健身环境影响老年人健康的机制及体力活动的中介效应     

高亮  吴志建  王厚雷 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2022,36(2)

目的：老年健康问题逐渐受到各国政府关注,改善健身环境被视为改善健康的一项战略方案。然而,尚未清楚健身环境诸因素中哪些因素影响老年人健康状况,及体力活动在其中所产生的作用。本研究主要探究健身环境诸因素对老年人健康的影响机制,以期改善健身环境特征,促进老年人健康状况。方法：随机抽取南京市32个社区499名老年人,采用问卷调查基本信息,三维加速度计和GPS测量老年人户外活动强度、时间和活动轨迹,利用GIS提取客观健身环境因素,使用AMOS 22.0对结构方程模型进行检验。结果：人口密度和街道连通性对老年人健康产生直接影响,效应量分别为0.100、0.121;人口密度、交通站点数和至商业场所距离通过体力活动对老年人健康产生间接影响,效应量分别为0.041、0.067、0.086。研究还发现体力活动在建筑密度、人均道路总长度、交通站点数、至健身场所距离、至商业场所距离与女性老年人健康状况间起到中介作用,对男性无中介作用。结论：健身环境诸因素中人口密度、街道连通性、交通站点数和至商业场所距离对老年人健康产生正向促进作用;与轻体力活动相比,中高体力活动在健身环境与健康之间起到的中介作用较大。健身环境诸因素对老年人健康的影响程度大小排序人口密度＞街道连通性＞至商业场所距离＞交通站点数;健身环境诸因素对老年人健康的影响也在性别差异。  相似文献   

延伸世博精神 深化社区图书馆多元文化     

王天蔚 《现代情报》2010,30(6):99-101

在城市人口流动频繁的今天,经济建设的同时,文化建设不容忽视,特别要注重对文化缺失人群的关心。引导社区不同类型和层次的居民分享社区图书馆的服务,加强文化交流,充分彰显中国文化的价值。物质基础加上精神充实,生活才能更美好。  相似文献   

New challenges to Korean universities: increase of older students     

Jae-Eun Chae 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2010,30(3):339-353

This article explores the implications of the recent increase in older students at Korean universities dominated by younger students. A case study design is used to gain an in-depth understanding of experiences of older students in a Korean university. Semi-structured interviews of twelve older students, three professors, two administrators, and four younger students at the university were conducted for the date collection. The results suggest that the experiences of Korean older students differed from those of counterparts in western countries since academic and extracurricular services of Korean universities were geared towards younger students and thus were unhelpful for older students with multiple responsibilities at work and home. Also, the results show that traditional hierarchical relationships between younger and older students created strains for older students who had to rely heavily on younger counterparts. This study's findings highlight the crucial roles of higher education systems and culture in the experiences of older Asian students.  相似文献   

Using action research to address the mental health needs of older people: a reflection and discussion of real‐world problems     

Anthony Harrison  Janet Brandling 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(2):255-272

Action research provides an opportunity to implement and understand the process of change in practice settings, as well as develop theoretical insights into complex social situations. The provision of mental healthcare for older people within the general hospital is one such situation, and this paper presents a discussion and reflection on the use of action research in this setting. The background to the project is described, followed by a discussion of three major issues that emerged for us: the extent to which we were able to promote democracy and maintain and demonstrate democratic behaviour, the problems and pitfalls of operationalising grounded theory methodology within an action research approach, and the challenges of developing an authentic and credible account of the care of older people with mental health needs. This paper aims to add to a discourse regarding action research and will be of value to researchers using this approach across a range of health, social care and educational settings.  相似文献   

Using Personal Narratives for Curriculum Development about Substance Abuse and Older Adults     

Martha C. Bial  Irene A. Gutheil  Meredith Hanson  Linda White-Ryan 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(1):121-131

This article reports on a project to sensitize graduate social work students taking courses in substance abuse to the needs of older adults. Graduate social work students at a major urban school of social work in the Northeast were recruited and trained to interview older adults with a history of substance abuse problems regarding their life experiences. The authors developed educational vignettes based on the interviews and curriculum units based on these vignettes to be incorporated into the substance abuse curriculum. The challenges and rewards of engaging students in the process of developing educational vignettes based on older adults lived experiences are also discussed.  相似文献   

