有氧运动条件下一氧化氮合成与肝脏尿素循环之间关系初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王冰梅  徐朝晖 《体育科学》2005,25(5):47-49

以方差分析和线性相关分析方法，探讨补充精氨酸和游泳训练对小鼠血NO(bNO)、血尿素氮(bBUN)和骨骼肌一氧化氮合酶(sNOS)的影响，篮球训练对大学生bNO、bBUN的影响以及小鼠／人肝脏尿素生成与NO合成之间的关系。结果表明：1)补充精氨酸对安静和训练小鼠NO和尿素生成均无显著影响；2)有氧训练使人／小鼠的NO和尿素生成均显著增加，且两者呈高度相关。结论：机体通过有效的自身调节机制，能够满足有氧运动下NO和尿素合成对Arg的需求，不需额外补充；肝脏尿素循环与外周NO合成是相互促进的，这也许是机体在有氧运动条件下对Arg、Cit需求与供应的自身调节机制，即：同肝脏与骨骼肌之间的葡萄糖—丙氨酸循环一样，肝脏与外周NO合成组织间可能存在着高效的“Cit—Arg cycle”。该结论需进一步实验证实。  相似文献   

体育锻炼的选择对治疗焦虑的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张利  张昆 《湖北体育科技》2005,24(1):67-68

焦虑是一种常见的不良情绪体验 ,通过体育锻炼可以达到对焦虑的治疗作用。体育锻炼的各种特征 ,如活动类型、强度、持续时间等都会对焦虑的治疗效应产生重要影响。因此 ,必须具体问题具体分析 ,因人而异 ,不同的人选择不同的锻炼方法 ,才有可能使体育锻炼治疗焦虑取得最大的效果。  相似文献   

丁胱亚磺酰亚胺排空组织谷胱甘肽对大鼠心肌c-jun、c-fos mRNA的影响     

毛丽娟 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(10):46-49

设计三种实验模型,即力竭游泳运动模型、递增负荷游泳训练模型、BSO排空GSH模型,研究三种模型对大鼠心肌中原癌基因c-jun和c-fos mRNA表达的影响。结果发现力竭运动后训练力竭组、注射BSO力竭组、对照力竭组的大鼠心肌中c-jun mRNA表达量与相对应的训练安静组、注射BSO、对照安静组均增加,大鼠心肌中c-fos安静组mRNA表达量增加。BSO力竭组的c-fos mRNA表达量高于对照力竭组。训练力竭组与对照力竭组相比c-fos mRNA表达量没有明显变化。由上述实验结果推出,长时间力竭运动机体活性氧产生增加,c-jun mRNA和c-fos mRNA的表达量增加,进而激活转录因子AP-1。  相似文献   

锌对力竭运动时大鼠肝脑组织自由基代谢的影响   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

张平  李明学  李岚 《体育科学》2005,25(5):63-64

以大鼠力竭性运动为模型，观察锌对力竭运动时肝和脑组织中自由基代谢的影响。结果显示：力竭运动后即刻，肝、脑组织的MDA和SOD显著下降。补充锌能使力竭运动时肝、脑组织的MDA明显降低，阻止SOD下降，并使大鼠运动至力竭的时间稍有延长。提示，力竭运动使大鼠肝、脑组织中的自由基代谢加强。锌在大鼠肝、脑组织中具有很强的抗氧化作用，从而消除运动时产生的过量自由基。  相似文献   

"信息检索与利用"网络课程辅助系统--智能测试系统的设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永丽  王伟  沈秀丽 《现代图书情报技术》2004,(4):75-77,74

对智能测试系统的开发进行了详细介绍，提出并实现了该系统的两个重要部分——题库系统和网上考试系统，题库系统中的标准化试题系统、试卷系统对提高教学质量起到推动性作用。网上考试系统具有智能性特点。  相似文献   

Creating Better Learners Through Learning Science: A Sample of Methods     

Chris Brown 《图书馆管理杂志》2018,58(4):375-381

This article proposes the incorporation of learning science into the programming and operation of public libraries. Learning science, a multidisciplinary field spanning cognitive science, psychology, neuroscience, economics, anthropology, and linguistics, has identified proven methods for enhancing learning at any age. The article highlights some of the tools and insights that are most relevant to libraries in their role as centers for informal learning.  相似文献   

