影响健美运动中肌肉增长的营养因素     

逄金柱 《体育科研》2007,28(1):59-61

健美运动旨在通过大强度的力量训练增加肌肉体积,科学合理的营养补充能明显促进肌肉的增长,这其中具有明确增肌效果的运动营养食品有肌酸、乳清蛋白、β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸盐、支链氨基酸、谷氨酰胺,可能具有增肌效果的运动营养食品有鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸合荆、锌镁合荆、α-酮戊二酸、α-酮异已酸、铬、钒等。  相似文献   

田径选手简便易行的膳食营养编排法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李文辉 《体育与科学》1997,(4)

现代营养科学揭示,运动员合理的膳食是提高运动能力。保证科学训练的前提条件。本人针对我国国情,将各类食物按营养特点进行分类,建立模式数量概念。根据不同项目特点、选手的生理条件、训练水平、不同训练阶段等诸多因素来确定选择每天合理所需的各类食物,满足运动员对营养素的需要,保证有效训练,此种方法简便易行。  相似文献   

游泳运动员的营养与膳食     

梁锡华  王电华  邓春梅 《湖北体育科技》1997,(1)

研究游泳运动员的营养与膳食．是最大限度的发挥运动员竞技能力的重要课题之一．平衡的营养是运动员健康和运动能力的保证。  相似文献   

长期递增负荷跑台运动和营养补充对大鼠肾脏EPO水平和mRNA表达的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵杰修  田野  曹建民  金丽  满君  谢敏豪 《体育科学》2004,24(8):26-29

为了研究肾脏EPO代谢在运动性贫血发生机理中的功能和作用，及营养补充对运动性贫血防治效果的作用机制，对30只雄性Wistar大鼠进行等量随机分组：对照组(C)、运动组(P)和运动 营养组(G)。11周的跑台运动和营养补充结束后，应用RT—PCR和ELISA方法测试大鼠肾脏EPO基因表达和活性水平。结果发现，肾脏组织匀浆液EPO水平并未表现出对照组、运动 营养组、运动组的组间差异，而对于肾脏EPO mRNA表达指标在运动组分别显著高于对照组和运动 营养组，提示肾脏EPO活性水平可能并非机体运动性贫血的发病因素。  相似文献   

V_E对鱼类作用的研究进展     

CUI Jin- hua 《铜仁职业技术学院学报》2007,(3)

VE是鱼类营养和饲料中最重要的维生素之一,它与鱼类机体的代谢,抗氧化功能、免疫功能、抗病力、繁殖功能密切相关。  相似文献   

Rethinking fat as a fuel for endurance exercise     

Jeff S. Volek  Timothy Noakes  Stephen D. Phinney 《European Journal of Sport Science》2015,15(1):13-20

Abstract

A key element contributing to deteriorating exercise capacity during physically demanding sport appears to be reduced carbohydrate availability coupled with an inability to effectively utilize alternative lipid fuel sources. Paradoxically, cognitive and physical decline associated with glycogen depletion occurs in the presence of an over-abundance of fuel stored as body fat that the athlete is apparently unable to access effectively. Current fuelling tactics that emphasize high-carbohydrate intakes before and during exercise inhibit fat utilization. The most efficient approach to accelerate the body’s ability to oxidize fat is to lower dietary carbohydrate intake to a level that results in nutritional ketosis (i.e., circulating ketone levels >0.5 mmol/L) while increasing fat intake for a period of several weeks. The coordinated set of metabolic adaptations that ensures proper interorgan fuel supply in the face of low-carbohydrate availability is referred to as keto-adaptation. Beyond simply providing a stable source of fuel for the brain, the major circulating ketone body, beta-hydroxybutyrate, has recently been shown to act as a signalling molecule capable of altering gene expression, eliciting complementary effects of keto-adaptation that could extend human physical and mental performance beyond current expectation. In this paper, we review these new findings and propose that the shift to fatty acids and ketones as primary fuels when dietary carbohydrate is restricted could be of benefit for some athletes.  相似文献   

Considerations for protein intake in managing weight loss in athletes     

Caoileann H. Murphy  Amy J. Hector 《European Journal of Sport Science》2015,15(1):21-28

Abstract

A large body of evidence now shows that higher protein intakes (2–3 times the protein Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 0.8 g/kg/d) during periods of energy restriction can enhance fat-free mass (FFM) preservation, particularly when combined with exercise. The mechanisms underpinning the FFM-sparing effect of higher protein diets remain to be fully elucidated but may relate to the maintenance of the anabolic sensitivity of skeletal muscle to protein ingestion. From a practical point of view, athletes aiming to reduce fat mass and preserve FFM should be advised to consume protein intakes in the range of ～1.8–2.7 g kg^?1 d^?1 (or ～2.3–3.1 g kg^?1 FFM) in combination with a moderate energy deficit (?500 kcal) and the performance of some form of resistance exercise. The target level of protein intake within this recommended range requires consideration of a number of case-specific factors including the athlete's body composition, habitual protein intake and broader nutrition goals. Athletes should focus on consuming high-quality protein sources, aiming to consume protein feedings evenly spaced throughout the day. Post-exercise consumption of 0.25–0.3 g protein meal^?1 from protein sources with high leucine content and rapid digestion kinetics (i.e. whey protein) is recommended to optimise exercise-induced muscle protein synthesis. When protein is consumed as part of a mixed macronutrient meal and/or before bed slightly higher protein doses may be optimal.  相似文献   

植物提取物补充对延迟性肌肉酸痛干预效果     

苏浩  袁梦  李翘楚 《体育科学研究》2022,(1)

通过查阅相关文献,以“延迟性肌肉酸痛”“植物提取物”“DOMS”和“plant extracts”等中英文检索词,分别在中国知网、万方数据库、Webofscience数据库、PubMed数据库和EBSCO系列数据库中,对自1983年6月至2020年5月的相关文献进行检索,最终选取81篇文献进行综述,以探讨植物提取物补充对延迟性肌肉酸痛干预效果,并阐述相关研究进展。结果表明:植物提取物干预与物理、药物和单一营养素干预相比,能从DOMS的炎症反应和氧化应激过程入手来预防延迟性肌肉酸痛的相关症状。但在当前研究中,有关植物提取物的补充效果仍缺乏一些大样本和大规模的实验证明,未来人们的研究方向应着眼于探究更多种类的植物提取物对延迟性肌肉酸痛的干预效果,以及确定在实际应用中具体的最优补剂方案。  相似文献   

青少年短道速滑运动员的营养补充     

李军 《冰雪运动》2014,(1):18-21

科学的营养补充对青少年短道速滑运动员的体力和运动能力的发挥以及运动后的恢复起着至关重要的作用。针对短道速滑项群特点、青少年发育特征和训练环境特点等项目特点,总结出青少年短道速滑运动员在训练中所需能量为热量、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、水和无机盐和维生素;并分别提出各种所需能量营养补充的方法和手段,为青少年短道速滑运动员的训练和比赛提供理论参考。  相似文献   

松针与运动性疲劳     

曾明  李守汉 《安徽体育科技》2003,24(4):48-49

对松针在国内外的已知种类、营养价值、保健效能、药理研究进行了综述，提出了松针在运动性疲劳方面的优势。  相似文献