Effects of short-term hormone replacement on atherogenic indices in Indian postmenopausal women     

Sarika Arora  Anju Jain  R Chitra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):41-47

Indian ethnicity by itself is a strong risk factor for development of CAD in Indian postmenopausal women due to lower HDL levels as compared to Whites and women of oriental origin. We evaluated and compared the short-term effects of menopause, estrogen replacement therapy and combined estrogen and progestin replacement therapy on various atherogenic indices. 40 postmenopausal women, both surgical and natural (20 each) were selected. 10 surgical postmenopausal women were given 0.625 mg conjugated estrogens daily for 6 months and 10 natural postmenopausal women were given 0.625 mg conjugated estrogen with 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate daily. 20 women were included in the control group and given placebo. Fasting venous blood samples were analyzed for extended lipid profile and calculated atherogenic indices before starting the therapy and after 1,3 and 6 months. LDL and Apolipoprotein B increased (p<0.05) and those of Apolipoprotein A1 and HDL decreased in the control groups. In both the study groups levels of serum cholesterol and LDL decreased (p<0.05) and those of HDL and Apolipoprotein A1 increased (p<0.01). LDL/HDL, Apo B/ApoA1, Total Cholesterol/HDL decreased significantly (p<0.05) in both the study groups compared to the control groups. The effect of estrogen alone was more significant as compared to combination therapy. Log Triglycerides (TG)/HDL ratio showed a decrease in women on estrogen alone but the difference was not significant. Our study confirms that short term HRT has a favorable effect on atherogenic indices in Indian postmenopausal women.  相似文献   

CO_2、NH_3对YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)的结构及超导电性的影响     

覃作祥  张彦生 《科技通报》1991,(5)

以热重分析(TGA)、电阻测量和X射线衍射分析等方法,研究了CO_2与NH_3对YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)超导体结构稳定性及超导,电性的影响。当温度低于373K时,CO_2对YBa_2Cu_3O(7-x)的结构和超导电性无影响;当温度为523K时,CO_2使YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)的Tc下降;温度高于703K时,CO_2将很快破坏YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)的结构,并产生化学反应,生成新的化合物,在CO_2中存在的O_2与N_2对YBa_2Cu_3O(7-x)与CO_2的反应及反应产物的影响有较大差异。NH_3对YBa_2Cu_3O(7-x)结构稳定性的影响不大。  相似文献   

实时数据库系统并发控制机制分析     

龚丽媛 《科技广场》2007,(7):90-92

实时数据库系统中的事务具有显示的时间约束,因此,与传统的数据库系统相比,实时数据库系统并发控制协议有了一定的扩展。在分析实时数据库系统中实时事务并发执行的新特点的基础上,介绍了几种典型的实时数据库并发控制协议。  相似文献   

一种同步脱氮脱硫并回收单质硫的新工艺初探   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王爱杰  杜大仲  任南琪  刘春爽  万春黎 《中国科技信息》2005,(9)

依据脱氮硫杆菌(Thiobacillus denitrificans)在厌氧(或兼性厌氧)条件具有脱硫反硝化的生理特性,采用分离筛选的脱氮硫杆菌,通过间歇试验考察了同步脱氮脱硫技术的关键因素。试验结果证明了同步脱氮脱硫技术的可行性,提出硫氮比(S2-/NO3-)和硫化物浓度是同步脱氮脱硫技术的主要因素,两者分别控制在5/3和低于300mg/L的水平可以获得较好的脱硫和反硝化效果,在此条件下,单质硫转化率最高达94%。  相似文献   

考虑省际贸易的山西省CO2排放影响因素再分解     

丛建辉  王晓培  张婷婷  张进鹏 《科技管理研究》2019,39(6)

山西省是全国年CO2排放量最多的省份,多角度探究、识别影响其CO2排放变化的主要因素,并针对性进行减排政策设计,是山西省实现绿色低碳发展的关键所在,对全国顺利完成减排目标也具有重要意义。本文在已有山西省碳排放影响因素分解研究基础上,基于山西省1987-2012年六张投入产出表数据,通过构建包含省际贸易因素的IO-SDA模型,对山西省CO2排放总量及CO2完全排放强度的影响因素进行了再分解,从省域整体及分行业角度,分时间段讨论了影响山西省CO2排放增长的各种直接效应与间接效应。研究发现：消费扩张效应、投资扩张效应、省际调出扩张效应等经济规模扩张因素为山西省CO2排放的主要促增因素,省际调出扩张效应影响最大,这证实了省际贸易因素在山西省这类能源输出型省份CO2排放格局中发挥着不容忽视的作用；直接能耗强度效应为关键促降因素；能源结构效应、进口替代效应、省际调入替代效应对CO2排放影响不明显；山西省七大行业中,除农林牧渔业的CO2排放出现下降,重工业、建筑业等六大行业均拉动山西省CO2排放持续增长,不同时间段内山西省各行业主要促增、促降因素及其影响程度存在明显差异；山西省各行业的CO2完全排放强度整体上较高,重工业的CO2完全排放强度最高,能源结构效应、直接能耗强度效应为各行业CO2完全排放强度降低的关键拉动因素,直接能耗强度效应的贡献值最大,投入产出结构效应的影响存在不确定性。本文据此提出了培育新型优势贸易产品,优化调出产品结构和能源结构,平衡消费、投资和贸易调出结构,塑造节能减排新模式等政策建议。  相似文献   

