ANP基因多态性对AMS发生及低氧习服效果的影响     

周文婷  胡扬  徐飞 《北京体育大学学报》2010,(12)

目的:研究ANP基因多态性对急性高山病(AMS)发生及低氧习服效果的影响。方法:Phase 1:模拟海拔4 800 m低氧环境中,61名北方汉族大学生急性暴露6 h,入舱30 min后以恒定负荷蹬车20min。Phase 2:恢复1周后,48名受试者进行3周渐进式低氧运动。恢复1周,重复Phase 1。PCR-RFLP法解析C-664G及T2238C位点基因型。结果:低氧运动后,62.5%的受试者低氧耐受力增强,AMS发生率由49.2%降至18.7%。C-664G和T2238C位点不同基因型和等位基因携带者的AMS发生率和AMS评分变化趋势不显著。结论:IAE辅以运动对AMS发生及低氧习服效果显著,ANP基因多态性与此无关。  相似文献   

心率变异性指标在体育研究领域中的应用（综述）     

宋淑华  刘坚  高春刚 《山西师大体育学院学报》2010,25(5):125-128

心率变异性（HRV）是逐次心跳RR间期不断波动的现象,是近年来比较受关注的无创、稳定、准确且易行的心电监测指标之一。对HRV信号的提取分析可以定量评估心交感神经和迷走神经的均衡性。近年来HRV指标在竞技体育和全民健身领域中得到了广泛的关注和应用,在此对近年来HRV在体育研究领域中的现状进行综述。  相似文献   

Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia induced by voluntary hypoventilation improves running repeated-sprint ability in rugby players     

Charly Fornasier-Santos  Grégoire P. Millet 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(4):504-512

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the effects of repeated-sprint training in hypoxia induced by voluntary hypoventilation at low lung volume (VHL) on running repeated-sprint ability (RSA) in team-sport players.

Methods: Twenty-one highly trained rugby players performed, over a 4-week period, seven sessions of repeated 40-m sprints either with VHL (RSH-VHL, n?=?11) or with normal breathing (RSN, n?=?10). Before (Pre-) and after training (Post-), performance was assessed with an RSA test (40-m all-out sprints with a departure every 30?s) until task failure (85% of the reference velocity assessed in an isolated sprint).

Results: The number of sprints completed during the RSA test was significantly increased after the training period in RSH-VHL (9.1?±?2.8 vs. 14.9?±?5.3; +64%; p?p?=?.74). Maximal velocity was not different between Pre- and Post- in both groups whereas the mean velocity decreased in RSN and remained unchanged in RSH-VHL. The mean SpO₂ recorded over an entire training session was lower in RSH-VHL than in RSN (90.1?±?1.4 vs. 95.5?±?0.5%, p?Conclusion: RSH-VHL appears to be an effective strategy to produce a hypoxic stress and to improve running RSA in team-sport players.  相似文献   

传统高原训练、HiLo训练及间歇性低氧训练之理论比较刍议   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏高峡  徐刚 《沈阳体育学院学报》2004,23(4):469-470

传统高原训练、HiLo训练及间歇性低氧训练是三种比较热门的训练手段,每种训练手段都为国内外教练员所广泛采用。本文从历史角度、训练方式、负荷以及其运动生理学基础几个层面对这三种方法进行了理论分析和比较,以期为为广大体育科研工作者和教练员进行深入研究和制定训练计划提供一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

低氧耐力训练加丹参液对提高运动能力的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

代毅 《成都体育学院学报》1996,22(3):81-85

低氧耐力训练加丹参液二者的功效相助，可改善自由基代谢，减少自由基生成，维持膜内外离子浓度正常的动态平衡，从而使细胞的生理功能得以正常进行，保证运动时的能量供应，提高运动能力。  相似文献   

间歇性低氧训练对拳击运动员无氧和有氧能力的影响     

蔺媛媛  田忠新 《体育科技文献通报》2022,(1)

目的:探究间歇性低氧训练对拳击运动员有氧能力和无氧能力的影响,拳击运动员的科学训练提供参考。方法:本研究选取了高水平拳击运动员30人,随机分配为实验组和对照组两组,对两组拳击运动员进行两次相同的拳击训练,实验组在额外训练的基础上在低氧训练室进行常压训练,对照组只在常氧条件下进行锻炼。所有运动员干预6周,每周训练3次,每次45-50分钟。在干预前后对所有运动员进行无氧Wingate测试和有氧分级测试。结果:研究表明在无氧方面,实验组干预前后无氧功率显著提高(P<0.05),由976w提升至1021w,达到峰值功率的时间显著降低(P<0.05),由6.27s降低到5.25s,而对照组无氧功率和达到峰值时间变化并不显著(P>0.05),且干预后实验组和对照组相比,实验组无氧功率和达到峰值时间变化明显更优(P<0.05)。在有氧能力方面,两组拳击运动员干预前后最大摄氧量均没有明显的变化。结论:本研究认为,间歇性低氧训练能有效提高拳击运动员的无氧能力,而对有氧能力的改善并不明显。  相似文献   

