国际工程技术专业人才认证及启示     

王秋惠  冯志友  王家庭 《高等工程教育研究》2018,(1):111-117,130

目前,工程技术人才国际化认证已成为很多国家人才战略规划的重要组成部分。如何根据国情选择性实施工程技术人才的国际认证体系,对于推进我国工程强国战略有重要的意义。课题研究对工程技术人才国际认证体系及英美德日四个工程强国认证状况进行了系统梳理,深入分析国际工程联盟IEA旗下的国际工程师认证IPEA、国际工程技师认证IETA、亚太工程师认证APEC、国际工程技术认证AIET四大工程技术专业人才认证体系及欧洲工程师认证体系EUR-ING的建立背景、认证程序及认证规范。同时,对美国、欧洲、英国、德国、日本及俄罗斯工程技术专业人才国际认证状况进行了深入调查。从比较的视角,对我国工程专业技术人才国际化认证中面对的挑战和机遇进行剖析,提出我国工程技术专业人才国际认证分步实施的思路及发展蓝图:在执行高等工程教育国际认证华盛顿协议、悉尼协议及都柏林协议的基础上,开展IEA旗下IPEA、IETA和AIET三个工程技术人才的国际化认证。首先从世界一流目标高校及国有大中型企业开始进行国际认证,其次,进一步开启我国地方特色院校及特色产业国际工程技术人才认证。  相似文献   

麻省理工学院新工程教育改革的形成、内容及内在逻辑     

肖凤翔  覃丽君 《高等工程教育研究》2018,(2):45-51

麻省理工学院进行的三次工程教育改革举世瞩目。2017年8月,该校启动了新一轮工程教育改革,其宗旨是培养能够引领未来产业发展的领导型工科人才,改革的内容涵盖工程教育的出发点、重心、教学方式和发展方向,体现出多重逻辑:从现实到未来的取向,从学科和心理的分离到整合,从学科隔离到跨学科合作,从工程实践的回归到工程教育育人本质的回归等。虽然此次改革仍存在质量保障及认证等方面的问题,但大胆创新的麻省理工精神却再次引发各国关注。该校能否以此改革契机,开启第四次工程教育改革新时代,引领世界高等工程教育发展的新方向,成了举世关注的焦点。  相似文献   

哈佛大学工学院发展战略及其对新工科建设的启示     

原帅  贺飞 《高等工程教育研究》2018,(2):67-70,89

哈佛大学自2007年重建工程与应用科学学院以来,采取了与传统工程学科大相径庭的发展路径,以解决人类面临重大挑战的前沿科学为重点发展方向,以机制保障为学科交叉融合提供土壤,以空间优化调整助力研究、孵化、成果转化一体化发展,取得了显著成绩。哈佛大学工学院发展路径正体现了新工科建设思路,对我国高校加快建设发展新工科,推动学科深度交叉融合,优化调整空间布局,服务科研创新、成果转化等具有重要启示。  相似文献   

基于知识转化的工程人才创新能力提升研究——以一门综合创新实验课程的教学为例     

梅景瑶  吕正则  朱凌 《高等工程教育研究》2018,(1):159-164

随着技术系统、生产过程以及产品系统复杂性的增长,创新活动要求不同知识与技术的整合,工程人才的系统创新能力是应对创新复杂性增长的有效途径。本文从知识转化的研究视角出发,发现工程人才能力的提升可以通过结构化的知识获取和转化路径来实现,逐步建构起整合性的多维度创新能力。文章亦提出在高校或企业的工程师培养过程中,可以通过提供多元知识环境、设计知识获取的组合结构,保护工程人才的创新灵感,从而建构有效实现知识获取和转化的系统运转机制,达成工程师自我成长的机制。  相似文献   

从应用理科到“新工科”     

王义遒 《高等工程教育研究》2018,(2):5-14

当前高等教育"新工科"建设的讨论中,从"应用理科"延伸出"新工科"被认为是一种可行的方案。本文分析了"理科"和"工科"的关系和区别,并从此角度探讨了由上述方案可能引出的问题及其解决途径。文章指出,从"应用理科"衍生出来的"新工科"在教育教学上必须增加新的工科要素或"基因";其中特别强调了由"创造人所需的有用物"的"工程"定义及其"多源"的综合性质所引发的"设计"与"融合"在教学上的重要性。笔者阐述了北大早年尝试建设新工科的经验教训并对此加以了说明。结合新经济所要求的"四新",文章分析了"融合"在"新产业"中的作用,据此提出了在建设新工科的课程体系中贯彻"融合"的一些原则建议。同时,文章还阐述了实践对新工科教育的重要性,并就"学产研"结合之途做了多方探讨。  相似文献   

