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31.
Sculptures of athletes that immortalize heroic feats have long been part of the sporting world. More recently, statues of sports fans have appeared, particularly at baseball stadiums across North America. Whilst athlete statues usually represent specific subjects, fan statues typically depict anonymous figures, giving commissioners and sculptors broader license to incorporate particular ideals. This paper investigates how the fan statuary's form reflects commissioners' motivations, values, and views of fandom, and whether fan statues promote a preferred (but often imaginary) narrative regarding the fan experience. A tripartite fan statue design typology is proposed: hero worship, family experiences, and the crowd. By examining an example of each type, with context provided by a unique database of baseball statuary, the fan statuary's predominant themes and tensions are illustrated. Fan statues are concentrated at Minor League ballparks, and all feature children. The majority are alloys of both real and imagined components of the idealized fan experience of the baseball organization's ‘ideal fan’, projecting inclusive, family-friendly, and timeless game day experiences, and evoking nostalgia for childhood. Crowd-type statues offer a more free-spirited and spontaneous aesthetic, with the crowd creating and becoming part of the spectacle – a reality that sports organizations may be less comfortable with. 相似文献
32.
运用金泰尔二维分类法模式分析棒球运动的技能结构特征认为,棒球运动的环境背景是运动的,环境背景维度存在变化,动作功能表现为身体移动,动作功能维度具有操作性。以这四个方面为切入点,对棒球专项技术进行分析,提出相应的训练策略,为提高棒球专项技能训练提供理论参考。 相似文献
33.
蒋燕 《广州体育学院学报》2014,(3):26-29
通过对美国职业棒球契约规范层级结构的分析,对职业棒球选秀制度、自由球员制度、自由经纪人制度、仲裁制度等契约规范变迁的探讨,旨在为我国未来职业棒球运动的发展提供理论借鉴。 相似文献
34.
借助三维录像系统,对我国5支棒球队中6名优秀投手进行比赛现场测试,运用运动生物力学原理与方法,对我国优秀棒球投手的投掷臂在投球过程中进行投球技术动作的测试与分析,试图揭示这一技术的运动学特征,并对受试者动作技术的合理性作出诊断与评价。 相似文献
35.
杨至刚 《山东体育学院学报》2011,27(8):77-81
棒球运动是智慧与竞技的运动,是时间与距离的运动,具有很强的欣赏性和刺激性。棒球运动项目的一般特征包括:竞赛特征、技术特征、战术特征、文化特征、价值特征。通过对棒球运动项目一般特征的重新认识、概括与分析,旨在为更好地认识棒球的专项特征以及更好地开展和认识棒球运动提供理论参考依据。 相似文献
36.
中国职业棒球产业化经营的可行性分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本运用献资料和专家访谈等研究方法，对中国棒球运动发展的现状进行分析，指出中国职业棒球已进入了起步阶段，并且中国职业棒球走产业化道路是我国竞技体育改革与发展的必然趋势，提出发展中国职业棒球的对策。 相似文献
37.
目前我国高校棒球运动进入历史最好的发展机遇;尤其是教育部近期批准部分高校建立高水平棒球队以及中国大学生棒垒球训练基地的建立,对推动我国高校棒球事业发展起到积极作用。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法对中国大学生棒球运动发展的现状进行调查和分析,提出相应的发展对策,为我国大学生棒球运动的发展提供有益的借鉴。 相似文献
38.
NORIYUKI TABUCHI TOMOYUKI MATSUO KEN HASHIZUME 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):17-30
The aims of this study were to examine whether batters hit stationary balls at the time of peak speed of the bat head and whether the impact occurs at the lowest point of the bat trajectory. Eight university baseball players hit three balls, each hung with a string; each ball was made of a different material and was different in weight. Bat movement was captured by four 240-Hz infrared cameras and analysed three-dimensionally. Time for peak speed of the bat head varied according to the conditions. When stationary balls of standard weight were used, the bat head was at maximum speed at impact with the ball; then, it decelerated drastically owing to the impact. In contrast, maximum speed was obtained after impact when lightweight stationary balls were used. The time–speed profile of the bat head before impact in the lightweight ball condition was identical with that in the standard weight ball condition. Regardless of conditions, the timing of the lowest point of the bat head was nearly identical for each batter and most participants hit the stationary balls at about the lowest point of the bat trajectory 相似文献
39.
Mark McDowell 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):185-194
There is currently much debate about the safety of the sport of softball. Batted‐ball speed and average pitcher reaction time are factors often used to determine safe performance. Batted‐ball speed is shown to be the most important factor to consider when determining safe play. Average pitcher reaction time is explained and directly correlated to batted‐ball speed. Eleven aluminum multi‐wall, three aluminum single‐wall and two composite softball bats were tested with mid‐compression polyurethane softballs averaging 1721 ±62 N/6.4 mm to represent the relative bat‐ball performance for the sport of slow‐pitch softball. Nine men and six women were chosen for this study out of a test group of over three hundred slowpitch softball players. On average, aluminum bat performance results were within the recommended safety limits established by the national softball associations. However, when composite bats were used, their performance results exceeded the recommended safety limits which can pose a significant safety risk. Using aluminum softball bats, batted‐ball speeds ranged from 80 to 145 km.h‐1. Using composite softball bats, batted‐ball speeds ranged from 146 to 161 km.h‐1. The scientific relevance of this study is to provide performance information that can lead to injury prevention in the sport of softball. 相似文献
40.
张洁 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2012,(4):106-107
语言是交际中的重要工具。外交中,语言的使用,话语的选择直接影响到国家形象和利益。外交发言人们首先要用认知工具理解说话人的话语含义,然后结合语境做出相应的回答或回应。本文欲从认知语用学关联理论的角度分析我国外交发言人对提问者做出的回答,认为外交对话策略可以建立在解构性对话的棒球模型之上。 相似文献