缺氧及血管周围神经改变对心脑血管的影响     

卢丹丹  ;赵静  ;任雷鸣 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》2014,(4):28-35

血管功能失调是心脑血管病变发病的主要原因,缺氧时血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞通过多种方式迅速反应,包括急性反应和基因水平的改变,进而引起血管扩张或收缩。动脉血氧含量降低通过刺激颈动脉体化学感受器并激活交感神经系统,也能即刻诱发血管功能改变。血红素氧化酶和低氧诱导因子则在缺氧对血管壁的长期效应中发挥主要作用。该文还综述了长期神经刺激促发血管内皮损伤、促进外膜成纤维细胞及中膜平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移以及脑血管内皮细胞所参与的神经系统疾病。  相似文献   

Upper-body repeated-sprint training in hypoxia in international rugby union players     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(9):1175-1183

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of upper-body repeated-sprint training in hypoxia vs. in normoxia on world-level male rugby union players’ repeated-sprint ability (RSA) during an international competition period. Thirty-six players belonging to an international rugby union male national team performed over a 2-week period four sessions of double poling repeated-sprints (consisting of 3 × eight 10-s sprints with 20-s passive recovery) either in normobaric hypoxia (RSH, simulated altitude 3000 m, n?=?18) or in normoxia (RSN, 300 m; n?=?18). At pre- and post-training intervention, RSA was evaluated using a double-poling repeated-sprint test (6 × 10-s maximal sprint with 20-s passive recovery) performed in normoxia. Significant interaction effects (P?<?0.05) between condition and time were found for RSA-related parameters. Compared to Pre-, peak power significantly improved at post- in RSH (423?±?52 vs. 465?±?69 W, P?=?0.002, η²=0.12) but not in RSN (395?±?65 vs. 397?±?57 W). Averaged mean power was also significantly enhanced from pre- to post-intervention in RSH (351?±?41 vs. 388?±?53 W, P?<?0.001, η²=0.15), while it remained unchanged in RSN (327?±?49 vs. 327?±?43 W). No significant change in sprint decrement (P?=?0.151, η²?=?0.02) was observed in RSH (?17?±?2% vs. ?16?±?3%) nor RSN (?17?±?2% vs. ?18?±?4%). This study showed that only four upper-body RSH sessions were beneficial in enhancing repeated power production in international rugby union players. Although the improvement from RSA to game behaviour remains unclear, this finding appears of practical relevance since only a short preparation window is available prior to international games.  相似文献   

Running performance after adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):163-172

Abstract

To quantify the effects of adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia on running performance, we randomized 29 trained male hockey and soccer players in double-blind fashion to altitude or placebo groups for 15 days of daily use of a functional or placebo hypoxic re-breathing device. Each day's exposure consisted of alternately breathing stale and fresh air for 6 and 4 min respectively over 1 h. Oxygen saturation was monitored with pulse oximeters and progressively reduced in the hypoxia group (90% on Day 1, 77% on Day 15; equivalent to altitudes of ～3600–6000 m above sea level). Performance tests were an incremental run to maximum speed followed by six maximal-effort running sprints; tests were performed 1 day before, 3 days after, and 12 days after the 15-day treatment. Relative to placebo, at 3 days post treatment the hypoxia group showed a mean increase in maximum speed of 2.0% (90% confidence limits, ±0.5%); sprint speed was relatively faster by 1.5% (±1.7%) in the first sprint through 7.0% (±1.5%) in the last; there were also substantial reductions in exercise lactate concentration and resting and exercise heart rate. Substantial effects on performance were still present 9 days later. Thus, adaptation to acutely intermittent hypoxia substantially improves high-intensity running performance.  相似文献   

对张海霞等“低氧运动对血清离子浓度的影响及电解质饮料干预的效果”一文的述评          下载免费PDF全文

王香生  黄雅君 《体育科研》2013,34(2):49-50

低氧训练是目前国内普遍认可的训练手段之一,缺氧环境下肺泡氧分压降低、酸碱平衡失调等变化均不利于机体正常工作．此环境下耐力运动时的体液变化少见报道,此研究目的是探讨低氧耐力运动中补充电解质饮料或纯净水对血液离子浓度的影响。该研究命题的选择符合目前国内低氧研究的热点,又具有一定的创新性,实验设计采用了在以人体为对象时较可靠的重复研究方法（Repeated measure）,讨论和结论部分简洁合理,值得借鉴与学习。  相似文献