有氧运动对线粒体膜通透性转运通道的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

毛丽娟  陶建云  许豪文  宋文民 《体育与科学》2000,21(6):25-27

近年来有关长时间运动过程中内源性活性氧产生与运动性疲劳的关系的研究已取得较丰富的研究结果,几乎所有这些有关工作均推测：线粒体通透性转运通道的打开引起的钙转运紊乱可能是产生长时间运动性疲劳的一个主要原因。本文就长时间运动对线粒体通透性转运产生的影响作一简要介绍,进一步了解长时间运动性疲劳发生的分子机制。  相似文献   

线粒体合成AT P 的效率及其与运动疲劳的相关性   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

徐建兴  张勇 《天津体育学院学报》2000,15(1):12-14

把线粒体看作是细胞制造ＡＴＰ的分子热机,考虑到呼吸链传递电子时有漏电现象,链内传递电子制造ＡＴＰ的过程看作是“有用功”,漏出链外的电子未用于制造ＡＴＰ是“无用功”,线粒体合成ＡＴＰ的效率就是“有用功”和“总功”的比值。计算结果显示效率Ｅ等于Ｐ／Ｏ比值乘以一个系数ｆ,这个系数ｆ对以琥珀为底物时是１／２,以ＮＡＤＨ为底物时是１／３（郑红英,徐建兴．生物物理学报,１９９９,１５：６４７～６５４）。用两类  相似文献   

黄土高原岔巴沟流域降水氢氧同位素特征及水汽来源初探   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

刘鑫  宋献方  夏军  于静洁  张学成 《资源科学》2007,29(3):59-66

降水是流域水循环中重要的输入因子，对其同位素组分的研究有助于确定流域水体间的水力联系，还可反映流域综合自然地理及气象气候信息；结合地表水、土壤水及地下水同位素组分变化，可以确定降水入渗及产汇流过程、地下水补给及更新能力，进而为完整的水循环机理研究提供依据。结合水文气象观测，本文分析了黄土高原典型丘陵沟壑区岔巴沟流域2004年～2005年月降水以及曹坪西沟实验流域次降水环境同位素组分雨量效应、高程效应、季节变化、δD与δ¹⁸O间的关系等，并对不同时空尺度上大气降水线的变化规律进行分析，结果表明该地区不同年份及雨季前后，降水的水汽来源不同且经历蒸发过程差异较大；同时发现大气降水线中斜率与氘盈余之间存在良好的线性关系9.74×S-d=69.3，即虽然不同年份大气降水线存在差异，但两者存在相对稳定的线性关系，该关系可能与水汽来源之外的某种固定的综合自然地理特征有关，也为获得可靠的分析结果提供了参考。  相似文献   

细胞凋亡的调控因素     

白丽荣  张金良 《衡水学院学报》2003,5(2):50-52

细胞凋亡是细胞与生俱来的一种机制 ,是最常见的细胞生理性死亡形式。高浓度的活性氧是启动细胞凋亡的信号 ,它是在电子传给末端氧化酶之前漏出呼吸链与氧反应生成的。活性氧水平的升高使线粒体上非特异性的通透性转运孔道开放 ,于是原来位于线粒体膜间隙的某些与凋亡有关的活性物质释放到细胞液中 ,激活胱天蛋白酶 ,引起细胞凋亡。位于凋亡后期的效应因子也可被不同的凋亡前期信使分子所激活 ,而IAP蛋白则能通过直接抑制胱天蛋白酶家族蛋白的活化过程而抑制凋亡的发生。  相似文献   

Redox mediators for high-performance lithium–oxygen batteries     

Yaying Dou  Zhaojun Xie  Yingjin Wei  Zhangquan Peng  Zhen Zhou 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2022,9(4)

Aprotic lithium–oxygen (Li–O₂) batteries are receiving intense research interest by virtue of their ultra-high theoretical specific energy. However, current Li–O₂ batteries are suffering from severe barriers, such as sluggish reaction kinetics and undesired parasitic reactions. Recently, molecular catalysts, i.e. redox mediators (RMs), have been explored to catalyse the oxygen electrochemistry in Li–O₂ batteries and are regarded as an advanced solution. To fully unlock the capability of Li–O₂ batteries, an in-depth understanding of the catalytic mechanisms of RMs is necessary. In this review, we summarize the working principles of RMs and their selection criteria, highlight the recent significant progress of RMs and discuss the critical scientific and technical challenges on the design of efficient RMs for next-generation Li–O₂ batteries.  相似文献   

