Influence of Process Parameters on Chlorinated Biocide Decontamination by li-CO2 on Artificially Contaminated Model Materials     

Tiziana Lombardo  Marie Wörle  Vera Hubert  Erwin Hildbrand  Christina Hinterleitner  Ingo Mayer 《文物保护研究》2020,65(2):65-76

ABSTRACT

Previously, heavy use of biocides for the treatment of objects made of organic materials in museum collections (e.g. ethnographic, historical collections) was very common. Now suitable decontamination methods/technologies are being sought. A decontamination treatment by li-CO₂ was optimized that considered the specific requirements of museum objects. The treatment was tested on model materials artificially contaminated with biocide solutions containing dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), pentachlorophenol (PCP), lindane, and permethrin or cypermethrin. High decontamination was achieved for DDT, lindane, PCP, and permethrin on artificially biocide loaded wool and wood model materials. Optimal process parameter settings for li-CO₂ decontamination include a single 30?min cycle for woolen materials and three sequential 30?min cycles each for wood. These methods allow a reduction of at least 90% of all biocides for wool and between 70% and 85% for wood. Decontamination of the latter was more effective for less polar biocides as DDT and permethrin. Despite a significant improvement in decontamination for wood using co-solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), their use is not recommended due to the increased risk of damage to the objects, in particular if a surface coating is present.  相似文献   

Exposure to Media Violence and Young Children with and Without Disabilities: Powerful Opportunities for Family-Professional Partnerships     

Elizabeth J. Erwin  Naomi Morton 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,36(2):105-112

There is growing concern regarding the amount and type of violence that young children are exposed to on a daily basis. Through media, popular toys and video games violent images are consistently present in children’s lives starting at a very young age. This paper discusses (a) the growing presence of young children’s exposure to media violence, (b) the influence of media violence on early childhood development and well-being, (c) the impact of media violence on young children with disabilities, and (d) recommendations for addressing this national dilemma within the context of family-professional partnerships. A list of related web resources is also included.  相似文献   

Students' contribution to their college costs and intellectual development     

T. Dary Erwin 《Research in higher education》1986,25(2):194-203

This study examines the relationship between college students' development in maturity and intellectual development with their degree of fiscal responsibility for their expenses during college. Two hundred seventy-six seniors or 64% of a sample of 431 freshmen were retested with the Perceived Self Questionnaire (PSQ) or the Scale of Intellectual Development (SID). Controlling for freshmen's PSQ or SID levels, seniors who financed at least 75% of their college education were less dualistic or rigid in their thinking, were more committed to their life's goals, had a firmer sense of direction and stability, and had a greater ability at expressing their values and thoughts than seniors who did not contribute toward their college expenses.  相似文献   

Linking assessment to student development goals     

T. Dary Erwin 《Assessment Update》1991,3(3):11-12

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Reconstruction of a Collaborative Mathematical Learning Process     

Monique Pijls  Rijkje Dekker  Bernadette Van Hout-Wolters 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2007,65(3):309-329

The study focused on the interaction between two secondary school students while they were working on computerized mathematical investigation tasks related to probability theory. The aim was to establish how such interaction helped the students to learn from one another, and how it may have hindered their learning process. The assumption was that interaction is beneficial for students if they can perform certain key activities, namely showing, explaining, justifying, and reconstructing their work. Both students attained mathematical level raising. However, the student who explained frequently and criticized himself attained more mathematical level raising than the student who did not explain her work frequently or criticize herself.  相似文献   

Profiles of educators     

Erwin Pollack 《Prospects》1991,21(3):467-476

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Creating Supports for Young Children with Disabilities in Natural Environments     

Elizabeth J. Erwin  Robin Schreiber 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1999,26(3):167-171

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A Process Model for Interaction and Mathematical Level Raising   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Rijkje Dekker  Marianne Elshout-Mohr 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1998,35(3):303-314

In this article we present a process model we have developed for interaction and mathematical level raising. In the process model the focus is on the individual learning process. The model is based on our own research experience and our common interest in individual learning processes. We relate it to other research. The model is meant to show how level raising can be realised by letting students work in small groups on a mathematical problem.  相似文献   

The fundamental idea of wave mechanics     

Erwin Schrödinger 《Resonance》1999,4(2):92-103

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Use of Criminal Background Checks in Counselor Education     

Wesley J. Erwin  Maria Enerson Toomey 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2005,44(4):305-318

To conduct an initial investigation into the use of criminal background checks and related issues in counselor education programs, surveys were sent to the contacts from 50 programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2001). The results of this pilot study highlight the need for more research, discussion, and discourse about the benefits and disadvantages of using criminal background checks.  相似文献