赛艇国家集训队运动员身体形态调查研究     

燕永汉 《湖北体育科技》2010,29(6):743-744

测试国家赛艇集训队运动员体重、身高、坐高、指间距等4项身体形态指标,分析不同项目运动员身体形态特点,对赛艇不同项目选材提出建议。  相似文献   

高原训练对男子赛艇运动员有氧能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张志军 《湖北体育科技》2009,28(1):119-120,118

通过对29届奥运会中国男子轻量级赛艇队员，在高原训练前后HB水平变化，多级负荷测试中血乳酸和心率变化，以及6km成绩的变化进行分析。结果发现：队员血液携氧能力、骨骼肌代谢能力和心血管系统的有氧能力均有明显增强。  相似文献   

“多课次”训练对赛艇运动员生化指标的影响     

王加学 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(7):26-28

本文将＂多课次＂训练方法,应用于赛艇运动员的运动训练中。通过查阅有关＂多课次＂训练的研究资料,结合运动训练学、运动生理学、运动生物化学等多方面的研究成果,将赛艇运动员的机能指标与＂多课次＂训练有机结合起来,通过训练前后的生化指标数据分析,对运动员生化代谢、运动能力等方面的指标进行综合评定,为赛艇训练提供理论支撑,提高运动成绩。  相似文献   

高住高练低训对赛艇队运动员乳酸代谢能力的影响     

薛胜峰 《体育科技》2010,31(4):74-75,84

目的：探讨高住高练低训的训练模式对乳酸代谢能力的影响。方法：将24名赛艇运动员随机分为实验组（n=12）和对照组（n=12）,实验组每晚20：00至次日晨6：30在低氧房内休息和睡眠（≥10h/day）,低氧条件设置为海拔2500m高度,对照组在常氧环境里居住。两组日常训练安排基本保持一致,试验组每周进行2次低氧训练,低氧条件设置为海拔2100m,采用测功仪10000m的训练方式,负荷为本人平原测功仪最大功率的65%强度,训练时间约为31-40min,血乳酸水平3-6mmol/L;低氧训练前及20天低氧训练结束后分别进行最大功率的2000M测功仪测验,比较高住低训前后的血乳酸水平。结果：高住高练低训结束后,运动员的血乳酸水平均低于高住高练低训前,但高住高练低训结束后,运动员专项运动成绩没有立即出现明显提高。结论：高住高练低训的训练方法降低了同等运动负荷时的血乳酸值,提高了身体血乳酸的代谢水平,增大了机体承受更大运动负荷的潜力;也有利于运动后的疲劳恢复。  相似文献   

基于CFD的赛艇阻力板空气动力性能数值模拟     

张子华  郑伟涛  马勇  杨锋 《体育科学》2012,32(4):35-40

目的:讨论一种在赛艇训练中增加训练阻力同时又不影响运动员技术动作的设备,即赛艇阻力器,在不同攻角、不同速度状态下,阻力、压力的变化,阻力与速度之间的关系以及增阻效果分析。方法:运用CFD软件FLUENT 6.2版本进行数值模拟。结果:速度不同,攻角相同状态下的阻力系数是相等的,阻力随速度和攻角的增大而增大,速度变化对阻力板阻力及压力的影响要大于角度的变化所产生的影响,阻力大小与速度的平方成正比,而阻力系数是常数。以155kg和175kg赛艇,阻力板攻角90°,赛艇划行速度5m/s为例,当无风状态时,安装阻力板的155kg赛艇增加的阻力(20.58N)比增加20kg重量(175kg)的阻力值(7.25N)大13.33N,增加的阻力值接近2倍。当顺风风速为3m/s时,阻力板增加的阻力为3.26N,比增加20kg重量的阻力值小3.99N,当逆风风速为3m/s时,阻力板增加的阻力为51.94N,比增加20kg重量增加的阻力值大44.69N,增加的阻力值近6倍多。结论:FLUENT软件对赛艇阻力板阻力计算是准确的,模拟的结果可以应用于具体的实际问题中。90°攻角状态下使用阻力板增加的阻力要优于由于赛艇艇重增加所达到的增阻效果。当处于顺风训练时,风速使阻力板增加的阻力值减小,减弱增阻效果,而逆风训练时,风速使阻力板产生的阻力值增大,加大了增阻效果。因此,采用阻力板训练,可以不改变赛艇的吃水和重心,保证运动员技术的完整性和连贯性,并且增加训练的强度,提高了训练的科学化水平。  相似文献   

核心力量在运动员专项力量训练中的应用实践——以女子赛艇项目为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张学领  董伟 《武汉体育学院学报》2012,46(4):71-75

