地方工科院校计算机专业软件人才培养模式改革与实践——以广西工学院为例     

刘浩  唐培和  朱亚超  伍轶明 《高教论坛》2011,(3):47-49

针对地方工科院校培养的大量计算机专业软件人才不能满足社会和企业对软件人才质量上的需求问题进行分析,以广西工学院为例,从计算机专业软件方向人才培养方案、课程体系、教学内容和评价方式改革、实习实践基地建设、教师实践能力培养等几个方面对地方工科院校计算机专业软件人才培养模式进行了改革和实践。  相似文献   

信息技术支持下的科学研究性学习:模式、实施与成效——以“数字化微型气象站”在研究性学习中的应用为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭豪  钱扬义 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(2):95-100

通过以"数字化微型气象站"在科学研究性学习中的应用为例,探析了运用信息技术开展研究性学习的方式,实施了气象专题系列式的研究性学习,并通过访谈调查法了解学习的成效。调查结果表明,学生在研究性学习中体会到科学研究的过程并获得了积极的情感体验;师生们都对信息技术支持下的科学研究性学习给予了较高地评价。  相似文献   

大学教育目标如何在学生评教中得到体现——以24所世界著名大学为例     

丁妍  王颖  陈侃 《复旦教育论坛》2011,9(5)

学生评教是国内外大学普遍采用的改善教育质量的手段。本文在终结型——发展型教育目标的理论框架下,整理并考察世界一流大学的学生评教指标,实证分析评教指标背后所体现的大学教育目标及模式。研究发现,国外大学的学生评教与教育目标之间具有一贯性,其指标设计同时融合了终结型和发展型取向的评教内容,后者略占优势;在地区差异上,欧洲大学偏向于发展型的教学目标,而亚太大学中终结型模式仍然表现强势。分析结果也提示我们,应更深入地理解国外大学评教指标,促进学生评教与教育目标的整合性,推动先进教学模式的形成,从而提高我国大学学生评教的有效性。  相似文献   

不连续创新模式下企业协同价值创造策略研究     

黄昊  王国红  邢蕊 《科研管理》2020,41(3):205-216

制造类大企业与技术型小企业协同价值创造策略问题存在深入探究的价值。通过调研归纳出企业协同价值创造行为过程框架,建立企业协同价值创造初始过程的策略选择两阶段Stackelberg博弈模型,通过最优化问题的求解探讨博弈主体的策略优化问题。结果表明,大企业的技术创新意向投入存在阈值,且平均机会成本对该阈值有正向影响,大企业的技术创新成本参数与技术服务合同违约金系数对创新意向投入有负向影响;大企业的技术创新意向投入、渠道概率、意向概率,以及违约金系数对小企业的技术服务营销管理投入有正向影响,平均机会成本对技术服务营销管理投入有负向影响。数值仿真分析验证了研究命题与模拟结果的一致性。  相似文献   

新工科背景下机器人工程专业教学模式探索     

涂细凯  伍赛  陆浩 《科教文汇》2020,(6):72-73

随着我国智能制造业的快速发展,机器人产业也快速增长,社会急需大量的机器人工程专业人才,机器人学科作为一门新工科,其相关专业的人才培养模式还在不断摸索中。传统的教学模式已不能满足新工科的内涵和发展要求。因此,本文以产业需求为导向,分析了当前机器人工程专业在人才培养过程中存在的问题,并结合自身的实践项目和教学经验,为高校机器人工程专业人才培养提出建议。  相似文献   

Convergent genomic signatures of high-altitude adaptation among domestic mammals     

Dong-Dong Wu  Cui-Ping Yang  Ming-Shan Wang  Kun-Zhe Dong  Da-Wei Yan  Zi-Qian Hao  Song-Qing Fan  Shu-Zhou Chu  Qiu-Shuo Shen  Li-Ping Jiang  Yan Li  Lin Zeng  He-Qun Liu  Hai-Bing Xie  Yun-Fei Ma  Xiao-Yan Kong  Shu-Li Yang  Xin-Xing Dong  Ali Esmailizadeh  David M Irwin  Xiao Xiao  Ming Li  Yang Dong  Wen Wang  Peng Shi  Hai-Peng Li  Yue-Hui Ma  Xiao Gou  Yong-Bin Chen  Ya-Ping Zhang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(6):952

