以色列的中介学习经验理论及其应用     

张丽锦  张莉 《外国教育研究》2011,(6)

二战后,为满足以色列儿童心理成长和能力促进的实际需要,以弗厄斯坦为代表的以色列教育学家和认知心理学家提出了中介学习经验理论并将之应用于教育实践。该理论从教授者与学习者间交互作用的视角看待学习者的认知发展与学习,主张个体的认知结构是一个开放的系统,教授者在中介学习过程中可采用多种有益的中介策略指导和训练儿童,以促进他们认知能力的提高和认知结构的改善,并推动其学习潜能的实现。该理论的实践应用包括:1)构建学习潜能评估工具,用它评价个体认知能力的改变,诊断个体的认知缺陷;2)设立工具强化程序并施之于教学中以巩固儿童已改变的认知结构。中介学习经验理论对于在测评和教学中动态把握和促进巩固儿童的潜能发展具有重要意义。  相似文献   

大学生认知水平对插图效应的影响     

张茗 《青海师专学报》2011,31(2):58-61

本研究使用瑞文标准推理测验区分被试认知水平,采用认知水平和有无配图文章3×2因素实验设计,方差分析结果表明：插图组阅读成绩显著高于无插图组;认知水平主效应显著;阅读总成绩显示出认知方式和呈现方式的显著交互作用。  相似文献   

Test-Based Learning: Inconsistent Effects Between Higher- and Lower-Level Test Questions     

Julian Roelle  Detlev Roelle  Kirsten Berthold 《Journal of Experimental Education》2019,87(2):299-313

Providing test questions after an initial study phase is a common instructional technique. In theory, questions that require higher-level (deep) processing should be more beneficial than those that require lower-level (shallow) processing. However, empirical evidence on the matter is inconsistent. To shed light on two potential reasons for these inconsistencies, we conducted an experiment (N = 81) to analyze the role of (a) the share of information to which test questions direct learners and (b) the learning activities performed in the initial study phase with respect to the effects between higher- and lower-level test questions. We found that both the share of focused information and the initial learning activities moderated the effects between higher- and lower-level test questions.  相似文献   

The interplay between self-determined motivation,self-regulated cognitive strategies,and prior achievement in predicting academic performance     

Sara Manganelli  Elisa Cavicchiolo  Luca Mallia  Valeria Biasi  Fabio Lucidi  Fabio Alivernini 《教育心理学》2019,39(4):470-488

The present study examined the interplay between self-determined motivation and the use of cognitive strategies in predicting university students’ academic performance while taking into account the effect of prior achievement. A theory based model was tested using structural equation modeling on a sample of 764 Italian university students. Results showed that prior achievement influenced students’ academic performance and their motivation and use of cognitive strategies. Critical thinking was the only cognitive strategy which proved to have a significant impact on students’ academic performance. Autonomous motivation had an indirect positive impact on academic performance through its influence on the critical thinking strategy. Controlled motivation had a direct negative impact on academic performance. On the whole, our findings suggest that autonomously motivated students tend to achieve better academic performance by using critical thinking, while students who are driven by controlled motivation have lower academic performance.  相似文献   

谎言的语用特征     

曹悦 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2011,20(3):51-53

谎言是一种语用现象,多发生在言语交际中,因此必须有交际者及其认知语境因素的参与。交际者的主体性、认知语境的因人而异性和动态性使得谎言具有主体性、灵活性和动态性的特征。  相似文献   

音乐教育与人脑开发研究进展     

冉祥华 《商丘师范学院学报》2011,27(8):86-90

近十几年来,随着认知神经科学和脑功能检测技术的飞速发展,音乐与大脑之间的关系日渐引起神经科学家的关注。越来越多的研究表明,音乐学习和训练对人的影响不止于情感,它对脑的发育、认知发展确有一种积极效应。对这一问题的深入研究,不仅可以帮助人类解密大脑＂黑匣＂,而且还能深化人们对音乐教育价值的认识,使音乐教育在更加广义的人类发展和人类潜能开发方面表现出更大的作为。  相似文献   

浅析认知心理学在大学生法律基础教育中的应用     

吴壁葵 《广东轻工职业技术学院学报》2011,10(1):39-42

在大学生的法律基础教学中进行认知心理学的应用,能够促使学生内在自发地实现思维方式的转变,进而为大学生的法律基础教育带来全新的体验。本文针对当前大学生法律基础教育课程中存在的教学弊端进行评述,从课堂教学以及实践教学两层面对前述全新体验作了重点阐释,论证了在大学生法律基础教育中运用认知心理学理念的必要性。  相似文献   

从认知语言学的角度理解文化语义     

李芃 《莆田学院学报》2011,18(6):59-62

界定词语的文化语义,并从认知语言学角度阐述中英文化语义存在着非对应性,它随着人类社会文化的变迁而相互渗透,因此英语学习者在学习英语语言的同时应该注重文化知识的积累。  相似文献   

On Equivalence of Public Sign Translation from the Perspective of the Relevance Theory     

张靖  杨萌 《读与写:教育教学刊》2011,(5):1-5

At present,with the development of the city culture and globalization,bilingual signs are more widely used in the society.Among the public sign translations,there are many successful examples.But,at the same time,many problems such as mistranslation and poor translation widely exist in the process of promotion of city culture.The relevance theory interprets translation from the original author’s and translator’s cognitive surroundings,thus bringing a new approach for translation,especially for applied text translation.Based on the previous study,the author analyzes the equivalent effect of sign translation from the perspective of the relevance theory and summarizes some principles and strategies for public sign translation,in hope of helping the promotion of the city image and culture.  相似文献   

试论认知结构化的课件开发思想     

李强 《山西广播电视大学学报》2011,16(3):38-40

上世纪70年代,认知主义学习理论渐渐形成,我国从90年代起,人们将该理论引入多媒体课件开发领域,逐渐形成了认知结构化的课件开发思想。认知主义研究学习者内在的认知结构和外界环境相互影响,揭示学习的规律和学习本质。认知结构化的课件开发思想以带有认知主义理论色彩的学习法则来指导课件设计,在课件的信息结构、设计原则和教学设计倾向方面体现着认知主义学习理论的基本观点。  相似文献