Cinematic Rendering in Anatomy: A Crossover Study Comparing a Novel 3D Reconstruction Technique to Conventional Computed Tomography     

Johannes S. Binder  Michael Scholz  Stephan Ellmann  Michael Uder  Robert Grützmann  Georg F. Weber  Christian Krautz 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(1):22-31

Integration of medical imaging into preclinical anatomy courses is already underway in many medical schools. However, interpretation of two-dimensional grayscale images is difficult and conventional volume rendering techniques provide only images of limited quality. In this regard, a more photorealistic visualization provided by Cinematic Rendering (CR) may be more suitable for anatomical education. A randomized, two-period crossover study was conducted from July to December 2018, at the University Hospital of Erlangen, Germany to compare CR and conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging for speed and comprehension of anatomy. Sixteen students were randomized into two assessment sequences. During each assessment period, participants had to answer 15 anatomy-related questions that were divided into three categories: parenchymal, musculoskeletal, and vascular anatomy. After a washout period of 14 days, assessments were crossed over to the respective second reconstruction technique. The mean interperiod differences for the time to answer differed significantly between the CR–CT sequence (−204.21 ± 156.0 seconds) and the CT–CR sequence (243.33 ± 113.83 seconds; P < 0.001). Overall time reduction by CR was 65.56%. Cinematic Rendering visualization of musculoskeletal and vascular anatomy was higher rated compared to CT visualization (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003), whereas CT visualization of parenchymal anatomy received a higher scoring than CR visualization (P < 0.001). No carryover effects were observed. A questionnaire revealed that students consider CR to be beneficial for medical education. These results suggest that CR has a potential to enhance knowledge acquisition and transfer from medical imaging data in medical education.  相似文献   

The links between pedagogical competence,instructional quality,and mathematics achievement in the lower secondary classroom     

König  Johannes  Blömeke  Sigrid  Jentsch  Armin  Schlesinger  Lena  née Nehls  Caroline Felske  Musekamp  Frank  Kaiser  Gabriele 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2021,107(1):189-212

Educational Studies in Mathematics - It is widely assumed that teachers play a key role in providing high-quality learning opportunities to students and fostering students’ learning. Yet it...  相似文献   

A new look at learning-disabled and normal-achieving children's word-pair memorization ability     

Kees P. Van den Bos  Johannes Kingma 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1987,1(4):45-59

An 11-parameter Markov model of stages of learning, which was developed by Brainerd et al., will be presented. The focus will be on parameter interpretation in terms of long-term memory (LTM) processes. Next the model will be used to examine the contribution of these various LTM processes to Schooltype and Age differences in a word-pair memorization experiment. Subjects were 8 and 11-year-old normal-achieving (NA) children from regular elementary schools and 8 and 11-year-old children from special schools for learning disabled (LD) children. One of the main conclusions is that the Schooltype × Age interaction which was demonstrated for traditional performance measures, can be explained by LD children's little developmental progress in storage processes and deviations from normal development in aspects of the acquisition of retrieval algorithms. No deficiences were, however, detected in the LD children's rerention ability early in the task, and in the so-called heuristic retrieval operations.  相似文献   

过程导向的职业教育意味着什么?   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Anke Bahl  Johannes Koch  Egon Meerten  Gert Zinke  刘邦祥 《中国职业技术教育》2006,(34):8-10

为了促进职业教育更好地适应企业的需要、促进技术和组织结构的迅速更新，新颁布的《职业教育条例》提出了“针对过程”开展职业教育的要求。从此，《职业教育条例》只描述相关企业所共有的任务，而具体的教育内容则由职业教育企业自行确定。本文阐述了“过程针对性”对开展职业教育的影响，提出了相关人员的新型任务和专门化训练的需求。  相似文献   

The interdisciplinary team approach to child abuse services: Strengths and limitations     

G. Wallen M.S.W.  S. Pierce B.S.  M.F. Koch M.D.  H.D. Venters M.D. 《Child abuse & neglect》1977,1(2-4)

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The significance of discrepancies between the verbal and non-verbal intelligence scores of a group of first year university students     

Johannes A. Le Roux  Roelof P. Van Der Merwe 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1985,8(3):249-260

The object of the study was to investigate the significance of the differences between verbal and non-verbal scores on the New South African Group Intelligence Test (NSAGT).The experimental subjects were first year university students. They were subdivided into three groups: one group whose non-verbal scores were higher than their verbal scores, a second group whose verbal scores were higher than their nonverbal scores and a third group, acting as a control group, whose verbal and nonverbal scores were approximately equal.The three groups were compared with regard to such features as visual and auditory acuity, personal adjustment and academic achievement. The raw data were arranged in three-dimensional contingency tables and interrelationships between variables were computed by means of the G² test.A positive correlation was found between temperamental personality features and high non-verbal scores on the NSAGT.This article is based on the MA dissertation of the second author under the supervision of the first author. The study was partly sponsored by a grant from the Human Sciences Research Council. Republic of South Africa, to which body grateful acknowledgement is made. However, the opinions expressed and the conclusions drawn are the absolute responsibility of the authors  相似文献   