Abundant and diverse domestic mammals living on the Tibetan Plateau provide useful materials for investigating adaptive evolution and genetic convergence. Here, we used 327 genomes from horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and dogs living at both high and low altitudes, including 73 genomes generated for this study, to disentangle the genetic mechanisms underlying local adaptation of domestic mammals. Although molecular convergence is comparatively rare at the DNA sequence level, we found convergent signature of positive selection at the gene level, particularly the EPAS1 gene in these Tibetan domestic mammals. We also reported a potential function in response to hypoxia for the gene C10orf67, which underwent positive selection in three of the domestic mammals. Our data provide an insight into adaptive evolution of high-altitude domestic mammals, and should facilitate the search for additional novel genes involved in the hypoxia response pathway.  相似文献   

Genomic consequences of population decline in critically endangered pangolins and their demographic histories     

Jing-Yang Hu  Zi-Qian Hao  Laurent Frantz  Shi-Fang Wu  Wu Chen  Yun-Fang Jiang  Hong Wu  Wei-Min Kuang  Haipeng Li  Ya-Ping Zhang  Li Yu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(4):798

Pangolins are among the most critically endangered animals due to heavy poaching and worldwide trafficking. However, their demographic histories and the genomic consequences of their recent population declines remain unknown. We generated high-quality de novo reference genomes for critically endangered Malayan (Manis javanica, MJ) and Chinese (M. pentadactyla, MP) pangolins and re-sequencing population genomic data from 74 MJs and 23 MPs. We recovered the population identities of illegally traded pangolins and previously unrecognized genetic populations that should be protected as evolutionarily distinct conservation units. Demographic reconstruction suggested environmental changes have resulted in a population size fluctuation of pangolins. Additionally, recent population size declines due to human activities have resulted in an increase in inbreeding and genetic load. Deleterious mutations were enriched in genes related to cancer/diseases and cholesterol homeostasis, which may have increased their susceptibility to diseases and decreased their survival potential to adapt to environmental changes and high-cholesterol diets. This comprehensive study provides not only high-quality pangolin reference genomes, but also valuable information concerning the driving factors of long-term population size fluctuations and the genomic impact of recent population size declines due to human activities, which is essential for pangolin conservation management and global action planning.  相似文献   

Rapid phenotypic evolution with shallow genomic differentiation during early stages of high elevation adaptation in Eurasian Tree Sparrows     

Yanhua Qu  Chunhai Chen  Ying Xiong  Huishang She  Yong E Zhang  Yalin Cheng  Shane DuBay  Dongming Li  Per G P Ericson  Yan Hao  Hongyuan Wang  Hongfeng Zhao  Gang Song  Hailin Zhang  Ting Yang  Chi Zhang  Liping Liang  Tianyu Wu  Jinyang Zhao  Qiang Gao  Weiwei Zhai  Fumin Lei 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(1):113

Known as the ‘third polar region’, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there. Previous studies of birds, animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence. The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood. We studied a human commensal, the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels, in particular in muscle-related phenotypes, highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years. In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity, we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes. Through population genetic analyses, we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation, whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci, many of which are associated with muscle-related processes. Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution, shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment.  相似文献   

An overview of the use of plastic-film mulching in China to increase crop yield and water-use efficiency     

Dongbao Sun  Haigang Li  Enli Wang  Wenqing He  Weiping Hao  Changrong Yan  Yuzhong Li  Xurong Mei  Yanqing Zhang  Zhanxiang Sun  Zhikuan Jia  Huaiping Zhou  Tinglu Fan  Xucheng Zhang  Qin Liu  Fengju Wang  Chaochun Zhang  Jianbo Shen  Qingsuo Wang  Fusuo Zhang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(10):1523

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资本结构理论与中小型高新技术企业融资     

张玉明  王浩  袭著超 《科技管理研究》2006,26(3):48-50,53

沿M-M定理建立起来的现代资本结构理论在完全市场条件的假设下认为,由于债务融资具有利息节税效益,企业外部融资应将债务融资放在首位,股权融资为最后的选择。但是,中小型高新技术企业与传统行业的大企业相比,具有风险等级不一致、信息不对称等特殊性质,这使资本结构理论存在的前提条件发生了根本性变化。对称于其成长阶段的信息不对称程度、风险等级,其最优融资策略具有明显的动态性,不同的成长阶段具有不同的最优融资策略,且如果将股权融资放在外部融资的优先位置,债务融资就是其最后的选择。  相似文献