冬训期间,在新制定的系统化力量训练计划中加入核心力量训练手段,对武汉体育学院竞技体育学院女子赛艇公开级运动员进行实际干预.将冬训前后力量测试、测功仪500m测试成绩及运动员、教练员的主观感受作为评价指标,对整个训练方案的合理性及其效果进行分析,为专项力量训练及核心力量训练的深入发展提供有价值的数据与实践资料.  相似文献   

单人赛艇水动力特性的数值研究     

宋凯明  于健  初少玲  丁冬升  李芸辉 《北京体育大学学报》2012,35(5):125-127+132

为提高赛艇器材的性能,需要对赛艇的阻力特性进行研究。采用数值模拟的方法研究了赛艇的阻力性能,模拟时湍流模型采用RNG k-ε模型,自由面处理采用VOF方法,并通过与实验结果的对比证实了数值方法的有效性。研究结果表明,通过数值模拟可以较准确地预测赛艇阻力,并能捕捉赛艇周围的自由面,获得赛艇周围的流场信息。通过研究,可以为进一步优化赛艇艇型的研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

Rowing     

Bruce Elliott  Andrew Lyttle  Olivia Birkett 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):123-134

The purpose of this study was to compare rowing technique on the dynamic RowPerfect ergometer with a single scull. Eight national‐level rowers performed on both the RowPerfect ergometer and in a single scull over 500 m, at rates of 24, 26, and 28 strokes/minute. Blade force and oar angle (on‐water) and handle force and stroke length (on the ergometer) were measured. Both force and stroke angle/length were normalised from 0 to 100 (where 100 was the peak value). Body positions of the subjects at both the catch and finish of each of these rowing strokes were also compared for each stroke rate. The coefficient of multiple determination (CMD) was used to measure the consistency of force curves over a sample of five sequential strokes for each rower. Cross‐correlations were performed between the left‐ and right‐ side on‐water sculling force curves and a mean of these values with the ergometer curve for each rower. Stroke angle/length, which did not vary with rate, was similar for both forms of rowing. The CMDs showed a high consistency across the normalised strokes of each subject (≈0.98). Cross‐correlation values of 0.91, 0.92, and 0.93 were recorded between the force curves from the ergometer and on‐water trials for stroke rates of 24, 26, and 28 strokes/minute, respectively. The mean trunk, thigh and lower leg angles at the catch and finish of the stroke were also similar across the stroke rates as determined by t‐tests. Results indicate that technique used on the RowPerfect ergometer was similar to that for on‐water sculling, thus validating its use in off‐water training.  相似文献   

Relationship between 2000-m rowing ergometer performance times and World Rowing Championships rankings in elite-standard rowers     

Pavle Mikulić  Tomislav Smoljanović  Ivan Bojanić  Jo A. Hannafin  Branka R. Matković 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):907-913

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the extent to which 2000-m rowing ergometer performance times predicted final rankings at the World Rowing Championships in a sample of 638 rowers of both sexes and body-mass classifications (i.e. open-category and lightweight rowers). Rowing ergometer performance times were examined using a questionnaire, and in 17 of 23 events they were positively correlated (P ≤ 0.049) with the final rankings at the Championships. The highest correlations were for the ergometer performance times achieved by rowers in lightweight men's single sculls (r = 0.78; P = 0.005), women's single sculls (r = 0.75; P = 0.002), men's single sculls (r = 0.72; P = 0.004), and lightweight men's double sculls (r = 0.72; P < 0.001). We used linear regression to establish regression equations to predict final rankings based on 2000-m rowing ergometer performance times for each event in which there was a correlation greater than r = 0.50. Although correlations in 12 events met this criterion, the large standard errors of the estimate hindered ranking predictions in all of the studied events. Regression equations could be used to determine the most probable 2000-m ergometer performance time for a rower to achieve specific rankings at the World Rowing Championships.  相似文献   

A fluid dynamic investigation of the Big Blade and Macon oar blade designs in rowing propulsion     

Nicholas Caplan  Trevor N. Gardner 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(6):643-650

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the fluid dynamic characteristics of the two most commonly used oar blades: the Big Blade and the Macon. Scaled models of each blade, as well as a flat Big Blade, were tested in a water flume using a quasi-static method similar to that used in swimming and kayaking research. Measurement of the normal and tangential blade forces enabled lift and drag forces generated by the oar blades to be calculated over the full range of sweep angles observed during a rowing stroke. Lift and drag force coefficients were then calculated and compared between blades. The results showed that the Big Blade and Macon oar blades exhibited very similar characteristics. Hydraulic blade efficiency was not therefore found to be the reason for claims that the Big Blade could elicit a 2% improvement in performance over the Macon. The Big Blade was also shown to have similar characteristics to the flat plate when the angle of attack was below 90°, despite significant increases in the lift coefficient when the angle of attack increased above 90°. This result suggests that the Big Blade design may not be completely optimized over the whole stroke.  相似文献