Estimation of 2-D ARMA model parameters by using equivalent AR approach     

Ayd?n K?z?lkaya 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2005,342(1):39-67

In this paper, the problem of estimating the parameters of a two-dimensional autoregressive moving-average (2-D ARMA) model driven by an unobservable input noise is addressed. In order to solve this problem, the relation between the parameters of a 2-D ARMA model and their 2-D equivalent autoregressive (EAR) model parameters is investigated. Based on this relation, a new algorithm is proposed for determining the 2-D ARMA model parameters from the coefficients of the 2-D EAR model. This algorithm is a three-step approach. In the first step, the parameters of the 2-D EAR model that is approximately equivalent to the 2-D ARMA model are estimated by applying 2-D modified Yule-Walker (MYW) equation to the process under consideration. Then, the moving-average parameters of the 2-D ARMA model are obtained solving the linear equation set constituted by using the EAR coefficients acquired in the first step. Finally, the autoregressive parameters of the 2-D ARMA model are found by exploiting the values obtained in first and second steps. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with other 2-D ARMA parameter and spectral estimation algorithms available in the technical literature by means of three different criteria. As a result of this comparison, it is shown that the parameters and the corresponding power spectrums estimated by using the proposed algorithm are converged to the original parameters and the original power spectrums, respectively.  相似文献   

C/S结构与B/S结构的信息系统比较分析   总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37  

吴大刚  肖荣荣 《情报科学》2003,21(3):313-315

传统的C/S体系结构虽然采用的是开放模式。但这只是系统开发一级的开放性，在特定的应用中无论时Client端还是Server端都还需要特定的软件，没有提供用户真正期望的开放环境。B/S结构则不同，它的前端是以TCP/IP协议为基础的，企业内的WWW服务器可以接受安装有Web浏览器，各种处理任务都可以调用系统资源来完成。这样大大简化了客户端。减轻了系统维护与升级的成本和工作量，降低了用户的总体拥有成本（TCO）。  相似文献   

Mixed control of uncertain jumping time-delay systems     

Magdi S. Mahmoud  Fouad M. AL-Sunni  Yan Shi   《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2008,345(5):536-552

In this paper, we investigate a class of linear continuous-time systems with Markovian jump parameters. An integral part of the system dynamics is a delayed state with time-varying and bounded delays. The jumping parameters are modeled as a continuous-time, discrete-state Markov process. Employing norm-bounded parametric uncertainties and utilizing the second-method of Lyapunov, we examine the problem of designing a mixed controller which minimizes a quadratic performance measure while satisfying a prescribed -norm bound on the closed-loop system. It is established that sufficient conditions for the existence of the mixed controller and the associated performance upper bound could be cast in the form of linear matrix inequalities.  相似文献   

幽门螺杆菌CagA蛋白与CTB融合基因的克隆及其植物表达载体的构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜云水  方平楚  付亚萍  朱诚 《科技通报》2004,20(3):189-193

目的　构建能在水稻胚乳中特异表达的幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关蛋白(CagA)和霍乱毒素B亚单位(CTB)的植物表达载体.方法　采用高保真PCR技术分别从质粒pGEM CTB和幽门螺杆菌基因组DNA中扩增出CTB和cagA基因,然后用PCR方法直接融合CTB基因和cagA基因.又用PCR法改造了水稻Wx启动子,在其3′端融合加入Ω序列和Kozak序列.通过一系列亚克隆最终将两个融合基因和NOS终止子插入根癌农杆菌双元载体pCAMBI A1300的表达框架内.结果　PCR验证和测序分析证明,CTB和cagA融合基因以正确的方向插入到载体pCAMBI A1300中,并位于水稻Wx启动子后.结论　成功构建CTB和cagA融合基因的植物表达载体,为幽门螺杆菌口服疫苗的研究奠定基础.  相似文献   

OSPFv3和OSPFv2的差异分析     

张涛 《内蒙古科技与经济》2006,(7):111

IPv6是为适应Internet的发展而在IPv4的基础上产生的新一代IP协议。当前支持IPv6的较为成熟的路由协议有RIPng和OSPFv3,其中,OSPFv3是当前应用最广泛的域内路由协议。文章通过对OSPFv3和OSPFv2的对比,分析了OSPFv2与OSPFv3之间的主要差异。  相似文献