Do no-loan policies change the matriculation patterns of low-income students?     

Glen R. Waddell  Larry D. Singell Jr. 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(2):203-214

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Does food insecurity at home affect non-cognitive performance at school? A longitudinal analysis of elementary student classroom behavior     

Larry L. Howard 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(1):157-176

This paper estimates models of the transitional effects of food insecurity experiences on children's non-cognitive performance in school classrooms using a panel of 4710 elementary students enrolled in 1st, 3rd, and 5th grade (1999-2003). In addition to an extensive set of child and household-level characteristics, we use information on U.S. counties to control for potential confounding effects of the local economic and noneconomic environment on children's household transitions between states of food insecurity and food security. The time horizon of our analysis affords insight into factors underlying children's formation of non-cognitive skills and the efficiency of classroom-based educational production in elementary school. Overall, we find significant negative developmental effects for children with food insecurity at home; and that children experiencing an early transition from food insecurity in 1st grade to food security in 3rd grade have even larger impairments that persist through 5th grade.  相似文献   

Intent-based diversification of web search results: metrics and algorithms     

Olivier Chapelle  Shihao Ji  Ciya Liao  Emre Velipasaoglu  Larry Lai  Su-Lin Wu 《Information Retrieval》2011,14(6):572-592

We study the problem of web search result diversification in the case where intent based relevance scores are available. A diversified search result will hopefully satisfy the information need of user-L.s who may have different intents. In this context, we first analyze the properties of an intent-based metric, ERR-IA, to measure relevance and diversity altogether. We argue that this is a better metric than some previously proposed intent aware metrics and show that it has a better correlation with abandonment rate. We then propose an algorithm to rerank web search results based on optimizing an objective function corresponding to this metric and evaluate it on shopping related queries.  相似文献   

Student learning performance in online collaborative learning     

Ng  Peggy M. L.  Chan  Jason K. Y.  Lit  Kam Kong 《Education and Information Technologies》2022,27(6):8129-8145

Education and Information Technologies - Online collaborative learning (OCL) has received significant attention, but the ultimate goal of adopting OCL is neglected, especially in higher education...  相似文献   

The Home Literacy Environment and Preschool Children's Reading Skills and Interest     

Lay See Yeo  Winston W. Ong  Charis M. Ng 《Early education and development》2014,25(6):791-814

Research Findings: This study explored the association between the home literacy environment (HLE), conceptualized as comprising parents’ reading beliefs and home literacy practices, and preschoolers’ reading skills and reading interest. It also identified factors in the HLE that predict emerging reading competence and motivation to read. A total of 193 children age 6 years from 14 preschools across Singapore and their parents participated in the study. The parents completed a reading belief inventory, a family literacy activity inventory, and a demographic questionnaire that surveyed the child's reading interest. The children were administered a battery of standardized literacy tests. The study found a moderate relationship between the HLE and children's reading competencies and a strong relationship between the HLE and children's reading interest. When parents’ education level and children's age were controlled, hierarchical multiple regression analyses found that family literacy activities contributed more unique variance to children's reading outcomes and reading interest than did parents’ reading beliefs. Active parental involvement was the strongest component of the HLE, with parent–child engagement in reading and writing emerging as the best predictor of both the child's emerging reading skills and reading interest. With respect to reading beliefs, parents’ efficacy in supporting literacy development before their child attended school positively predicted reading competence, as did parents’ affect and verbal participation in fostering reading interest. However, verbal participation negatively predicted Singapore children's reading competence. Practice or Policy: The implications of the results were discussed.  相似文献   

Therapeutic radionuclides in nuclear medicine: current and future prospects     

Chai-Hong Yeong  Mu-hua Cheng  Kwan-Hoong Ng 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(10):845-863

