5):686-694

This study evaluated the interpersonal sensitivity of third culture individuals, defined as people who lived in a country other than that of their nationality during their developmental years, by comparing them to mono-cultured individuals. While the notion that third culture individuals develop enhanced perceptual skills as a result of intercultural adaptation is widely accepted in popular and professional literature, this assertion has not been empirically tested. Previous research on intercultural communication competence and adaptation has almost exclusively focused on intercultural exposure among adults. This study collected data from 142 individuals using web-based surveys. The instruments measured two aspects of participants’ interpersonal sensitivity: social and emotional sensitivity. Results showed that third culture individuals have significantly higher social sensitivity than mono-cultured individuals, while mono-cultured individuals reported higher emotional sensitivity. Additionally, no significant correlation was found between greater intercultural experience and increased interpersonal sensitivity.  相似文献   

Trained humans can exercise safely in extreme dry heat when drinking water ad libitum     

Nolte HW  Noakes TD  Van Vuuren B 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(12):1233-1241

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New walkers with Down syndrome use cautious but effective strategies for crossing obstacles     

Mulvey GM  Kubo M  Chang CL  Ulrich BD 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(2):210-219

Perception of affordances research in children with developmental disabilities has only examined well practiced skills. Ten toddlers with Down syndrome and 10 with typical development walked across a GAITRite mat, with and without an obstacle. We coded the toddlers' behaviors after 1 and 3 months of walking experience when they encountered the obstacle (avoid, crawl, error and walk successfully) and calculated gait parameters (step length, width, and velocity). Both groups actively explored their affordances. Despite similar decreases in step length and velocity when approaching the obstacle, toddlers with Down syndrome were more likely to select successful but conservative crawling strategies that minimized balance requirements and reduced risk of falling. Group differences were due to risk management rather than difficulty perceiving affordances.  相似文献   

The effect of climbing wall use on the grip strength of fourth-grade students     

Lirgg CD  Dibrezzo R  Gray M  Esslinger T 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(2):350-354

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Selected metabolic responses to skateboarding     

Hetzler RK  Hunt I  Stickley CD  Kimura IF 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(4):788-793

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Psychological needs as mediators? The relationship between leisure-time physical activity and well being in people diagnosed with osteoporosis     

Gunnell KE  Mack DE  Wilson PM  Adachi JD 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(4):794-798

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Effect of exercise training on hippocampal volume in humans: a pilot study     

Parker BA  Thompson PD  Jordan KC  Grimaldi AS  Assaf M  Jagannathan K  Pearlson GD 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2011,82(3):585-591

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Coaching competency and satisfaction with the coach: a multi-level structural equation model     

Myers ND  Beauchamp MR  Chase MA 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(4):411-422

The purpose of this initial predictive validity study was to determine the ability of measures derived from the Athletes' Perceptions of Coaching Competency Scale II?-?High School Teams (APCCS II-HST) to predict satisfaction with the head coach. Specification of the statistical model was informed by the mediational model of coach-athlete interactions. The technical quality of the satisfaction measure was evaluated before testing the predictive validity of the coaching competency measures. Data were collected from athletes of seven sports. Athlete observations (N?=?748) were clustered within teams (G?=?74). Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) provided evidence for factorial invariance of a reduced version of the satisfaction measure by athlete gender. Multi-level CFA provided evidence of model-data consistency for a reduced version of the satisfaction measure. Multi-level structural equation modelling provided evidence for the ability of latent coaching competency to positively predict latent satisfaction at both the athlete level (technique competency and motivation competency) and the team level (coaching competency) and for close model-data fit. Implications of this study include: that the APCCS II-HST should be viewed as a replacement for the Coaching Competency Scale when the intended population is appropriate; a preliminary multi-level measurement model for satisfaction with one's coach that should be considered as a potential starting point in subsequent studies; and empirical support for a key relationship proposed in the mediational model of coach-athlete interactions.  相似文献   

Stress responses during aerobic exercise in relation to motivational dominance and state     

Thatcher J  Kuroda Y  Legrand FD  Thatcher R 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(3):299-306

We examined the hypothesis that congruence between motivational dominance and state results in optimal psychological responses and performance during exercise. Twenty participants (10 telic dominant and 10 paratelic dominant) rated their stress at 5 min intervals as they cycled on an ergometer at gas exchange threshold for 30 min in both telic and paratelic state manipulated conditions. Participants then performed a test to exhaustion at a resistance equivalent to 110% of VO(2max). The hypothesized interaction between condition and dominance was significant for internal tension stress, as paratelic dominants were more stressed than telic dominants when exercising in the telic state and telic dominants were more stressed than paratelic dominants when exercising in the paratelic state. Similarly, the condition × dominance interaction for internal stress discrepancy was significant, as paratelic dominants reported greater internal stress discrepancy exercising in the telic compared with the paratelic state. Findings are discussed in relation to the application of reversal theory for understanding stress responses during aerobic exercise.  相似文献   

Automaticity of exercise self-regulatory efficacy beliefs in adults with high and low experience in exercise self-regulation     

Buckley J  Cameron LD 《运动与训练心理学杂志》2011,33(3):325-348

Guided by social cognitive theory (SCT), we investigated whether exercise self-regulatory efficacy beliefs can be activated nonconsciously in individuals experienced and inexperienced in exercise self-regulation, and whether these beliefs are automatically associated with exercise self-regulation processes. The study used a 2 (Exercise Self-Regulation Experience Group) × 3 (Prime Condition) between-subjects design in which individuals experienced and inexperienced in exercise self-regulation were randomly assigned to receive subliminal, supraliminal, or no priming of exercise self-regulatory efficacy beliefs. Participants completed hypothetical diary entries, which were assessed for exercise self-regulatory efficacy and self-regulation expressions using content analyses with a SCT coding system and the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) text analysis program. For both exercise self-regulation experience groups, self-efficacy priming led to more expressions of low exercise self-regulatory efficacy and dysfunctional exercise self-regulation strategies compared with the control prime. For participants experienced in exercise self-regulation, supraliminal priming (vs. control priming) led to more expressions of high exercise self-regulatory efficacy and functional exercise self-regulation strategies. For the experienced groups, priming led to automaticity of exercise expressions compared with the control condition. For inexperienced participants in the subliminal prime condition, priming led to automaticity of self-regulatory efficacy beliefs and work-related goals compared with the control condition. Automatic activation of exercise self-regulatory efficacy and exercise self-regulation processes suggests that self-regulation of exercise behavior can occur nonconsciously.  相似文献