Underlying Consumer-Valuing Structures of Baby Boomers as Older Adults in Community Colleges: A Grounded Theory     

Louis Mark Palazesi  Beverly L. Bower  Robert A. Schwartz 《Journal of Marketing for HIGHER EDUCATION》2013,23(2):256-291

The purpose of this study was to present a grounded theory that fills in gaps in the higher education literature on the concept of educational consumer value and perceptions that support consumer value. Specifically, this study focuses on the learning experiences of Baby Boomers (40–60 year old adults) as older adult students attending community colleges. This study examines value as a factor in the consumer behavior of these students. An understanding of Baby Boomer consumer behavior, the processes which drive this behavior, and the aging Baby Boomers' potential as continuously returning learners, could help develop programs and marketing plans for community colleges interested in attracting and retaining the Baby Boomer market.  相似文献   

中老年女性广场舞开展现状的调查与分析     

王莹 《商丘职业技术学院学报》2013,12(2):122-124

采用问卷调查法与数理统计等研究方法,对商丘市中老年女性（41～60岁）参加广场舞练习的现状进行了调查探究．结果表明：参与者离退休人员占65．57％;在固定场所习舞者占91．15％;每周晚上习舞4～5次者占68．20％,每次习舞时间在1～2小时者占91．47％;组织形式为自发组织,习舞者的目的多为强身健体、娱乐交友．场地设施落后,锻炼环境没有保障,缺乏专业人员健身指导是影响参与者积极性的重要原因．  相似文献   

对60～89岁老年人下肢柔韧性的测试研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

侯曼  侯佳  王汉玉 《北京体育大学学报》2004,27(1):57-59

下肢柔韧性是评价老年人体质状况的重要参数.本文介绍了两种测量柔韧性方法,并用这两种方法连续两年测试了165和160名60～89岁老年人,对两年的测试数据表明,在这两年期间各年龄组老年人的下肢柔韧性没有显著性的改变(P>0.05);而且,两种测试方法测得的数据之间也没有显著性差异;但60～69岁组与80～89岁组之间却存在显著性的差异(P<0.01).同时,测试数据表明,经常进行体育锻炼的老年人下肢柔韧性优于不经常进行体育锻炼的老年人,差异有统计学上的显著性意义(P<0.01),证明体育锻炼对延缓老年人下肢各项功能的衰退起着重要的作用.本研究也证实椅子柔韧性实验方法可以作为测试老年人下肢柔韧性的可靠而简便的方法.  相似文献   

有氧运动对老年人内皮素-1合成的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈彩珍  卢健 《浙江体育科学》2005,27(3):12-14

内皮功能异常与多种心血管疾病的发生发展密切相关,文章旨在了解运动锻炼对血管内皮功能的影响.以60名老年人为研究对象,测定心率、血压、体脂和内皮素含量,结果发现经常参加锻炼的老年男性或女性收缩压均比不锻炼的对照组低(P<0.05),锻炼组女性的心率也显著低于对照组(P<0.05),血浆内皮素水平锻炼组均低于同性别的对照组.比较不同性别内皮素含量,发现女性的内皮素水平有低于男性的趋势,但差异未达显著性.结果表明规律性有氧耐力运动改善了内皮功能,经常参加运动锻炼的人从锻炼中获得良好的生理性效果.  相似文献   

人力资本视域下农村大龄留守女性职业培训问题研究     

代锋 《当代职业教育》2019,(2):90-94

农村大龄留守女性是我国城镇一体化进程中的特殊群体。从事农村繁重的劳动和维系家庭的和谐平稳、推动新农村基本建设和经济发展、承受生活窘迫和堪忧的健康状况是这类群体的基本生活现状;而职业技能结构单一、精神压抑、情绪焦虑、缺乏安全感、维权和自我保护意识不足是农村大龄留守女性的主要特征。通过深入分析和全面梳理当前有关各方对这一特殊群体开展职业培训中存在的各种突出问题,从人力资本的视角提出要构建强化政府主体责任和彰显公益性的培训经费保障机制,推出"量体裁衣"的职业培训设计,同时加强宣传引导,激发农村大龄留守女性参与职业培训的主体意识和行动自觉等方面的有效策略。  相似文献