高校辅导员职业压力应对策略研究——基于积极心理学角度     

李晓璇 《惠州学院学报》2015,(2):119-122

辅导员是高校中不可或缺的角色,是学生接触最多的一线管理者,他们的职业压力直接影响着学生管理工作的实际成效。本文分析了辅导员产生职业压力的内外部原因及其职业压力造成的负面影响,从积极心理学的角度,提出了塑造积极人格、构建积极的组织环境、提升辅导员的成就感和个人地位以及个人的工作技能等应对职业压力的策略。  相似文献   

压力与学习的互惠:对积极塑造者假说的纵贯实证检验     

杨柳青  梁巧转  赵欣 《科技管理研究》2014,(21)

引入积极塑造者假说阐释工作压力与员工学习间的互惠关系,构建二者的良性循环,并据此提出两项中介假设;以研究院所、管理咨询机构的知识型员工为样本,采用两期107份纵贯样本进行回归分析;结果显示,员工学习中介工作压力与工作资源之间的正向关系,工作资源中介员工学习与工作压力之间的负向关系,压力与学习构成良性循环;研究表明,面对压力,积极塑造者将展开适应学习,习得知识后,积极塑造者将改变工作、获取资源以缓解压力,工作压力与员工学习良性互惠、员工福祉和技能螺旋上升。  相似文献   

外贴FRP结构剥离分析概述     

李东伟  杨晶晶  苏俊杰 《科技通报》2014,(11)

粘结层性能是影响外贴FRP结构加固效果的重要因素。本文介绍了外贴FRP结构粘结剪应力分析的主要理论和所取得成果。重点对粘结剪应力分析发展现状进行了综述,并对外贴FRP加固结构及剪应力研究发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

某型号飞机前机身普通框接头R区疲劳分析     

丁丹烨 《中国科技信息》2014,(7):189-190

在民用飞机设计中,疲劳性能是飞机设计中要考虑的一个重要因素。而接头破坏可能是引起飞机结构失效的最常见的根源,且接头的疲劳强度分析在飞机结构分析中占有非常重要的地位。本文通过算例介绍了某型号飞机前机身普通框接头R区的疲劳分析方法,为接头的疲劳特性评估提供依据,以帮助结构工程师设计能够满足疲劳强度要求的接头尺寸,亦可为飞机的疲劳强度验证试验提供支持。  相似文献   

Prediction of stress levels in the workplace using surrounding stress     

《Information processing & management》2022,59(6):103064

Occupational stress has a significant adverse effect on workers’ well-being, productivity, and performance and is becoming a major concern for both individual companies and the overall economy. To reduce negative consequences, early detection of stress is a key factor. In response several stress prediction methods have been proposed, whose primary aim is to analyse physiological and behavioural data. However, evidence suggests that solutions based on physiological and behavioural data alone might be challenging when implemented in real-world settings. These solutions are sensitive to data problems arising from losses in signal quality or alterations in body responses, which are common in everyday activities. The contagious nature of stress and its sensitivity to the surroundings can be used to improve these methods. In this study, we sought to investigate automatic stress prediction using both surrounding stress data, which we define as close colleagues’ stress levels and the stress level history of the individuals. We introduce a real-life, unconstrained study conducted with 30 workers monitored over 8 weeks. Furthermore, we propose a method to investigate the effect of stress levels of close colleagues on the prediction of an individual’s stress levels. Our method is also validated on an external, independent dataset. Our results show that surrounding stress can be used to improve stress prediction in the workplace, where we achieve 80% of F-score in predicting individuals’ stress levels from the surrounding stress data in a multiclass stress classification.  相似文献   

Childhood trauma and neighborhood-level crime interact in predicting adult posttraumatic stress and major depression symptoms     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

