Keeping things different: coexistence within European markets for cleantech and biofuels     

Liliana Doganova  Brice Laurent 《Journal of Cultural Economy》2016,9(2):141-156

Environmental policy increasingly resorts to market-based instruments in order to meet sustainability objectives. The ‘carbon market’ instituted by the European Emissions Trading directive from 2003 is a canonical example, which has been described, and critiqued, as a delegation of policy objectives to market exchanges. In this paper, we examine the complex ways in which the operationalization of policy objectives and the organization of markets are intertwined, focusing on two other examples of European environmental regulation. The first one is the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control directive from 1996, which defined the ‘best available techniques’ to curb emissions in air, water and soil. The second one is the Renewable Energy Directive from 2009, which introduced criteria for the definition of the sustainability of biofuels. Through the analysis of the design and implementation of these two directives, we identify a central concern for the coexistence of various objects, and various initiatives undertaken by European institutions, member states and private actors. We use the notion of coexistence to describe a European political and economic ordering that is inherently hybrid, and cannot be reduced to a mere delegation of policy objectives to the market, or a legal constraint imposed on all European actors. It grounds its political legitimacy and economic rationality on the distribution of roles and responsibilities across public and private actors, and on the ability to ‘keep things different’ according to local variabilities.  相似文献   

博物馆中面向图像需求表达的标签分类研究     

邓三鸿  刘齐进  夏立新 《图书情报工作》2016,60(2):14-21

[目的/意义]为缩小博物馆图像检索中的语义鸿沟现象,探究社会标签及其分类机制在博物馆资源组织中的应用价值,以期进一步推进文化遗产在博物馆中的虚拟展示并提高其资源访问率。[方法/过程]将现有的图像需求表达分类框架进行扩展,构建社会标签分类模型,搭建社会标签分类平台,研究标签分布与用户语言表达规律。[结果/结论]研究表明:用户更偏好描述图像的主题内容而非其外部特征,更习惯使用通用类型的语词来表达图像主题内容,更倾向于描述人或物的相关内容。  相似文献   

说话者指称第三者时的视点选择研究     

肖灵 《江西教育学院学报》2004,25(5):63-65

说话者指称第三者时有三个视点可供选择,即第一人称视点、第二人称视点和第三人称视点。通过研究具体言语行为中指称第三者时人称视点的选择情况,我们发现,视点的选择主要受到三条语用原则的支配：亲疏原则、地位原则和目的性原则。  相似文献   

审美主体的发展对艺术叙事模式的影响     

王丽娜 《涪陵师范学院学报》2006,22(4):158-160

叙事是人类述说世界最重要的手段,随着时代的变迁、审美主体的进化、艺术观念的演进,叙事的模式也会随之发生变化。每当人类进入一新的阶段,占统治地位的叙事模式也会随之改变,并且各种叙事模式以其各自的特点反映着审美主体的发展、演变情况。  相似文献   

Do karate fighters use situational probability information to improve decision-making performance during on-mat tasks?     

Nicolas Milazzo  Damian Farrow  Alexis Ruffault  Jean F. Fournier 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(16):1547-1556

This study examined the contribution of situational probability information to the perceptual and cognitive processes underlying decision-making behaviour during in situ Karate performance. Experts and novices were required to make decisions about various attacks in different fight scenarios. The order in which the fight situations were presented was modified in order to provide advanced probability information and identify whether fighters were able to use the latter information to make better decisions. Specifically, one of the attacks was repeated every four actions. Results revealed that experts were more accurate and faster than their less skilled counterparts to block and counterattack the opponent. The experts picked up the occurrence of the attack pattern after the fifth repetition whereas novices did not. This enabled experts to improve decision time and decision accuracy. Findings suggest that such superiority could stem from the perceptual and cognitive skills possessed by the experts, thus giving them the opportunity to recognise a situation more easily. This was reinforced by gaze behaviour which demonstrated that experts used a more efficient search strategy involving fewer fixations of longer duration on a lesser number of areas relative to the novices. Moreover, experts generated more refined karate-specific knowledge structures compared with the novices.  相似文献   

乒乓球赛场的视觉变革          下载免费PDF全文

胡海涛  李荣芝 《体育科研》2016,(4):67-70

作为乒乓球运动的核心,乒乓球赛场一直是乒乓球视觉展示的焦点。本文从体育场地视觉角度论及了乒乓球场地变革的主要内容及其衍变、发展的历史过程。通过深入分析借鉴视觉革命在体育比赛的特殊作用及运用,探讨了乒乓球运动传播的困境及乒乓球视觉转向的科技动因,并从微观视角就我国乒乓球器材生产商红双喜公司近10年来乒乓球场地器材的变革为例,对乒乓球场地的视觉革命与乒乓球运动的传播的互动关系进行了多角度透析,理顺二者互为动因的关系,提出了未来乒乓球运动场地的视觉变革方向。  相似文献   

虚拟制造技术及其在制造业中的应用     

阎洪波  赵冬晗 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2006,10(2):58-61

从虚拟制造的形成背景,介绍了虚拟制造的特点、分类;并对虚拟制造的核心技术及理论体系等多方面进行详细阐述。最后就虚拟制造的应用和虚拟制造技术的发展潜力和国内外现状进行系统介绍。  相似文献   

How children's creative visual imagination and creative thinking relate to their representation of space     

Dorota M. Jankowska  Aleksandra Gajda  Maciej Karwowski 《International Journal of Science Education》2019,41(8):1096-1117

This article explores how creative visual imagination and creative thinking can help children to construct mental models of space. A mixed-method study, integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches and involving 98 five-year-old children (54 girls and 44 boys) demonstrated that creative visual imagination, rather than creative thinking, is linked with the knowledge and understanding of space. These results support the notion that creative visual imagination contributes to improvements in children's understanding of basic astronomical concepts. Interestingly, creative thinking was not associated with understanding and knowledge of cosmic phenomena in models taking into account creative imagination. The qualitative analysis showed differences in children's representations of space. We discuss the consequences of these findings for science education, particularly the teaching of elementary astronomy.  相似文献   

Pedagogical and technological augmentation of mobile learning for young children interactive learning environments     

Yanghee Kim  Diantha Smith 《Interactive Learning Environments》2017,25(1):4-16

The ubiquity and educational potential of mobile applications are well acknowledged. This paper proposes six theory-based, pedagogical strategies to guide interaction design of mobile apps for young children. Also, to augment the capabilities of mobile devices, we used a humanoid robot integrated with a smartphone and developed an English-learning app that applied the design strategies to this environment. Our observations of children's one-on-one use support the promise of the strategies and the combined use of robots and mobile devices to be a viable option to help optimize mobile learning.  相似文献   

现代壁挂在室内环境中的美学意义     

陈亚峰 《巢湖学院学报》2003,5(1):93-94,102

现代壁挂的起源与发展以及独特的编织艺术形式，给现代人带来了精神和物质享受，同时也表现了现代壁挂在特定环境中的美学意义。  相似文献