CFD application to optimise the ventilation strategy of Senate Room at Palazzo Madama in Turin (Italy)     

Stefano Paolo Corgnati  Marco Perino 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(1):62-69

Over the last years, there was an increasing interest in keeping suitable microclimatic conditions for the preservation of artefacts: the artefacts preservation requirements may diverge from those of the museums visitors, willing to enjoy the works of art in a situation of psycho-physical wellness. The HVAC designers and engineers will have then to cooperate closely with the curator, in order to define a compromise between conflicting environmental performance requirements. In particular at the stage of air-conditioning system design or retrofit, it is extremely important to carry out a series of preliminary analysis to evaluate and monitor the existing environmental conditions and to anticipatory simulate and predict the post-intervention conditions. To this aim, advanced fluid-dynamic investigation tools (Computational Fluid Dynamic [CFD] techniques) enable to deal with the specificity of such topics and provide a useful decision-making support.  相似文献   

A structural property of the wavelet packet transform method to localise incoherency of a signal     

Manuel Schimmack  Paolo Mercorelli 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(16):10123-10137

This paper proves a general structural property of the wavelet tree for a given seminorm in the context of the wavelet packet transform method. This structural property can be used in denoising algorithms of different applications to guarantee the optimality of novel search strategies. The property holds for any input signals using any orthogonal analysing wavelet families. The property holds for any norms, which results to be a convex function through the wavelet tree. Using a defined norms, seminorms or pseudonorms, this property can be used to detect incoherent parts of an input signal by using the minimal depth of the tree. In this sense the proposed denoising procedure works without thresholds for the localisation of different kinds of noise, as well as for a stop criterium for an optimal representation of the incoherency. The proof of this property is performed by mathematical induction and the demonstration is based on orthonormality with the help of the multiresolution framework aspects of the wavelets packet tree. The Theorem is independent of the definition of the adopted norm and of the incoherent part of an input signal. In this sense, the discovered property is a general one, which is related to any norm and any nature of the signal incoherence. It can be used in different applications, in which a minimum of a norm is required to be calculated through the wavelet tree.  相似文献   

Analogical reasoning in restructuring scientific knowledge     

Lucia Mason  Paolo Sorzio 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1996,11(1):3-23

This study presents the results of an experiment which investigated analogical reasoning in knowledge acquisition in a natural school setting. The aims were to evaluate the efficiency of analogy in the conceptual restructuring of a science topic and compare the effects of analogy in different learning conditions. Two analogical topics of physics (water flow and heat flow) were studied by means of two experiments performed in the classroom with concrete objects. Eighty-four 5th graders, divided into three experimental conditions (given analogy, constructed analogy, no analogy), took part in the study. The quantitative analysis mainly confirms the hypothesis that analogy can be a productive way to trigger a process of knowledge restructuring while students learn a new topic. However, the effective use of the analogy was affected by the experimental condition: When the analogy was constructed by the learners themselves, instead of being presented and justified by the teacher, it acted indeed as a more powerful tool in understanding the new topic which required changing their initial conceptions. The qualitative analysis shows the children’s explanations of the heat flow phenomenon and different conceptual outcomes of the learning process. Finally, educational implications are considered.  相似文献   

An application of the Udwadia-Kalaba dynamic formulation to flexible multibody systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ettore Pennestrì  Pier Paolo Valentini 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2010,347(1):173-194

For the transient response analysis of a flexible slider-crank mechanism, the coordinate partitioning scheme and the Udwadia-Kalaba formulation are herein compared. The flexibility of the coupler has been modelled by means of a single Timoshenko beam element. The present analytical treatment can be viewed as an extension of the model discussed by Shabana in his textbook.  相似文献   

The economic impact of technological procurement for large-scale research infrastructures: Evidence from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN     

Paolo Castelnovo  Massimo Florio  Stefano Forte  Lucio Rossi  Emanuela Sirtori 《Research Policy》2018,47(9):1853-1867

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the European Organisation for Nuclear Research, is the world’s highest-energy particle accelerator. Its construction (1995–2008) required frontier technologies and close collaboration between CERN scientists and contracting firms. The literature on “Big Science” projects suggests that this collaboration generated economic spillovers, particularly through technological learning. CERN granted us access to its procurement database, including suppliers of LHC from 35 countries for orders over 10,000 Swiss Francs. We gathered balance-sheet data for more than 350 of these companies from 1991 to 2014, which include the years before and after that of the first order received. The study assesses, in quantitative terms, whether becoming a CERN supplier induced greater R&D effort and innovative capacity, thus enhancing productivity and profitability. The findings – which controlled for firms’ observable characteristics, macroeconomic conditions, and unobserved time, country, industry and firm-level fixed effects – indicate a statistically significant correlation between procurement events and company R&D, knowledge creation and economic performance. The correlation is chiefly driven by high-tech orders; for companies receiving non-high-tech orders, it is weaker, or even statistically not significant.  相似文献   

The effects of resistance training volume on osteosarcopenic obesity in older women     

Paolo M. Cunha  Alex S. Ribeiro  Crisieli M. Tomeleri  Brad J. Schoenfeld  Analiza M. Silva  Mariana F. Souza 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(14):1564-1571