Gardnerella vaginalis infection and sexual contact in female children     

David L. Ingram  Susanne T. White  Pauline R. Lyna  Kimberly F. Crews  J.E. Schmid  V.Denise Everett  G.G. Koch 《Child abuse & neglect》1992,16(6):847-853

Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) infection has been reported as being acquired via sexual contact in adults and as an indicator of sexual contact in female children (DeJong, 1985). The purpose of this study was to determine if GV infection was more commonly found in 191 female children who gave a history of sexual contact and/or were infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) or Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) (Group 1), compared with 144 female children evaluated for possible sexual abuse and found to have no such history or infection with GC or CT (Group 2), or 31 female children (friends of the authors) without such a history or GC or CT infection (Group 3). Vaginal GV was found in 5.3% of Group 1, 4.9% of Group 2 and 6.4% of Group 3 (p > .05). Also, vaginal GV infection was not related to the type of sexual contact or race, but did increase with age in white female children. Because vaginal GV infection is not more commonly found in children with a history of sexual contact than those without such a history, the finding of GV in a vaginal culture in an individual case would not be a reliable marker of sexual contact. Routine culturing for GV is not recommended as part of a sexual abuse workup.  相似文献   

Ureaplasma urealyticum and large colony mycoplasma colonization in female children and its relationship to sexual contact, age, and race.     

D L Ingram  S T White  P Lyna  K F Crews  J E Schmid  G G Koch  V D Everett 《Child abuse & neglect》1992,16(2):265-272

In order to determine if Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) or large colony mycoplasma (LCM) colonization was related to a history of sexual abuse, the type of sexual contact, an enlarged vaginal introitus transverse diameter (greater than 4 mm), age or race, 452 female children, ages 1-12 years, were evaluated by the Child Sexual Abuse Team at Wake Medical Center in Raleigh, NC. Thirty-six girls were deleted because of inadequate cultures. When controlled for race and age, Uu throat (T), vaginal (V), and rectal (R) colonization and LCM vaginal and rectal colonization were not related to any of the other variables listed above. The enlarged vaginal introital diameter was related to a history of sexual abuse (p less than .001). Uu and LCM vaginal colonization rates were increased in black girls as compared to white girls (p less than .05). Uu V, Uu R, LCM V, and LCM R colonization increased with age. In our study population, Uu and LCM colonization was not a useful marker of sexual contact.  相似文献   

The Effect of a Mentoring Model for Elementary Science Professional Development     

Janice Koch  Ken Appleton 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2007,18(2):209-231

This study describes an elementary science model of professional development through mentoring by university science education professors working with teachers at a private elementary school in a regional city in Queensland, Australia. A cross-cultural collaboration involving professors from the United States and Australia resulted in the socially constructed image of the science education mentor. While there is no generic model for elementary science mentoring, results of data collection reveal that (a) one-to-one mentoring has short-term implications for implementing constructivist science teaching practices; (b) successful mentoring models include facilitating the understanding of science content, exploring elementary science pedagogical content knowledge through modeling, and off-site professional development workshops; and (c) understanding and working from the predispositions of the teachers is an essential component of effective professional development.  相似文献   

System competence modelling: Theoretical foundation and empirical validation of a model involving natural,social and human‐environment systems          下载免费PDF全文

Rainer Mehren  Armin Rempfler  Janine Buchholz  Johannes Hartig  Eva M. Ulrich‐Riedhammer 《科学教学研究杂志》2018,55(5):685-711

Constituting a metacognitive strategy, system competence or systems thinking can only assume its assigned key function as a basic concept for the school subject of geography in Germany after a theoretical and empirical foundation has been established. A measurement instrument is required which is suitable both for supporting students and for the evaluation of methodical‐didactic measures. Such a tool is theoretically anchored in an empirically validated geography‐didactic and cognition‐psychological competence model, providing a differentiated representation of both the internal structure of a competency and the proficiency levels. The starting point of this foundation was the development of a normative‐theoretically derived model of geographic system competence. Its empirical validation was performed in different phases aimed at operationalising the competence model by means of test problems. In order to analyse the factor structure of the theoretical model, various item response models were estimated. The item levels of difficulty expected in the competence model were related to the empirical levels of difficulty and predicted by means of ordinary least squares regression to verify the model for proficiency levels. The two‐dimensional competence model – with the two dimensions ‘system organisation and behaviour’ and ‘system‐adequate intention to act’ – exhibits a better fit in reference to the model fit criteria than the one‐dimensional and three‐dimensional models. The correlations between the expected and empirical item difficulties are positive. Items that should be more difficult according to the competence model are actually shown to be more difficult. These findings suggest the reliability and validity of this new measurement instrument for diagnosing and promoting geographical system competence. It has to be implemented in practice as the next step.  相似文献