Influence of Process Parameters on Chlorinated Biocide Decontamination by li-CO2 on Artificially Contaminated Model Materials     

Tiziana Lombardo  Marie Wörle  Vera Hubert  Erwin Hildbrand  Christina Hinterleitner  Ingo Mayer 《文物保护研究》2020,65(2):65-76

ABSTRACT

Previously, heavy use of biocides for the treatment of objects made of organic materials in museum collections (e.g. ethnographic, historical collections) was very common. Now suitable decontamination methods/technologies are being sought. A decontamination treatment by li-CO₂ was optimized that considered the specific requirements of museum objects. The treatment was tested on model materials artificially contaminated with biocide solutions containing dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), pentachlorophenol (PCP), lindane, and permethrin or cypermethrin. High decontamination was achieved for DDT, lindane, PCP, and permethrin on artificially biocide loaded wool and wood model materials. Optimal process parameter settings for li-CO₂ decontamination include a single 30?min cycle for woolen materials and three sequential 30?min cycles each for wood. These methods allow a reduction of at least 90% of all biocides for wool and between 70% and 85% for wood. Decontamination of the latter was more effective for less polar biocides as DDT and permethrin. Despite a significant improvement in decontamination for wood using co-solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), their use is not recommended due to the increased risk of damage to the objects, in particular if a surface coating is present.  相似文献   

Two approaches to study the value of art and culture,and the emergence of a third     

Erwin Dekker 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2015,39(4):309-326

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Gendered perspectives: A focus-group study of how undergraduate women negotiate their career aspirations     

Lorna Erwin 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2013,26(2):207-220

This paper presents results from a study of the career decision making of undergraduate women. Drawing on focus-group interviews with women (N 85) in their first year of full-time study at a large Canadian university, the discussion focuses on how ideas about balancing family and career commitments and interpretations of the university environment influence career choices. Two important observations are supported by the data. The first is that the educational and career options of female undergraduates are still constrained by traditional conceptions of women's responsibilities for household management and child rearing- elements of domestic ideology that they often find difficult to acknowledge. Second, women continue to encounter the university as a gendered site of learning; they are confronted by an informal culture that both marginalizes them and reinforces their perceptions that seeking vocational equality entails high risks.  相似文献   

Virology Experts in the Boundary Zone Between Science,Policy and the Public: A Biographical Analysis     

Erwin van Rijswoud 《Minerva》2010,48(2):145-167

This article aims to open up the biographical black box of three experts working in the boundary zone between science, policy and public debate. A biographical-narrative approach is used to analyse the roles played by the virologists Albert Osterhaus, Roel Coutinho and Jaap Goudsmit in policy and public debate. These figures were among the few leading virologists visibly active in the Netherlands during the revival of infectious diseases in the 1980s. Osterhaus and Coutinho in particular are still the key figures today, as demonstrated during the outbreak of novel influenza A (H1N1). This article studies the various political and communicative challenges and dilemmas encountered by these three virologists, and discusses the way in which, strategically or not, they handled those challenges and dilemmas during the various stages of the field’s recent history. Important in this respect is their pursuit of a public role that is both effective and credible. We will conclude with a reflection on the H1N1 pandemic, and the historical and biographical ties between emerging governance arrangements and the experts involved in the development of such arrangements.  相似文献   

Linking assessment to student development goals     

T. Dary Erwin 《Assessment Update》1991,3(3):11-12

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Profiles of educators     

Erwin Pollack 《Prospects》1991,21(3):467-476

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Use of Criminal Background Checks in Counselor Education     

Wesley J. Erwin  Maria Enerson Toomey 《Counselor Education & Supervision》2005,44(4):305-318

To conduct an initial investigation into the use of criminal background checks and related issues in counselor education programs, surveys were sent to the contacts from 50 programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2001). The results of this pilot study highlight the need for more research, discussion, and discourse about the benefits and disadvantages of using criminal background checks.  相似文献   

Students' contribution to their college costs and intellectual development     

T. Dary Erwin 《Research in higher education》1986,25(2):194-203

This study examines the relationship between college students' development in maturity and intellectual development with their degree of fiscal responsibility for their expenses during college. Two hundred seventy-six seniors or 64% of a sample of 431 freshmen were retested with the Perceived Self Questionnaire (PSQ) or the Scale of Intellectual Development (SID). Controlling for freshmen's PSQ or SID levels, seniors who financed at least 75% of their college education were less dualistic or rigid in their thinking, were more committed to their life's goals, had a firmer sense of direction and stability, and had a greater ability at expressing their values and thoughts than seniors who did not contribute toward their college expenses.  相似文献   

Exposure to Media Violence and Young Children with and Without Disabilities: Powerful Opportunities for Family-Professional Partnerships     

Elizabeth J. Erwin  Naomi Morton 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,36(2):105-112

There is growing concern regarding the amount and type of violence that young children are exposed to on a daily basis. Through media, popular toys and video games violent images are consistently present in children’s lives starting at a very young age. This paper discusses (a) the growing presence of young children’s exposure to media violence, (b) the influence of media violence on early childhood development and well-being, (c) the impact of media violence on young children with disabilities, and (d) recommendations for addressing this national dilemma within the context of family-professional partnerships. A list of related web resources is also included.  相似文献   

Educational administration: future directions     

Erwin Miklos 《Prospects》1977,7(1):96-103

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