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of resistance training (RT) performed with 1 or 3 sets per exercise on osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) syndrome parameters in older women. Sixty-two older women (68.0 ± 4.3 years, 26.8 ± 4.4 kg/m²) participated in a 12-week RT program. Participants were randomly assigned into one of the three groups: two training groups that performed either 1 set (G1S, n = 21) or 3 sets (G3S, n = 20) 3 times weekly, or a control group (CG, n = 21). Body composition was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry, strength was evaluated by 1 repetition maximum testing. The G3S presented significantly higher strength changes than G1S. The changes for percentage of body fat were higher for G3S compared to G1S. There was no difference in skeletal muscle mass between G3S and G1S, however both training groups displayed greater increases in this outcome compared to CG. There was no effect for bone mineral density. The overall analysis indicated higher (P < 0.05) positive changes for G3S than G1S (composed Z-score: G3S = 0.62 ± 0.40; G1S = 0.11 ± 0.48). The results suggest that a 12-week RT period is effective to improve the risk factors of OSO, and that 3 sets induce higher improvements than a single set.  相似文献   

Improvement of cellular health indicators and muscle quality in older women with different resistance training volumes     

Paolo M. Cunha  Crisieli M. Tomeleri  Matheus A. do Nascimento  João Pedro Nunes  Melissa Antunes  Hellen C. G. Nabuco 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(24):2843-2848

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of resistance training (RT) performed with different training volumes on phase angle (PhA), body water components, and muscle quality (MQ) in untrained older adult women. A second purpose was to assess the relationship between PhA and MQ. Sixty-two older adult women (68.6 ± 5.0 years, 65.2 ± 13.3 kg, 156.1 ± 6.2 cm) were randomly assigned into one of the three groups: two training groups performed either 1 set (G1S) or 3 sets (G3S), or a control group (CG). Body water components and PhA were estimated by bioelectrical impedance (BIA). MQ was determined by dividing skeletal muscle mass estimated by dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) by total muscle strength from three exercises. After the intervention period, both training groups demonstrated improvements (P < 0.05) when compared with CON for intracellular water, total body water, PhA, and MQ. These results suggest that RT can improve PhA, body water components, and MQ after 12 weeks of RT in untrained older women, regardless of training volume. Furthermore, changes in MQ were positively correlated with changes in PhA (r = 0.60, P < 0.01).  相似文献   

The social-cognitive mechanisms regulating adolescents' use of doping substances     

Fabio Lucidi  Arnaldo Zelli  Luca Mallia  Caterina Grano  Paolo M. Russo  Cristiano Violani 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):447-456

Abstract

In this study, we assessed the longitudinal effects of social-cognitive mechanisms on the self-reported use of doping substances and supplements among Italian high school students. In total, 1232 students completed questionnaires measuring various psychological factors hypothesized to influence students' intention to use substances. Three months later, 762 of the students completed the same questionnaires a second time and also reported their use of substances during the time between assessments. Overall, the percentages of students using doping substances (2.1%) or supplements (14.4%) were consistent with values reported in the literature. Analysis of the data showed that adolescents' intention to use doping substances increased with stronger attitudes about doping, stronger beliefs that significant others would approve of their use, a stronger conviction that doping use can be justified, and a lowered capacity to resist situational pressure or personal desires. In turn, stronger intentions and moral disengagement contributed to a greater use of doping substances during the previous 3 months. Doping use was also correlated significantly to supplementation. In conclusion, our results provide novel information about some of the psychological processes possibly regulating adolescents' use of doping substances and supplements. The results also highlight possible areas for future study and intervention, focusing on the prevention of adolescents' substance use.  相似文献   

The importance of transference and countertransference in Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy     

Pompili M  Mancinelli I  Girardi P  Ruberto A  Tatarelli R 《Child abuse & neglect》2003,27(4):353-355

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Argumentative abilities in metacognition and in metalinguistics: a study on university students     

Maria Antonietta Pinto  Paolo Iliceto  Sergio Melogno 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2012,27(1):35-58

The article presents a study on metalinguistic, cognitive and metacognitive abilities in university students. A sample of 353 students was recruited; 178 of which from scientific and 175 from humanistic Faculties, with gender balance (M = 178; F = 175) whose age range was between 20 and 25 years old. They were administered a metalinguistic ability test that assesses metalinguistic awareness at implicit and explicit levels (L and ML scores) and the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices 38 (SPM38). In addition to the usual nonverbal administration of the matrices, candidates were asked to justify in written form the reasons for the solution indicated in each item. Three scores were considered for the SPM38: the ordinary score based on the number of correct nonverbal solutions (O.S.), a 7-point scale for assessing the argumentation of the correct solutions (C.ARG.S.) and a 6-point scale for assessing the argumentation of the incorrect solutions (I.ARG.S.). Significant gender and curriculum effects were found, with males and scientific students dominating at the nonverbal level while females and humanistic students dominated in the argumentative abilities related to the matrices and in all the scores of the metalinguistic test. A number of significant correlations were found between all the metalinguistic, cognitive and metacognitive abilities considered, with a prominent role of the metalinguistic abilities at the explicit level (ML score) that show a clear argumentative structure very similar to the C.ARG.S. argumentations in the matrices test.  相似文献