Previous research has identified several individual-level factors that modify the risk of childhood trauma on adult psychiatric symptoms, including symptoms of major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress (PTS). Neighborhood-level factors also influence the impact of individual-level exposures on adult psychopathology. However, no prior studies to our knowledge have explored cross-level interactions between childhood trauma and neighborhood-level factors on MD and PTS symptoms. The purpose of this study was therefore to explore cross-level interactions between a neighborhood-level factor – neighborhood-level crime – and childhood trauma on MD and PTS symptoms. Participants in this study (N = 3192) were recruited from a large public hospital, and completed self-report inventories of childhood trauma and MD and PTS symptoms. Participant addresses were mapped onto 2010 census tracts, and data on crime within each tract were collected. Multilevel models found a significant cross-level interaction between childhood trauma and neighborhood crime on MD symptoms, such that the influence of high levels of childhood trauma on MD symptoms was enhanced for participants living in high-crime neighborhoods. Supplementary analyses found variation in the strength of cross-level interaction terms by types of childhood trauma and crime, with the strongest associations including emotional neglect paired with personal and property crime. The results provide preliminary support for interventions that help childhood trauma survivors find housing in less vulnerable neighborhoods and build skills to cope with neighborhood crime.  相似文献   

Reconvene and Reconnect the Antioxidant Hypothesis in Human Health and Disease     

Singh PP  Chandra A  Mahdi F  Roy A  Sharma P 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(3):225-243

The antioxidants are essential molecules in human system but are not miracle molecules. They are neither performance enhancers nor can prevent or cure diseases when taken in excess. Their supplemental value is debateable. In fact, many high quality clinical trials on antioxidant supplement have shown no effect or adverse outcomes ranging from morbidity to all cause mortality. Several Chochrane Meta-analysis and Markov Model techniques, which are presently best available statistical models to derive conclusive answers for comparing large number of trials, support these claims. Nevertheless none of these statistical techniques are flawless. Hence, more efforts are needed to develop perfect statistical model to analyze the pooled data and further double blind, placebo controlled interventional clinical trials, which are gold standard, should be implicitly conducted to get explicit answers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and catalase are termed as primary antioxidants as these scavenge superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. All these three enzymes are inducible enzymes, thereby inherently meaning that body increases or decreases their activity as per requirement. Hence there is no need to attempt to manipulate their activity nor have such efforts been clinically useful. SOD administration has been tried in some conditions especially in cancer and myocardial infarction but has largely failed, probably because SOD is a large molecule and can not cross cell membrane. The dietary antioxidants, including nutrient antioxidants are chain breaking antioxidants and in tandem with enzyme antioxidants temper the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within physiological limits. Since body is able to regulate its own requirements of enzyme antioxidants, the diet must provide adequate quantity of non-enzymic antioxidants to meet the normal requirements and provide protection in exigent condition. So far, there is no evidence that human tissues ever experience the torrent of reactive species and that in chronic conditions with mildly enhanced generation of reactive species, the body can meet them squarely if antioxidants defense system in tissues is biochemically optimized. We are not yet certain about optimal levels of antioxidants in tissues. Two ways have been used to assess them: first by dietary intake and second by measuring plasma levels. Lately determination of plasma/serum level of antioxidants is considered better index for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The recommended levels for vitamin A, E and C and beta carotene are 2.2–2.8 μmol/l; 27.5–30 μmol/l; 40–50 μmol/l and 0.4–0.5 μmol/l, respectively. The requirement and recommended blood levels of other dietary antioxidants are not established. The resolved issues are (1) essential to scavenge excess of radical species (2) participants in redox homeostasis (3) selective antioxidants activity against radical species (4) there is no universal antioxidant and 5) therapeutic value in case of deficiency. The overarching issues are (1) therapeutic value as adjuvant therapy in management of diseases (2) supplemental value in developing population (3) selective interactivity of antioxidant in different tissues and on different substrates (4) quantitative contribution in redox balance (5) mechanisms of adverse action on excess supplementation (6) advantages and disadvantages of prooxidant behavior of antioxidants (7) behavior in cohorts with polymorphic differences (8) interaction and intervention in radiotherapy, diabetes and diabetic complications and cardiovascular diseases (9) preventive behavior in neurological disorders (10) benefits of non-nutrient dietary antioxidants (11) markers to assess optimized antioxidants status (12) assessment of benefits of supplementation in alcoholics and heavy smokers. The unresolved and intriguing issues are (1) many compounds such as vitamin A and many others possessing both antioxidant and non-antioxidant properties contribute to both the activities in vivo or exclusively only to non-antioxidant activity and (2) since human tissues do not experience the surge of FR, whether there is any need to develop stronger synthetic antioxidants. Theoretically such antioxidants may do more harm than good.  相似文献   

