Association of different types of playing surfaces with bone mass in growing girls     

Esther Ubago-Guisado  Jorge García-Unanue  Jorge López-Fernández  Javier Sánchez-Sánchez  Leonor Gallardo 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(15):1484-1492

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare bone mass in young female athletes playing ball games on different types of playing surfaces. About 120 girls, 9–13 years of age (10.6 ± 1.5 years old Tanner I–III) were recruited and divided into prepubertal and pubertal groups. The sample represented 3 groups of athletes: soccer (N = 40), basketball (N = 40), and handball (N = 40); and 6 different playing surfaces (soccer – ground, soccer – artificial turf, basketball – synthetic, basketball – parquet, handball – synthetic, and handball – smooth concrete). Total and regional body composition (bone mass, fat mass, and lean mass) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The mechanical properties of the surfaces (force reduction, vertical deformation, and energy return) were measured with the Advanced Artificial Athlete (Triple A) method. The degree of sexual development was determined using Tanner test. The pubertal group showed that soccer players on the ground, basketball players on synthetic, and handball players on smooth concrete had higher values of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.05) than the soccer players on the artificial turf, basketball players on parquet, and handball players on synthetic. In conclusion, a hard playing surface, with less vertical deformation and force reduction, and greater energy return, is associated with higher levels of BMD and BMC in growing girls, regardless of the sport they practice.  相似文献   

幼儿动作技能学习中的游戏干预：基本形式、方法与实施过程     

张莹  夏琼  袁朝霞  郑秀英  盛建平 《吉林体育学院学报》2016,(1):86-96

采用文献资料、访谈、观察等研究方法，以动作学习为基点，剖析教师对游戏干预的认识。研究结果：(1)游戏干预的基本形式主要包括两大类，一是根据干预对象人数多少可分为单独干预与集体干预；二是根据教师参与方式可分为参与性干预与非参与性干预；(2)游戏干预的基本方法主要包括以教师自身为媒介的干预方法、以材料为媒介的干预方法，和以同伴为媒介的干预方法，其具体的操作手段主要有言语类和非言语类；(3)游戏干预的实施过程主要包括确定干预必要性、确定干预时机、确定干预形式、选取干预方法、设置干预情境、明确干预评价等六个基本环节。此外，还必须重视梳理学习内容与干预内容、有效地规划干预时间、明确干预目标、匹配幼儿能力、重视师幼互动节奏，以及教师培训等相关事项来保障实施过程。研究价值：基本形式的选择和实施过程是游戏干预成功的重要环节，对它们进行深入细致的研究，既能丰富游戏干预理论，又为后续的实证研究提供相应的理论基础。  相似文献   

论运动休闲产业中的竞合关系及其管理     

周小丹 《广州体育学院学报》2016,(4):39-41

竞合关系是现代市场竞争中企业普遍存在的一种既有竞争又有合作的关系,它是一个健康经济社会必须的企业间关系.积极建立企业间竞合关系对于企业的发展至关重要.运动休闲产业作为一个新兴产业,其间企业管理者首先需要有对竞合关系的理解和意识,然后要在建立企业间竞合关系的具体方法和原则方面通晓其理、运筹帷幄.  相似文献   

身体活动经济性专题研究述评     

于洪军  仇军 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(8):51-58

摘要：以介绍第63届美国运动医学学会年会、暨第7届运动是良医世界科学大会和能量平衡的基础科学世界大会的主要研究热点为目的。以身体活动经济性专题大会主报告和专题报告为基本思路，并通过PubMed、CNKI 等数据库检索相关文献，对大会基本情况、身体活动经济性专题报告内容、相关主题最新研究成果等内容进行阐述。此次会议的身体活动经济性研究前沿和热点可以为我国运动科学研究和公共医疗健康政策制定提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Evaluating quality of implementation in physical activity interventions based on theories of motivation: current challenges and future directions     

Eleanor Quested  Nikos Ntoumanis  Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani  Martin S. Hagger  Jennie E. Hancox 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2017,10(1):252-269

The evidence base pointing towards the maladaptive health consequences of an inactive lifestyle highlights the need for interventions that are effective in changing and maintaining physical activity behaviours. Theories of motivation are frequently applied to inform the content and delivery of such interventions. Systematic monitoring and evaluation of the quality of intervention implementation is therefore an important step in understanding if and how theories of motivation can be adopted and effectively applied to promote and/or sustain physical activity behaviours. However, intervention implementation quality in studies that aim to apply motivation theory to promote physical activity is often under-reported. The purpose of this article is, first, to review contemporary approaches used to monitor and evaluate intervention implementation; we outline the degree to which these methods have been used effectively in research concerned with applying theories of motivation to impact physical activity behaviours. Second, we identify and discuss specific challenges in effectively measuring quality of implementation faced by researchers who adopt a motivation theory basis to their work. Finally, recommendations for methods to monitor and evaluate intervention implementation in future trials aiming to promote physical activity based on theories of motivation are also proposed.  相似文献   

Long-term endurance training increases serum cathepsin S and decreases IL-6 and hsCRP levels     

Michael Sponder  Ioana-Alexandra Campean  Michael Emich  Monika Fritzer-Szekeres  Brigitte Litschauer  Jutta Bergler-Klein 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(21):2129-2134

Cathepsin S (CS) was shown to play a key role in cancer progression, atherosclerosis, heart valve disease, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. The present prospective study aimed to investigate the influence of sports on CS, interleukin-6 (Il-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels.

