青岛市肥胖幼儿发生率和肥胖幼儿体质现状的调查分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

沙磊  王瑞静 《山东体育学院学报》2010,26(2)

目的:探讨青岛市3～6岁幼儿肥胖的发生率和肥胖幼儿的体质情况,为预防幼儿肥胖和提高肥胖幼儿体质状况提供依据.方法:应用WHO推荐的身高标准体重≥120%作为肥胖判断标准,用比较分析的方法对随机抽取的青岛市3-6岁城乡男女幼儿进行调查分析.结果:青岛市肥胖幼儿检出率为10.8%,其中轻度、中度和重度检出率分别为6.6%、3.9%和0.4%.除网球掷远外,肥胖幼儿机能和身体素质的各项指标成绩明显低于正常体重幼儿.结论:肥胖幼儿的机能和身体素质的各项指标成绩从总体上低于正常体重组幼儿,提高肥胖幼儿的身体素质是幼儿健康中急需解决的问题.  相似文献   

Can sit-to-stand muscle power explain the ability to perform functional tasks in adults with severe obesity?     

Samuel T. Orange  Phil Marshall  Leigh A. Madden  Rebecca V. Vince 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1227-1234

This study examined the relationship between sit-to-stand (STS) power and physical function in adults with severe obesity. Thirty-eight adults (age: 44 ± 12 years; body mass index [BMI]: 45.2 ± 7.8 kg/m²) completed evaluations of STS power, strength and functional performance. STS power was measured with a wearable inertial sensor, strength was assessed with the isometric mid-thigh pull, and function was measured with the timed up-and-go (TUG), six-minute walk test (6MWT) and 30-s chair STS. Power and strength (normalised to body mass) entered regression models in addition to age, gender, BMI and physical activity (daily step count). Power displayed large univariate associations with TUG (r = 0.50) and 30-s chair STS (r = 0.67), and a moderate association with 6MWT (r = 0.49). Forward stepwise regression revealed that power independently contributed to TUG (β = ?0.40, p = 0.010), 30-s chair STS (β = 0.67, p < 0.001) and 6MWT performance (β = 0.27, p = 0.007). Power also appeared to be a superior determinant of function compared with strength. Power generated via the STS transfer largely underpins the ability to perform functional tasks in adults with severe obesity, although intervention studies are required to investigate a potentially causal relationship.  相似文献   

Sport disciplines,types of sports,and waist circumference in young adulthood – a population-based twin study     

Mirva Rottensteiner  Sara Mäkelä  Leonie H. Bogl  Timo Törmäkangas  Jaakko Kaprio  Urho M. Kujala 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1184-1193

Purpose: The benefits of physical activity (PA) in preventing abdominal obesity are well recognized, but the role of different sport disciplines remains open. We aimed, therefore, to investigate how participation in different sport disciplines, and the number and types of sports engaged in are associated with waist circumference (WC) in young adulthood. Methods: This population-based cohort study comprised 4027 Finnish twin individuals (1874 men), with a mean age of 34 y (32–37), who answered a survey, including self-measured WC. We extracted the number and identified the types (aerobic, power, and mixed) of the different sport disciplines respondents reported participating in. Results: The number of sport disciplines participated in was inversely associated with WC, the linear decrease averaging 1.38?cm (95% CI 1.10–1.65) per each additional sport discipline. The result persisted after adjustment for the main covariates, such as volume of PA and diet quality. Among dizygotic twin pairs discordant for sports participation (0–2 vs. 5 or more disciplines), the mean within-pair difference in WC was 4.8?cm (95% CI 0.4–9.1) for men and 11.2?cm (95% CI 4.4–18.0) for women; among discordant monozygotic pairs, no differences were observed. In men, all three types of sports were individually associated with smaller WC, while in women, only mixed and power sports showed this association. Conclusions: Participation in several sport disciplines and sport types was associated with smaller WC among young adults in their mid-30s. Shared genetic background may explain some of the associations.  相似文献   

Sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis     

Kyungun Kim  Gina Ok  Soeun Jeon  Minsoo Kang 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(4):369-376

Controversial results reported in past research pertaining to the effectiveness of sport-based physical activity interventions on weight loss. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight in children and adolescents using a meta-analysis. Academic Search Complete, Education Source, ERIC, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO and SportDiscus databases were searched from January 2000 to April 2015. Eighteen studies met following inclusion criteria: sport-based intervention studies; subjects aged 6–18 years; reported body weight; published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The mean intervention duration was 17.72 weeks. The overall effect size (ES) was 0.52 (Cohen’s d (ES) = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.95, P = 0.021), using a random effects model. Moderator analyses results showed that the Q statistic for the sport type (individual sport or team sport, Qbetween (Q_b) = 14.52, df = 1, P = 0.001) and diet control (Qbetween (Q_b) = 8.85, df = 1, P = 0.001), explained the heterogeneity of ESs. Our study showed that there was a moderate overall effect of sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight reduction. The team sport type (ES = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.44, 1.66) and diet control group (ES = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.26, 1.41) appeared to be more effective in reducing body weight.  相似文献   