燃气热值数值模拟与预测优化控制     

李阳  刘丕亮  崔桂梅 《实验室研究与探索》2021,(1):92-96,125

针对现场固定空燃比燃烧导致无法根据波动燃气热值匹配最佳助燃空气,使热风炉热损失增加;残氧检测仪直接检测热风炉烟道残氧量,将导致氧化锆损耗快、高炉煤气费用计量单一等问题.针对以上问题设计一种残氧燃气分析系统,该系统并行于热风炉控制系统的前馈控制,将少量高炉煤气、空气先通入该系统进行燃烧并调整自身空燃比,得到最佳空燃比作用...  相似文献   

The Comparison of Physiological Responses from Cycling on Friction-Braked and Electromagnetic Ergometers     

John G. Seifert 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):115-117

Despite the apparent benefits of Title IX, the implementation of the law remains controversial, and there are divergent beliefs regarding its impact on collegiate sport. The purpose of this study was to examine how members of a university community, whose intercollegiate sport programs have changed, perceive and make sense of Title IX and the changes it incurred. Using a gendered lens (Birrell, 2000) and qualitative interviews with 13 individuals connected to the university community, insight was gained into their perceptions of Title IX and women's and men's athletic opportunities. The theme of opportunity gained and lost was central to how these individuals perceive Title IX and resonates with the liberal (feminist) concerns out of which Title IX was born.  相似文献   

运动,自由基与细胞凋亡     

衣雪洁  常波  刘义保 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》1998,(3)

凋亡是细胞死亡的一种形式,近年来研究表明,许多化学物质和自由基影响凋亡的发生,这里着重讨论运动源性自由基与细胞凋亡的关系,并探讨其研究思路。  相似文献   

有氧运动中NADPH氧化酶介导产生的活性氧对大鼠神经胶质细胞活力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董静梅  郭层城 《中国体育科技》2007,43(6):118-121

建立大鼠有氧运动模型,原代培养了有氧运动后大鼠神经胶质细胞,阐明有氧运动后类NADPH氧化酶介导产生的活性氧(ROS)对细胞正常生理功能的影响。通过实验发现,有氧运动后大鼠神经胶质细胞中O2.-和H2O2生成均明显增加,而人工饲喂NADPH氧化酶的抑制剂二联苯碘(diphenylene iodonium,DPI)或夹竹桃麻素(apocynin,APO)后,均明显地降低由运动引起的大鼠神经胶质细胞O2.-和H2O2生成量;细胞活性的测定显示,DPI、APO、超氧化物歧化酶 过氧化氢酶均能明显降低运动后大鼠神经胶质细胞活性。表明有氧运动中类NADPH氧化酶介导产生的ROS是大鼠神经胶质细胞生存所必需,过度进补抗氧化剂将干扰细胞的正常生理活动甚至导致细胞死亡。  相似文献   

Carbohydrate intake and training efficacy – a randomized cross-over study     

Florian Beaudouin  Frederic Joerg  Anette Hilpert  Tim Meyer  Anne Hecksteden 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(8):942-948

Carbohydrate (CHO) availability during endurance exercise seems to attenuate exercise-induced perturbations of cellular homeostasis and might consequently diminish the stimulus for training adaptation. Therefore, a negative effect of CHO intake on endurance training efficacy seems plausible. This study aimed to test the influence of carbohydrate intake on the efficacy of an endurance training program on previously untrained healthy adults. A randomized cross-over trial (8-week wash-out period) was conducted in 23 men and women with two 8-week training periods (with vs. without intake of 50g glucose before each training bout). Training intervention consisted of 4x45 min running/walking sessions/week at 70% of heart rate reserve. Exhaustive, ramp-shaped exercise tests with gas exchange measurements were conducted before and after each training period. Outcome measures were maximum oxygen uptake (VO_2max) and ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VT). VO_2max and VT increased after training regardless of CHO intake (VO_2max: Non-CHO 2.6 ± 3.0 ml*min^?1*kg^?1 p = 0.004; CHO 1.4 ± 2.5 ml*min^?1*kg^?1 p = 0.049; VT: Non-CHO 4.2 ± 4.2 ml*min^?1*kg^?1 p < 0.001; CHO 3.0 ± 4.2 ml*min^?1*kg^?1 p = 0.003). The 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference between conditions was between +0.1 and +2.1 ml*min^?1*kg^?1 for VO_2max and between ?1.2 and +3.1 for VT. It is concluded that carbohydrate intake could potentially impair the efficacy of an endurance training program.  相似文献