Ninety-eight of 109 participants completed the study. Ergometries were performed at baseline and after 8 months to evaluate/quantify the performance gain. Blood samples were taken at baseline and every 2 months. CS was measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Compared to the control group (mean performance gain ?3.41 ± 4.62%) we observed a significant physical-activity-induced increase of CS levels (3.45–3.73 ng · ml^?1; P = 0.027) and a significant decrease of Il-6 (2.43–1.91 pg · ml^?1; P = 0.031) and hsCRP-levels (0.11–0.09 mg · dl^?1; P = 0.001) in the intervention group (mean performance gain: 12.13 ± 6.32%). Furthermore, the tendency of the progression was significant for CS and Il-6 (P = 0.002/0.033).

We could show a significant sports-induced decrease of the classic inflammation parameters hsCRP/Il-6, probably expressing a downregulation of permanently prevalent inflammation processes. Simultaneously CS levels increased significantly. Our results show that increasing CS amounts are not simply to equal with an enhanced inflammation status and might even have beneficial effects on inflammation and angiogenesis.  相似文献   

Postpartum Mothers’ Leisure-Time Exercise Behavior is Linked to Positive Emotion During Partner Discussions     

Rachel L. Hutt  Ginger A. Moore  Micah A. Mammen  Danielle Symons Downs 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(4):447-454

Purpose: Marital dissatisfaction and conflict often increase for couples after the birth of a child and are evident in fewer positive family interactions and more negative family interactions. Because exercise is known to increase positive emotions and decrease negative emotions, the current study examined the extent to which higher levels of mothers’ exercise during the postpartum period were related to more positive and fewer negative emotion-expressive behaviors with their infants’ fathers. Method: Mothers’ (N = 46; M = 8 months postpartum) positive and negative expressive behaviors were coded during couples’ discussions of current conflict and positive family experiences. Mothers self-reported their leisure-time exercise behavior. Results: First-time mothers and mothers with higher levels of leisure-time exercise behavior displayed higher levels of positive expressive behaviors during couples’ discussions. Conclusions: Exercise may be associated with increased positive emotion and, in turn, can have great potential to improve family relationships during the postpartum period when marital stress normatively increases, particularly for mothers with more than 1 child. Future longitudinal studies are needed to understand exercise patterns across the postpartum period to identify the most effective timing and optimal level of exercise that lead to more positive expressive behaviors.  相似文献   

休闲教育视角下休闲体育参加者的流畅感、满意度与幸福感研究     

郑元男  元英信  曹星 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(1):102-111

摘要：分析休闲教育视域下基于我国老年休闲体育参加者在社会人口统计特征下的流畅感、休闲满意度和幸福感之间的差异及因果关系，为提升老年人的生活质量、幸福指数上升和促进老年人的休闲体育参与提供理论参考依据。运用因子分析、单因素方差分析、相关分析、结构方程等分析法对我国60周岁以上的530名老年休闲体育参与者进行了问卷调查。研究结果显示：1）流畅感在年龄、参与频度、参与项目、月收入方面均存在差异；2）休闲满意度在性别、年龄、参与频度、参与项目、月收入方面均存在差异；3）幸福感在年龄、参与频度、参与时间、参与项目、月收入方面均存在差异；4）流畅感对休闲满意度有着显著性影响，流畅感对幸福感无显著性影响，休闲满意度对幸福感有着显著性影响。针对性地对实施休闲教育提供理论参考与实践指导，有助于提高老年人的身心健康和成功老龄化及最大限度地提升晚年生活幸福指数，最终为国家减少医疗费用。  相似文献   

Fats Waller Meets Harry Champion     

《Cultural and Social History》2013,10(4):495-509

ABSTRACT

Though left for dead in scholarly accounts, the inter-war music hall recovered from competition from the new entertainment forms of the 1920s to enjoy a greatly revived popularity in the 1930s. A comparative analysis of the repertoire and performance of two major stars of the 1930s, one American, one British, reconstructs the contemporary popular aesthetic of pleasure and sexuality. It assesses the impact of American styles, and the prominent position of the halls in a quickening debate over the people's pleasures and their place in national identity, at a time of international crisis and shifting social mores.  相似文献   

TPR技术对钒系催化剂供氧活性和数目的研究     

张菊 《湖州师范学院学报》1991,(5)

本文报导了利用TPR技术研究钒系催化剂的供氧活性和数目,从而阐明了TPD平衡法的可靠性.  相似文献