大学生心理压力与体育应对策略研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张俊伟  詹晓燕 《安徽体育科技》2010,31(4):68-70

通过对当代大学生心理压力增加的若干因素分析,高校体育教育应当适应现代社会对高层次人才的需求,适应社会主义先进文化发展的要求,以全面发展学生的身心健康为宗旨,以科学合理的教学模式为手段,以“健康第一”为指导思想,针对当前高校学生存在的心理健康问题,结合体育教学,运用多种方法和手段,进行心理健康教育,切实提高学生的心理健康水平。  相似文献   

西藏半干旱区三种柏树抗旱性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗大庆  方江平  权红  郭其强  赵垦田 《资源科学》2010,32(8):1601-1607

本文以西藏半干旱区分布的柏树为实验树种,采用盆栽控水干旱胁迫手段,比较和分析了3种柏树在持续水分胁迫条件下的生理响应,结果表明:①随着干旱胁迫时间推移,土壤含水量不断降低,各树种叶片水分饱和亏缺值持续上升,初期失水速率基本相同,至13d,各树种失水速率逐渐加快并产生差异,其中,巨柏失水速度最快、大果圆柏次之、香柏最小;②从叶绿素a+b值和叶绿素a/b值综合比较来看,香柏和巨柏的抗旱适应性、喜光性略高于大果圆柏;③遭受干旱胁迫后,巨柏、香柏和大果圆柏体内游离脯氨酸含量分别增加了68.73%、63.61%和47.66%;④在此过程中,各树种体内丙二醛含量基本保持相对稳定状态,胁迫后期与前期相比并没有出现大量积累的现象。不同胁迫阶段,大果圆柏的电解质外渗率处于较高水平,巨柏次之,香柏最低;⑤可溶性糖积累过程中巨柏和大果圆柏增量明显高于香柏;⑥随着干旱胁迫时间延长,3个树种体内保护酶SOD和CAT含量均有所下降,试验初期至结束,SOD活性分别下降了20.34%～39.35%,CAT活性下降了58.39%～72.30%。采用模糊数学隶属函数法对3种柏树抗旱性进行综合评价,其抗旱能力强弱排序依次为香柏巨柏大果圆柏。  相似文献   

大运动量训练时自由式摔跤运动员应激激素变化的探讨     

包呼格吉乐图  刘霞  曾凡星  杨洁  郭伟东  吕红 《西安体育学院学报》2005,22(1):64-67

观察了大运动量训练期8名自由式摔跤运动员应激激素、焦虑水平及主观强度感的变化。研究过程中,每周安排11次大运动量训练,共进行2次实验,每次3个取样点(运动前、即刻和次日晨)。结果显示,两次取样时期次日晨ACTH水平较运动后即刻明显降低;C水平在第二次取样运动后即刻水平和次日晨水平明显高于运动前的,并且该时期运动后即刻C水平也明显高于第一次取样时期运动后即刻水平;E水平在第二次取样运动后即刻水平明显高于第一次取样运动后即刻的,且次日晨该激素水平也明显高于第一次取样次日晨的;血浆β-END水平在第二次取样运动后即刻水平明显高于运动前,也高于第一次取样运动后即刻,第二次取样次日晨该激素水平均低于运动前和运动后即刻水平,同时低于第一次取样次日晨的;血清NE水平变化与β-END水平变化类似;而RPE等级和焦虑水平在两次测试中呈现出运动后即刻水平高于运动前和次日晨的趋势,但不明显;RPE等级与诸多应激激素之间存在着弱相关关系。这预示着,在运动员身体机能评定工作中欲采用简单易行的显示身体机能的外部指标来表现不易测到的内部变化还需努力。  相似文献