The potential use of radionuclides in therapy has been recognized for many decades. A number of radionuclides, such as iodine-131 (¹³¹I), phosphorous-32 (³²P), strontium-90 (⁹⁰Sr), and yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Y), have been used successfully for the treatment of many benign and malignant disorders. Recently, the rapid growth of this branch of nuclear medicine has been stimulated by the introduction of a number of new radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of metastatic bone pain and neuroendocrine and other malignant or non-malignant tumours. Today, the field of radionuclide therapy is enjoying an exciting phase and is poised for greater growth and development in the coming years. For example, in Asia, the high prevalence of thyroid and liver diseases has prompted many novel developments and clinical trials using targeted radionuclide therapy. This paper reviews the characteristics and clinical applications of the commonly available therapeutic radionuclides, as well as the problems and issues involved in translating novel radionuclides into clinical therapies.  相似文献   

Applications of clustering to information system design     

Larry E. Stanfel 《Information processing & management》1983,19(1):37-50

Given the difficulty of designing and creating information systems of many components and interconnections, it is commonplace to find these tasks accomplished by means of a partition into subsystems. Later the distinct subsystems are made to interface with one another and an overall system is achieved. The purpose of the present paper is to point out the availability of methods for effecting the partition in optimal or approximately optimal ways. Clustering algorithms for the specific case of information systems are obtained and exemplified.  相似文献   

Finding related sentence pairs in MEDLINE     

Smith LH  Wilbur WJ 《Information Retrieval》2010,13(6):601-617

We explore the feasibility of automatically identifying sentences in different MEDLINE abstracts that are related in meaning. We compared traditional vector space models with machine learning methods for detecting relatedness, and found that machine learning was superior. The Huber method, a variant of Support Vector Machines which minimizes the modified Huber loss function, achieves 73% precision when the score cutoff is set high enough to identify about one related sentence per abstract on average. We illustrate how an abstract viewed in PubMed might be modified to present the related sentences found in other abstracts by this automatic procedure.  相似文献   

School‐to‐work transition services for students with disabilities in Malaysia: organisations' views on policy and practices     

Melissa Ng Lee Yen Abdullah  See Ching Mey  Tan Kok Eng  Rosly Othman  Ahmad Fairuz Omar 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2013,13(4):259-271

Transition services are required by law for students with disabilities in many developed countries. In Malaysia, however, there is still no specific legislation mandating that school‐to‐work transition planning and services be provided to students with disabilities. This study investigated the state of the transition services provided by educational organisations to students with disabilities in Malaysia. A mixed method research design, which utilises both quantitative and qualitative research techniques, was employed to obtain information from 23 government organisations and NGOs involved in the education and training of students with disabilities. This study found that the organisations surveyed were aware of the lack of transition support and call attention to the importance of instituting a national policy on school‐to‐work transition services and supported employment systems for students with disabilities. The legislative and educational implications for Malaysia are discussed.  相似文献   

Quality, Evolution, and Positional Change of University Students’ Argumentation Patterns About Organic Agriculture During an Argument–Critique–Argument Experience     

Shu-Mey Yu  Larry D. Yore 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2013,11(5):1233-1254

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality, evolution, and position of university students’ argumentation about organic agriculture over a 4-week argument–critique–argument e-learning experience embedded in a first year university biology course. The participants (N??=??43) were classified into three groups based on their epistemological views. Data collected from individual arguments, group deliberations, and individual critiques were coded and analyzed to establish the quality and evolution of argumentation. Results indicated significant improvement in the quality of their justifications between the first and second arguments. Post-hoc comparison of epistemological groups indicated that the more constructivist-oriented students had a greater significant evolution of their justifications than the more empiricist-oriented students, but there was no significant main effect for epistemological orientation. Qualitative analysis of the intervening critiques indicated that some students incorporated or used other students’ arguments or counter-arguments to change their position or to enhance the justification of their original position on organic agriculture, while others appeared to be locked into a confirmation-bias stance and search for evidence that supported their original position and disregarded contradictory evidence.  相似文献