老年人人体测量学参数与滑动摔倒危险性的关系     

张美珍  杨锋  白怡椿 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(2):55-60

摘要：目的：摔倒是目前世界范围内老年人群身体健康所面临的一个主要威胁。然而对于老年人人体测量学参数与摔倒危险之间关系的研究很少。通过对老年人进行滑倒模拟测试,来确定人体测量学参数与摔倒的关系。方法：187名健康老年人在美国伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校临床步态和运动分析实验室参加了滑动测试。实验采集了受试者的人体测量学参数（身高、体重和足长）以及年龄和性别指标。所有受试者在一个安装有滑板装置的7 m长跑道上完成数次正常行走后,经历了一次事先未知的滑动,测试过程中有护具保证其安全。结果：测试中98名(52.4%)受试者摔倒,89名能够恢复正常步态。女性比男性(79% vs. 58%, P < 0.01)受试者,肥胖组比非肥胖组(39% vs. 20%, P < 0.01)老年人,身高低(P < 0.01)和足长小(P< 0.01)的老年人更容易发生摔倒。通过多元回归分析得到身体质量指数（BMI）、性别和身高是摔倒的危险因素。另外,身高与性别具有显著性交互作用。结论：研究结果表明女性、身高低、肥胖者（BMI> 30 kg/m2）以及足长小的老年人发生摔倒的危险性较大。  相似文献   

有氧运动对我国肥胖少年儿童的干预效果研究--基于元分析方法     

解超  金成吉  张军 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2016,(2):84-90

研究目的：运用元分析法( Meta-analysis)检验有氧运动对我国肥胖少年儿童的干预效果。研究方法：检索20052010年23篇相关文献进行元分析,对23篇文献质量进行评估后,采用随机效应模型对研究的效应值和异质性进行检验。研究结果：23篇文献GRADE风险评估结果为A级12篇、B级9篇、C级2篇,文献存在系统误差的可能性很低。元分析结果中效应值为2．59,95%CI(2．14,3．05),说明有氧运动干预对于我国少年儿童的肥胖具有很好的干预效果。异质性检验指标Q值为21．13(P=0．51),I2=0%,研究间不存在异质性和发表偏倚。研究结论：有氧运动是我国肥胖少年儿童进行减肥的有效手段,对少年儿童的肥胖干预效果十分明显。持续3个月以上,每周36次,每次4090分钟的中等强度有氧运动对于我国少年儿童减肥效果最佳。  相似文献   

大学生隐形肥胖运动处方的设计与实施   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张秀丽  王群  肖国强  王凌娟 《体育学刊》2005,12(6):133-135

通过设计隐形肥胖运动处方,使隐形肥胖大学生能进行科学的体育锻炼,从843名在校大学生中筛选出隐形肥胖者27人,实施为期10周的运动处方,结果表明,受试者肩胛下和肱三头肌的皮褶测试有显著性差异,运动处方的制定体现了隐形肥胖的特点.  相似文献   

8岁单纯性肥胖儿童的形态、机能、素质研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆建峰  李珍妮  王仁钢  邱燕春  招乐辉  雷桂成  冯绍桢 《广州体育学院学报》2003,23(4):29-31

通过对 60名 8岁儿童的体质研究 ,探索肥胖这一因素对儿童身体健康状况的影响程度及其危害性。结果表明 :肥胖组的各项身体形态指标值均大于对照组 (p <0 0 1) ;肥胖组收缩压和舒张压比对照组高 ,肺活量 /体重指数和肺活量 /胸围指数比对照组小 (p <0 0 0 1) ,3 0 %的肥胖儿童血压增高超过正常范围 ;肥胖组 5 0m跑和 5 0m× 8往返跑比对照组差 (p <0 0 5 ) ,立定跳远比对照组差 (p <0 0 1).  相似文献   

对北京市肥胖青少年的现状调查与分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

孙璞  夏淑敏 《中国体育科技》2001,37(3):26-28

本研究对北京市981名青少年进行调查，发现肥胖者高达26%。通过对这些肥胖青少年的饮食、运动以及心理等情况的深入研究与分析，提出了具有建设性的预防肥胖的5点措施。  相似文献   

有氧运动是新的减肥方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张福华  秦佩旭  曹玉荣 《通化师范学院学报》2002,23(2):96-98

伴随着人类社会的发展，进步，肥胖症这种“明病”已遍及世界各地，并且发生率一直持续而且明显地上升。据世界卫生组织的专门调查，肥胖病人占地球上全体居民的20％－25％，有氧运动能促进人体脂肪的分解从而达到减肥的目的。  相似文献