Maximal heart rate declines linearly with age independent of cardiorespiratory fitness levels     

Cemal Ozemek  Mitchell H. Whaley  W. Holmes Finch  Leonard A. Kaminsky 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(5):563-570

There have been many conflicting observations between the linear or curvilinear decline in maximal heart rate (HR_max) with age. The aim of this study was to determine if linear or curvilinear equations would better describe the decline in HR_max with age in individuals of differing cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels. Treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) results from participants (1510 men and 1134 women; 18–76 years) free of overt cardiovascular disease were retrospectively examined using cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs. Participants completing ≥2 CPX with ≥1 year between test dates were included in the longitudinal analysis (325 men and 150 women). Linear and quadratic regressions were applied to age and HR_max for the whole cohort and respective CRF groups (high, moderate, and low, relative to age and gender normative values). To test for differences among linear, quadratic, and polynomial equations, the change in R² (cross-sectional analysis) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) (longitudinal analysis) from the linear to the more complex models were calculated. The quadratic or polynomial regression in the cross-sectional analysis, marginally improved the variance in HR_max explained by age compared to the linear regression for the whole cohort (0.2%), moderate fit group (0.3%), and low fit group (0.8%). With no improvements in the high fit group. BIC did not improve for any CRF category in the longitudinal analysis. In conclusion, the minimal differences among linear, quadratic, and polynomial equations in the respective CRF groups, emphasizes the use of linear prediction equations to estimate HR_max.  相似文献   

Fake news,fake truth: A new purpose for public schooling     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2021

The world is adversely affected by the plethora of easily available fake and misleading information. Public schools are established to help generate responsible citizens.Public schools may have a role to play in addressing the fake news, fake truth problem.  相似文献   

Physical activity and nutrition guidelines to help with the fight against COVID-19     

Kayvan Khoramipour  Aref Basereh  Amirhoseein Ahmadi Hekmatikar  Lindy Castell  Ruheea Taskin Ruhee 《Journal of sports sciences》2021,39(1):101-107

ABSTRACT

As the world is witnessing the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019, emerging genetics and clinical pieces of evidence suggest a similar immunopathology to those of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome. Staying at home to prevent the spread of the virus and consequently being largely inactive is associated with unintended consequences. These can actually enhance the infection risk and exacerbate poor health conditions including impaired immune function. Physical activity is a feasible way of improving health, particularly physical and mental health in a time of social isolation. However, people with certain health conditions in these circumstances may need a special physical activity programme in addition to any exercise they may already be performing via online programmes. This review aims to provide practical guidelines during the COVID-19 quarantine period. We suggest performing aerobic, resistance training, respiratory muscle training and yoga in the healthy, and in those with upper respiratory tract illness, patients with lower respiratory tract illness should be restricted to respiratory muscle training and yoga. In addition, vitamins D and C, omega-3 fatty acids, and regular consumption of fruit and vegetables might be considered as nutritional aids to support the immune system in those affected by COVID-19.  相似文献   

运动与褪黑素抗抑郁的作用、机制以及联合策略研究进展     

黄卓淳  漆正堂  刘微娜 《中国体育科技》2020,(2):3-14

褪黑素(melatonin,MT)在同步昼夜节律方面具有关键作用,且抑郁症的主要特征就是昼夜节律紊乱导致的睡眠障碍和褪黑素分泌紊乱。针对昼夜节律系统开发出的褪黑素类似物(如阿戈美拉汀、雷美替胺、他司美琼等)在治疗抑郁症方面有积极作用,特别是阿戈美拉汀,这是一种具有抗抑郁和抗焦虑作用的褪黑素受体激动剂及5-HT2C受体拮抗剂。研究综述了昼夜节律紊乱与抑郁症之间的关联,以及褪黑素在运动调控生物节律与改善抑郁行为方面的作用及机制,并提出了运动联合MT的抗抑郁策略。提出运动的抗抑郁作用,一方面通过MT的分泌调节使生物节律同步和MT促进海马神经发生和生物钟基因表达同步,另一方面通过MT调节脑源性神经营养因子节律和水平及改善炎症和氧化应激。  相似文献