基于“4I”的工程人才培养模式改革     

王迎军  李正  项聪 《高等工程教育研究》2018,(2):15-19,29

高等工程教育正面临着来自外部和内部的双重挑战,大学需要从学科、产业、社会、人才成长等四个维度重构以学生为中心的工程学习共同体。华南理工大学以高端工程科技人才培养为目标,以"4I"(交叉复合、产学研合作、国际化教学、深度工程学习)为路径,推进工程人才培养模式改革,取得了显著成效。  相似文献   

Evaluation and Optimization of Matting and Framing Methods and Choice of Materials for the Temporary Display and Transit of Photographs and Works on Paper Using a Design of Experiments Approach     

Ana Martins  Lee Ann Daffner 《文物保护研究》2018,63(5):397-399

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Turning a Service Learning Experience into a Model of Student Engagement: The Lighthouse Heritage Research Connections (LHRC) Project in Hong Kong     

Steve H. Ching 《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2018,44(2):196-206

The digital shift has provided easy access to academic library users, and yet, the usage of archival collections continues to be low. At the same time, the need for innovation in library services for cultural heritage scholarship and its advancement is emerging. This paper outlines a library-led service-learning program that connects students with lighthouse artifacts, archival collections, scholars in global academia, and wider communities. Student engagement cases are provided to illustrate the way in which the librarian utilizes the Framework of Information Literacy for Higher Education by ACRL to work closely with students. These cases also demonstrate how students can contribute to knowledge creation and preservation efforts for a specific cultural heritage topic that is not static, but which keeps receiving new contributions or additions to the depository. Thus, this paper is an answer to the ACRL's call for pilot projects to be assessed and shared with the wider community of academic librarians and support staff. It also builds on emerging roles for academic libraries like engaged learning. Librarians must move beyond simply seeing themselves as partners. Instead, librarians should see themselves as prime facilitators that co-create and co-develop cultural heritage research and historical projects by connecting actors and resources more effectively than any single actor can do alone.  相似文献   

Alexa,Siri, Cortana,and More: An Introduction to Voice Assistants     

Matthew B. Hoy 《Medical reference services quarterly》2018,37(1):81-88

Voice assistants are software agents that can interpret human speech and respond via synthesized voices. Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, and Google’s Assistant are the most popular voice assistants and are embedded in smartphones or dedicated home speakers. Users can ask their assistants questions, control home automation devices and media playback via voice, and manage other basic tasks such as email, to-do lists, and calendars with verbal commands. This column will explore the basic workings and common features of today’s voice assistants. It will also discuss some of the privacy and security issues inherent to voice assistants and some potential future uses for these devices. As voice assistants become more widely used, librarians will want to be familiar with their operation and perhaps consider them as a means to deliver library services and materials.  相似文献   

The Effect of Web Search Result Display on Users’ Perceptual Experience and Information Seeking Performance     

Hosam Al-Samarraie  Ahmed Isam Al-Hatem 《The Reference Librarian》2018,59(1):10-18

ABSTRACT

Adding multiple sources of information in the display of Web search results may negatively affect users’ perceptual experience and information-seeking behavior. This claim was established by investigating the impact of different Web search compositions on users’ ability to extract specific information. In this article, we assumed that the quantity and order of different compositions (areas) in the Web search results page may contribute to individual’s ability to find information relevant to their search queries. An eye-tracking device was used to observe and compare the perceptual behavior of 14 users in an information-seeking task. The results showed that the use of different compositions in the display of Web results page significantly influenced users’ perceptual experience by reducing their attention to the organic results area. The quantity of these compositions was found to greatly increase the cognitive load of users when attempting to retrieve information from the organic area, which negatively affects their information-seeking performance. Our finding provides a rationale for further studies to consider the impact of quantity and order of Web page compositions on individuals’ perceptual attention and cognitive load in information-seeking task settings.  相似文献